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Kinds of Reply Selected AbstractsTHE CASE OF THE CRITICS WHO MISSED THE POINT: A REPLY TO WEBSTER ET AL.,CRIMINOLOGY AND PUBLIC POLICY, Issue 3 2006STEVEN D. LEVITT First page of article [source] REPLY TO THE COMMENTARIESADDICTION, Issue 7 2010HAROLD KALANT No abstract is available for this article. [source] A PEOPLE'S POLICE FOR THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY: A REPLY TO BLUNDELLECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 4 2007Sara Thornton John Blundell's ideas for structural change could undermine the strengths of British policing. Nevertheless, there is a need for decentralisation and more local control. [source] FREE TRADE, ,PAUPER LABOUR' AND PROSPERITY: A REPLY TO PROFESSOR MISHANECONOMIC AFFAIRS, Issue 1 2006John Meadowcroft In an Economic Viewpoint published in the September 2005 edition of Economic Affairs, ,Can Globalisation Depress Living Standards in the West?', Professor E. J. Mishan argued that globalisation may reduce living standards in the West by decreasing the labour,capital ratio in developed countries as firms move production to countries where labour is cheaper and/or migrants to the West from the developing world bid down wage rates. In a reply to Professor Mishan's article, Dr John Meadowcroft argues that this view of globalisation is far too pessimistic and explains why free trade, not protection, will secure the prosperity of developed and developing economies. In a final comment, Professor Mishan responds to this critique of his analysis. [source] ADDICTIONS, AUTONOMY AND SO MUCH MORE: A REPLY TO CAPLANADDICTION, Issue 6 2009DANIEL Z. BUCHMAN No abstract is available for this article. [source] ABORTION, SUBSTANCE USE AND CONFOUNDING: A REPLY TO AAVITSLAND (2009)ADDICTION, Issue 1 2009WILLY PEDERSEN No abstract is available for this article. [source] SASSI: A REPLY TO THE CRITIQUE OF FELDSTEIN & MILLER (2007)ADDICTION, Issue 6 2007LINDA E. LAZOWSKI No abstract is available for this article. [source] GETTING THE FACTS RIGHT: A REPLY TO SMITH (2005)ADDICTION, Issue 10 2005LESLIE A. KING No abstract is available for this article. [source] THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION AND HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION AMONG MEN IN JAPAN: A REPLY TO THE COMMENTARIESADDICTION, Issue 1 2005YUKIKO ANZAI No abstract is available for this article. [source] CALIBRATION OF MOLECULAR CLOCKS AND THE BIOGEOGRAPHIC HISTORY OF CRYPTERONIACEAE: A REPLY TO MOYLEEVOLUTION, Issue 8 2004Elena Conti No abstract is available for this article. [source] UNDERSTANDING THE ORIGINS OF AREAS OF ENDEMISM IN PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC ANALYSES: A REPLY TO BRIDLE ET AL.EVOLUTION, Issue 6 2004Ben J. Evans First page of article [source] MEASURING TOLERANCE TO HERBIVORY WITH NATURAL OR IMPOSED DAMAGE: A REPLY TO LEHTILÅEVOLUTION, Issue 3 2003Brian D. Inouye No abstract is available for this article. [source] 3. HISTORIOGRAPHY WITHOUT GOD: A REPLY TO GREGORY,HISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 4 2008TOR EGIL FØRLAND ABSTRACT This reply aims both to respond to Gregory and to move forward the debate about God's place in historiography. The first section is devoted to the nature of science and God. Whereas Gregory thinks science is based on metaphysical naturalism with a methodological corollary of critical-realist empiricism, I see critical, empiricist methodology as basic, and naturalism as a consequence. Gregory's exposition of his apophatic theology, in which univocity is eschewed, illustrates the fissure between religious and scientific worldviews,no matter which basic scientific theory one subscribes to. The second section is allotted to miracles. As I do, Gregory thinks no miracle occurred on Fox Lakes in 1652, but he restricts himself to understanding the actors and explaining change over time, and refuses to explain past or contemporary actions and events. Marc Bloch, in his book The Royal Touch: Sacred Monarchy and Scrofula in England and France, is willing to go much further than Gregory. Using his superior medical knowledge to substitute his own explanation of the phenomenon for that of the actors, Bloch dismisses the actors' beliefs that they or others had been miraculously cured, and explains that they believed they saw miraculous healing because they were expecting to see it. In the third section, on historical explanation, I rephrase the question whether historians can accommodate both believers in God and naturalist scientists, asking whether God, acting miraculously or