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Recent Developments (recent + development)
Selected AbstractsRESEARCH ON ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS AND SPIRITUALITY IN ADDICTION RECOVERY. (RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN ALCOHOLISM VOL 18)ADDICTION, Issue 1 2010KEITH HUMPHREYS No abstract is available for this article. [source] RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN GERMAN CAPITAL MARKETS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCEJOURNAL OF APPLIED CORPORATE FINANCE, Issue 3 2001Eric Nowak Financial economists continue to point to Germany as a relatively successful model of a "bank-centered," as opposed to a market-based, economy. But few seem to recognize that, in the years leading up to World War I, German equity capital markets were among the most highly developed in the world. Although there are now only about 750 companies listed on German stock exchanges, in 1914 there were almost 1,200 (as compared to only about 600 stocks then listed on the New York Stock Exchange). Since German reunification in 1990, there have been signs of a possible restoration of the country's equity markets to something like their former prominence. The last 10 years have seen important legal and institutional developments that can be seen as preparing the way for larger and more active German equity markets, together with a more "shareholder-friendly" corporate governance system. In particular, the 1994 Securities Act, the Corporation Control and Transparency Act passed in 1998, and the just released Takeover Act and Fourth Financial Market Promotion Act all contain legal reforms that are essential conditions for well functioning equity markets. Such legal and regulatory changes have helped lay the groundwork for more visible and dramatic milestones, such as the Deutsche Telekom IPO in 1996, the opening of the Neuer Market in 1997, and, perhaps most important, the acquisition in 2000 of Mannesmann by Vodafone, the first successful hostile takeover of a German company. [source] CREATIVITY AND EVOLVING CONFUCIAN TRADITIONS: SOME REFLECTIONS ON EARLIER CENTURIES AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTSJOURNAL OF CHINESE PHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2006HOYT CLEVELAND TILLMAN [source] A SURVEY OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE LITERATURE OF FINANCE AND GROWTHJOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 3 2008James B. Ang Abstract This paper provides a survey of the recent progress in the literature of financial development and economic growth. The survey highlights that most empirical studies focus on either testing the role of financial development in stimulating economic growth or examining the direction of causality between these two variables. Although the positive role of finance on growth has become a stylized fact, there are some methodological reservations about the results from these empirical studies. Several key issues unresolved in the literature are highlighted. The paper also points to several directions for future research. [source] Recent Development of Active Nanoparticle Catalysts for Fuel Cell ReactionsADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 8 2010Vismadeb Mazumder Abstract This review focuses on the recent advances in the synthesis of nanoparticle (NP) catalysts of Pt-, Pd- and Au-based NPs as well as composite NPs. First, new developments in the synthesis of single-component Pt, Pd and Au NPs are summarized. Then the chemistry used to make alloy and composite NP catalysts aiming to enhance their activity and durability for fuel cell reactions is outlined. The review next introduces the exciting new research push in developing CoN/C and FeN/C as non-Pt catalysts. Examples of size-, shape- and composition-dependent catalyses for oxygen reduction at cathode and formic acid oxidation at anode are highlighted to illustrate the potentials of the newly developed NP catalysts for fuel cell applications. [source] Recent Developments and Applications of Haptic DevicesCOMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM, Issue 2 2003S. D. Laycock Abstract Over recent years a variety of haptic feedback devices have been developed and are being used in a number of important applications. They range from joysticks used in the entertainment industry to specialised devices used in medical applications. This paper will describe the recent developments of these devices and show how they have been applied. It also examines how haptic feedback has been combined with visual display devices, such as virtual reality walls and workbenches, in order to improve the immersive experience. ACM CSS: H.5.2 Information Interfaces and Presentation,Haptic I/O; I.3.8 Computer Graphics,Applications; I.6 Simulation and Modelling,Applications [source] Recent Developments in Catalytic Aryl Coupling ReactionsEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 25 2007Marta Catellani Abstract The present microreview is aimed at describing the evolution of the methodology used in aryl coupling reactions towards catalytically efficient and highly selective procedures, which have been achieved through the use of assisted and metallacycle-directed reactions. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2007) [source] Modelling Soil Erosion by Grazing: Recent Developments and New ApproachesGEOGRAPHICAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2007JOHN B. THORNES Abstract Grazing is still widely held responsible for land degradation. The interaction between grazing and erosion is still rather poorly understood. As a consequence, counter-measures and associated management techniques have been slow to develop in southern Europe compared with Australia. Developments in ecological and economic-ecological modelling have improved our understanding of the processes and enhanced management capacity. Some of these developments are reviewed and two applications are described. One is a model for semi-extensive grazing in dry Mediterranean mountain conditions in which the shepherds, on random paths, seek to optimise resources use for economic benefit. The other is a spatial optimisation of vegetation canopy to minimise erosion rates. [source] Recent Developments in Trace Element Analysis by ICP-AES and ICP-MS with Particular Reference to Geological and Environmental SamplesGEOSTANDARDS & GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH, Issue 1 2005Kathryn L. Linge This review describes recent developments in trace element analysis using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). It aims to focus on the application of ICP techniques to geological and environmental samples. Therefore, fundamental studies in ICP-MS and ICP-AES instrumentation have largely been ignored. Whereas the majority of literature reviewed related to ICP-MS, indicating that ICP-MS is now the preferred technique for all geological analysis, there is still a steady development of ICP-AES to environmental applications. It is clear that true flexibility in elemental analysis can only be achieved by combining the advantages of both ICP-AES and ICP-MS. Two particular groups of elements (long-lived radionuclide and the platinum-group elements) stood out as warranting dedicated sections describing analytical developments these areas. [source] Recent Developments in Synthetic Chemistry, Chiral Separations, and Applications of Tröger's Base AnaloguesHELVETICA CHIMICA ACTA, Issue 3 2009Sergey Sergeyev Abstract Tröger's base is a well-known chiral molecule with a few unusual structural features. The chemistry of Tröger's base analogues has been greatly developed over the last 20 years, and numerous interesting applications in supramolecular chemistry and in molecular recognition have emerged. This Review gives a short overview of the chemistry of Tröger's base and its analogues, with particular focus on recent achievements in synthesis, enantiomer separations, and applications. [source] Recent Developments in the Application of Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complex SystemsADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 44 2009Christoph Ulbricht Abstract The recent developments in using iridium(III) complexes as phosphorescent emitters in electroluminescent devices, such as (white) organic light-emitting diodes and light-emitting electrochemical cells, are discussed. Additionally, applications in the emerging fields of molecular sensors, biolabeling, and photocatalysis are briefly evaluated. The basic strategies towards charged and non-charged iridium(III) complexes are summarized, and a wide range of assemblies is discussed. Small-molecule- and polymer-based materials are under intense investigation as emissive systems in electroluminescent devices, and special emphasis is placed on the latter with respect to synthesis, characterization, electro-optical properties, processing technologies, and performance. [source] Chiral Amine Synthesis , Recent Developments and Trends for Enamide Reduction, Reductive Amination, and Imine ReductionADVANCED SYNTHESIS & CATALYSIS (PREVIOUSLY: JOURNAL FUER PRAKTISCHE CHEMIE), Issue 5 2010Thomas Abstract The review examines the chiral amine literature from 2000,2009 (May) concerning enantioselective and diastereoselective methods for N -acylenamide and enamine reduction, reductive amination, and imine reduction. The reaction steps for each strategy, from ketone to primary chiral amine, are clearly defined, with best methods and yields for starting material preparation and final deprotection noted. Categories of chiral amines have been defined in Section 1 to allow the reader to quickly understand whether their specific target amine falls within a difficult to synthesize, or not, structural class. Amino acids are not considered in this work. [source] Some Recent Developments in Futures HedgingJOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 3 2002Donald Lien The use of futures contracts as a hedging instrument has been the focus of much research. At the theoretical level, an optimal hedge strategy is traditionally based on the expected,utility maximization paradigm. A simplification of this paradigm leads to the minimum,variance criterion. Although this paradigm is quite well accepted, alternative approaches have been sought. At the empirical level, research on futures hedging has benefited from the recent developments in the econometrics literature. Much research has been done on improving the estimation of the optimal hedge ratio. As more is known about the statistical properties of financial time series, more sophisticated estimation methods are proposed. In this survey we review some recent developments in futures hedging. We delineate the theoretical underpinning of various methods and discuss the econometric implementation of the methods. [source] Political Macroeconomics: A Survey of Recent DevelopmentsJOURNAL OF ECONOMIC SURVEYS, Issue 5 2000Manfred Gärtner The paper surveys political