not, can be part of the ideal explanatory text. I reply in the negative, and explicate how the concept of a plural subject suggests how scientists can also be believers. This approach may be compatible with two options presented by Peter Lipton for resolving the tension between religion and science. The first is to see the truth claims of religious texts as untranslatable into scientific language (and vice versa); the other is to immerse oneself in religious texts by accepting them as a guide but not believing in their truth claims when these contradict science. [source] 2. THE PUBLIC RELEVANCE OF HISTORICAL STUDIES: A REPLY TO DIRK MOSESHISTORY AND THEORY, Issue 3 2005HAYDEN WHITE ABSTRACT I am grateful to Dirk Moses for taking the time to study my work so assiduously and to comment on it so perspicuously. His essay is eminently well-informed and even-handed, and I have little to add to or correct of his characterization of my many, long on-going, and admittedly flawed attempts to deconstruct modern historical discourse. He understands me well enough and I think that I understand his objections to my position(s). We do not disagree on matters of fact, I think, but we have different notions about the nature of historical discourse and the uses to which historical knowledge can properly be put. [source] REPLY TO COMMENT BY THERIOT (2008) ON KACZMARSKA ET AL. (2006) (45:987,94)JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY, Issue 6 2009Article first published online: 30 NOV 200 No abstract is available for this article. [source] BELIEF AND PRETENSE: A REPLY TO GENDLERMETAPHILOSOPHY, Issue 2 2006MARTIJN BLAAUW Abstract: In cases of imaginative contagion, imagining something has doxastic or doxastic-like consequences. In this reply to Tamar Szabó Gendler's article in this collection, I investigate what the philosophical consequences of these cases could be. I argue (i) that imaginative contagion has consequences for how we should understand the nature of imagination and (ii) that imaginative contagion has consequences for our understanding of what belief-forming mechanisms there are. Along the way, I make some remarks about what the consequences of the contagion cases are for the relation between knowledge and imagination. [source] A REPLY TO THE COMMENT BY DUNCAN FOLEYMETROECONOMICA, Issue 2 2008Sergio Parrinello First page of article [source] ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WAGES AND MONITORING: A REPLYMETROECONOMICA, Issue 1 2008Laszlo Goerke No abstract is available for this article. [source] AUTHORS' REPLY: COLCHICINE MYONEUROPATHY: THE ROLE OF RHABDOMYOLYSISNEPHROLOGY, Issue 5 2006I-CHUN LAI [source] REPLY TO NATOLI AND COLLEAGUESNUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 4 2008Bill Shrapnel MHP [source] KANT BETWEEN THE WARS: A REPLY TO HOHENDAHLPHILOSOPHICAL FORUM, Issue 1-2 2010ANDREW CHIGNELL First page of article [source] REPLY TO BRADLEY AND MCCARTHYANALYTIC PHILOSOPHY, Issue 4 2007John Broome First page of article [source] REVISITING THE BASIC FAULT: A REPLY TO JACKIE GERRARDBRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOTHERAPY, Issue 4 2001Martin Stanton First page of article [source] Measuring health inequality with realization of potential life years (RePLY)HEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue S1 2009Kam Ki Tang Abstract This paper proposes a new method to measure health inequalities that are caused by conditions amenable to policy intervention. The method is built on a technique that can separate avoidable and unavoidable mortality risks, using world mortality data compiled by the World Health Organization for the year 2000. The new method is applied to data from 191 countries. It is found that controlling for unavoidable mortality risks leads to a lower estimate of health inequality than otherwise, especially for developed countries. Furthermore, although countries with a higher life expectancy at birth tend to have lower health inequality, there are significant variations in health inequalities across countries with the same life expectancy. The results therefore support the WHO's plea for using health inequality as a distinct parameter from the average level of health in assessing the performance of health systems. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The addition of mood and anxiety domains to the University of Washington quality of life scale,HEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 6 2002Simon N. Rogers FDS Abstract Background There are numerous head and neck specific quality of life questionnaires, each having its own merits and disadvantages. The University of Washington questionnaire has been widely used and is notable by the inclusion of a shoulder dysfunction domain, domain importance ratings, and patient free text. It is short, simple to process, and provides clinically relevant information. However, it has lacked any psychological dimension of quality of life. The aim of this study was to report the inclusion of two psychological domains (mood, anxiety) to the most recent refinement of the questionnaire (version 3). Method A cross-sectional survey was performed in April 2000. Questionnaires were sent to 183 patients alive and disease free after surgery for oral and oro-pharyngeal malignancy. Replies were received from 145 patients (79% response rate). Results The new domains (mood and anxiety) correlated significantly with the emotional functioning domains from the EORTC C30 and with the pain and appearance domains of UW-QOL. There were also significant correlations between the "global quality of life" item and the two new domains. Mood (p = .005) and anxiety (p < .001) scores were associated with patient age but with no other clinicodemographic variable. Conclusion The addition of mood and anxiety domains makes the UW-QOL version 4 a single broad measure suitable for effective health-related quality of life evaluation in the routine clinical setting. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 24: 521,529, 2002 [source] Attitudes and use of rubber dam by Irish general dental practitionersINTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 6 2007C. D. Lynch Abstract Aim, To investigate the attitudes towards and use of rubber dam by Irish general dental practitioners. Methodology, A pre-piloted questionnaire was distributed amongst a group of 600 dentists randomly selected from the Irish Register of Dentists. Replies from dentists working in specialist practice or the hospital dental service were excluded. Dentists were surveyed in relation to their use of rubber dam during a variety of operative and root canal treatments, as well as their attitudes to the use of rubber dam in dental practice. Results, A total of 300 replies were considered from a total of 324 that were received. Seventy-seven per cent of respondents (n = 231) worked in general dental practice and 23% (n = 69) worked in the Irish Health Board/Community Dental Service. Rubber dam was ,never' used by 77% of respondents (n = 228) when placing amalgam restorations in posterior teeth, 52% (n = 147) when placing composite restorations in posterior teeth, and 59% (n = 177) when placing composite restorations in anterior teeth. Rubber dam was ,never' used by 39% of respondents (n = 114) when performing root canal treatment on anterior teeth; 32% (n = 84) when performing root canal treatment on premolar teeth; and 26% (n = 51) when performing root canal treatment on molar teeth. Fifty-seven per cent (n = 171) considered rubber dam ,cumbersome and difficult to apply', and 41% (n = 123) considered throat pack ,as good a prevention against inhalation of endodontic instruments as rubber dam'. Conclusions, Whilst rubber dam is used more frequently for root canal treatment than operative treatment, its use is limited. This presents quality issues, as well as medico-legal and safety concerns for both the profession and patients. [source] Teaching consultation skills: a survey of general practice trainersMEDICAL EDUCATION, Issue 3 2001Alison Evans Background Consultation skills are vitally important in general practice (GP), and now form part of the summative assessment of GP registrars in the UK. GP trainers need to be skilled in teaching consultation skills, and also need the time and resources to ensure that their registrars are competent in consultation skills. Aims To describe the teaching methods used by GP trainers in one deanery, the frequency of teaching of consultation skills, the problems encountered and the training that GP trainers have themselves received both in consultation skills and how to teach them. Method Postal questionnaire survey of all the 164 trainers in the Yorkshire Deanery. Results Replies were received from 129 trainers (response rate 79%) of which 123 could be analysed. Of these trainers, 45 (37%) trainers taught consultation skills fewer than five times a year, 45 (37%) five to 10 times, and 14 (11%) more than 10 times a year. A total of 24 trainers reported problems with teaching consultation skills, most commonly lack of time, technical difficulties, and unreceptive registrars, and 97 (79%) trainers had had some postgraduate training in consultation skills with 112 (91%) reporting some