macroeconomics, covering its development from Rogoff's conservative central banker to the most recent discussions of monetary policy and institutional design. Topics include the inflation-stabilization trade-off, central bank independence with escape clauses and overruling with costs, inflation targets, performance contracts for monetary authorities, and the consequences of output persistence for these issues. Further topics are the political business cycle when output is persistent, the political macroeconomics of fiscal policy, the government spending bias, and the game-theoretic interaction between fiscal and monetary policy. All work is discussed within a coherent analytical framework. [source] Recent Developments in the Safety Regime for Naval Ship DesignQUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2006David Andrews Abstract This paper brings together the issues presented by the author to the two International Maritime Conferences on Design for Safety, held in Glasgow in 1999 and in Osaka in 2004. To appreciate how the safety issues for naval ships differ from those for merchant vessels, it is necessary to consider how naval ship design differs from that for most merchant ships. The paper outlines the features of the U.K. Naval Ship Safety Regime and the most significant change since its 1998 implementation, the introduction of Naval Ship Classification. The second aspect of relevance is the role of the Design Authority for a new class of warships, now that the direct design of such vessels is no longer undertaken within the relevant government procurement agency. An important safety management feature, within this arrangement, is the role of the Naval Authority, which is outlined, prior to a concluding section considering the ways in which the current Naval Ship Safety Regime might be developed further. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Recent Developments in Health LawTHE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS, Issue 3 2009Carmel Shachar First page of article [source] Recent Developments in Health LawTHE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS, Issue 1 2009Ching Ping Ang First page of article [source] Recent Developments in Health LawTHE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS, Issue 2 2008Paul Bailin First page of article [source] Recent Developments in Health LawTHE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS, Issue 3 2007Renee Gerber No abstract is available for this article. [source] Recent Developments in Health LawTHE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS, Issue 3 2002Article first published online: 24 JAN 200 First page of article [source] Recent Developments in India's Plant Variety Protection, Seed Regulation and Linkages with UPOV's Proposed MembershipTHE JOURNAL OF WORLD INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, Issue 3 2009Prabhash Ranjan The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights of the World Trade Organization imposes an obligation on all member countries to protect plant varieties either by patents or by a sui generis regime or by a combination of both. India explored the sui generis option to provide protection to plant varieties. This legal regime recognizes the rights of commercial breeders and also grants a positive right to farmers and goes beyond the widely recognized international sui generis regime represented by the International Union for the Protection of Plant Varieties (UPOV). Notwithstanding this, India has made an application to join UPOV. However, with the present plant variety law, India's membership application to join UPOV may not be successful. The recent development of bringing the Seeds Bill, which dilutes farmers' rights provisions in the plant variety law, is important in this regard. The article argues that if the Seeds Bill is passed in its present form, it will dilute the beneficial provisions of the plant variety law and pave the way for India to join UPOV. [source] Recent Developments in Kidney Transplantation,A Critical AssessmentAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 6 2009K. L. Womer Rapid advances have been made in decreasing acute rejection rates and improving short-term graft survival in kidney transplant recipients. Whether these advances ultimately will lead to a commensurate improvement in long-term survival is not yet known. In recent years, greater attention has been placed on defining the precise etiology of graft loss, determining how far and with what agents we can minimize immunosuppression, and delineating the nature of both T-cell-mediated as well as antibody-mediated rejection. In addition, with the growing disparity of available organs and patients in need of a transplant, greater attention has been placed on optimizing allocation. In this minireview, we will focus on developments over the last couple of years, paying particular attention to insights, studies and observations that may attempt to elucidate some of these open questions. [source] Heart Rate Variability: Recent DevelopmentsANNALS OF NONINVASIVE ELECTROCARDIOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Juha S. Perkiömäki M.D., Ph.D. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Special issue on "Recent Developments in Multidimensional Systems, Control and Signals,Theory and Applications"ASIAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL, Issue 2 2010Krzysztof Galkowski Guest Editor No abstract is available for this article. [source] An Australian Response to Recent Developments in the Market for Audit ServicesAUSTRALIAN ACCOUNTING REVIEW, Issue 27 2002Keith A. Houghton Where the quality (both competence and independence) of an audit is tested, often in the circumstance of a corporate failure, auditors frequently have good defences as to their competency but rarely do they have equally convincing defences for the objectivity of their decisionmaking or the independence of their audit. This paper recommends that large audit firms establish an independence board with the authority to define, review and decide upon all threats and potential threats to independence. It would also have responsibility for quality-control and educational programs in respect of audit firm's independence decision-making. [source] Recent Developments in Labor Economics , Edited by John T. AddisonBRITISH JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, Issue 2 2009Mary Gregory First page of article [source] Recent Developments in the Chemistry of Sandalwood OdorantsCHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, Issue 6 2008Constanze Brocke Abstract Natural sandalwood oil, a unique and valuable ingredient in fine perfumery, has been the focus of scientific interest for many years. Due to its scarcity and its high price, the search for novel synthetic raw materials imitating the characteristic odor profile of sandalwood oil is as challenging as ever. In this context, the preparation of the novel sandalwood odorants 26, 33, and 39 will be discussed, including their sensory properties and structure,odor relationship. [source] Recent Developments in Anorexia NervosaCHILD AND ADOLESCENT MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2006Rachel Bryant-Waugh Background:, This review summarises recent clinical developments, topics of debate, and research findings in relation to anorexia nervosa in children and adolescents. Following an update of diagnostic and prevalence issues, recent developments in treatment approaches are discussed. These cover recommendations for the medical management of anorexia nervosa in young people, as well as psychological interventions for children, adolescents and their families. The question of which type of service setting is most appropriate for the treatment of young people with anorexia nervosa remains a subject of discussion, and recent guidance and work in this area is presented. Finally, the ongoing relatively poor prognosis in terms of general mental health associated with anorexia nervosa is highlighted and the implications for CAMHS practitioners discussed. [source] Recent development and potential use of µ- and ,-opioid receptor ligands in positron emission tomography studiesDRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH, Issue 12 2006Gjermund Henriksen Abstract Quantitative non-invasive imaging of target structures in the human central nervous system provided by positron emission tomography (PET) permits investigation of the relationship between molecular events and pharmacological effects in living humans. Due to their prominent role in opiate and stimulant drug misuse and dependence, as well as in nociceptive signaling, µ- and ,-opioid receptors are potential targets for advances in neuro(psycho)pharmacological treatment of these illnesses and syndromes. In this review, we describe recent developments in specific positron emitting radiopharmaceuticals for these opioid receptor subclasses. Implications for further advances and clinical applications of the labeled ligands are discussed. Drug Dev. Res. 67:890,904, 2006. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Ordered Mesoporous Silica Derived from Layered SilicatesADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS, Issue 4 2009Tatsuo Kimura Abstract Here, the development of ordered mesoporous silica prepared by the reaction of layered silicates with organoammonium surfactants is reviewed. The specific features of mesoporous silica are discussed with relation to the probable formation mechanisms. The recent understanding of the unusual structural changes from the 2D structure to periodic 3D mesostructures is presented. The formation of mesophase silicates from layered silicates with single silicate sheets depends on combined factors including the reactivity of layered silicates, the presence of layered intermediates, the variation of the silicate sheets, and the assemblies of surfactant molecules in the interlayer spaces. FSM-16-type (p6mm) mesoporous silica is formed via layered intermediates composed of fragmented silicate sheets and alkyltrimethylammonium (CnTMA) cations. KSW-2-type (c2mm) mesoporous silica can be prepared through the bending of the individual silicate sheets with intralayer and interlayer condensation. Although the structure of the silicate sheets changes during the reactions with CnTMA cations in a complex manner, the structural units caused by kanemite in the frameworks are retained. Recent development of the structural design in the silicate framework is very important for obtaining KSW-2-based mesoporous silica with molecularly ordered frameworks. The structural units originating from layered silicates are chemically designed and structurally stabilized by direct silylation of as-synthesized KSW-2. Some proposed applications using these mesoporous silica are also summarized with some remarks on the uniqueness of the use of layered silicates by comparison with MCM-type mesoporous silica. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||