form of teacher training. Conclusion There is considerable variation in the reported frequency of teaching consultation skills, the models used, and the preparation of trainers for teaching, despite a systematic approach to teacher training in the Yorkshire Deanery. [source] Rheumatoid arthritis, alcohol, leflunomide and methotrexate.MUSCULOSKELETAL CARE, Issue 4 2008Can changes to the BSR guidelines for leflunomide, methotrexate on alcohol consumption be justified? Introduction:,The summary of product characteristics for leflunomide and methotrexate recommend avoiding alcohol. By contrast, the latest British Society for Rheumatology (BSR) guidelines suggest that alcohol should be ,well within national limits'. A postal survey was performed of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to address their alcohol consumption, and assess whether this influenced any rise in alanine transaminase (ALT) levels while on leflunomide or methotrexate. Methods:,RA patients commenced on methotrexate or leflunomide within the preceding two years were identified using the departmental database. A total of 200 patients on methotrexate or leflunomide were sent questionnaires covering demographics, disease details, duration of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD) use, previous medical and drug history, alcohol advice recalled, and alcohol consumption while on the drug. ALT levels at drug commencement and the highest level on the drug were recorded. Results:,Replies were received from 69.5% of methotrexate and 57.5% of leflunomide patients. 68.6% of patients recalled receiving alcohol advice. 55.8% of leflunomide patients did not drink alcohol prior to taking the DMARD, compared with 39.4% of methotrexate patients. 27.7% of leflunomide patients continued to drink alcohol compared with 64.3% on methotrexate. For both drugs, no patterns emerged to suggest that baseline or highest ALT levels were influenced by higher levels of alcohol consumption. Discussion:,No differences were found with either methotrexate or leflunomide for self-reported alcohol consumption influencing ALT levels. It is appropriate to give similar alcohol advice to patients beginning therapy with either methotrexate or leflunomide. This research has not found any evidence to contradict the relaxation of advice on alcohol consumption with methotrexate and leflunomide in the updated BSR guidelines. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Reflections and Diffractions: Schlicht Replies to His CriticsAMERICAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND SOCIOLOGY, Issue 2 2002Ekkehart Schlicht This comment is part of a symposium on Ekkehart Schlicht, On Custom in the Economy (1998) [source] Nipple/Breast Stimulation and Sexual Arousal in Young Men and WomenTHE JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE, Issue 3 2006Roy Levin PhD ABSTRACT Introduction., The role of nipple/breast stimulation in influencing sexual arousal in men and women during lovemaking has only been the subject of opinion-based comment rather than evidence-based study. No attempt to question people about such sexual behavior has ever been undertaken. Aim., The study was designed to ascertain the effects of nipple/breast manipulation in young men and women on their sexual arousal. Methods., A short questionnaire about nipple/breast stimulation during sexual activity was administered to 301 (148 men; 153 women) sexually experienced undergraduates (age range 17,29 years, 95% between 18 and 22). Main Outcome Measures., Replies to questions in questionnaire. Results., The major findings in regard to the women were that 81.5% reported that stimulation of their nipples/breasts caused or enhanced their sexual arousal, 78.2% agreed that when sexually aroused such manipulation increased their arousal, 59.1% had asked to have their nipples stimulated during lovemaking, and only 7.2% found that the manipulation decreased their arousal. In regard to the men, 51.7% reported that nipple stimulation caused or enhanced their sexual arousal, 39% agreed that when sexually aroused such manipulation increased their arousal, only 17.1% had asked to have their nipples stimulated, and only 7.5% found that such stimulation decreased their arousal. Conclusion., Manipulation of the nipples/breasts causes or enhances sexual arousal in approximately 82% of young women and 52% of young men with only 7,8% reporting that it decreased their arousal. Levin R, and Meston C. Nipple/breast stimulation and sexual arousal in young men and women. J Sex Med 2006;3:450,454. [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||