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Reinterpretation
Selected AbstractsUSING AND ABANDONING ROUNDHOUSES: A REINTERPRETATION OF THE EVIDENCE FROM LATE BRONZE AGE,EARLY IRON AGE SOUTHERN ENGLANDOXFORD JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 2 2007LEO WEBLEY Summary. It has recently been demonstrated that a number of roundhouses of the early first millennium BC in southern England show a concentration of finds in the southern half of the building. It has thus been argued that this area was used for domestic activities such as food preparation, an idea which has formed the basis for discussion of later prehistoric ,cosmologies'. However, reconsideration of the evidence suggests that this finds patterning does not relate to the everyday use of the buildings, being more likely to derive from a particular set of house abandonment practices. Furthermore, evidence can be identified for the location of domestic activities within contemporary roundhouses that appears to contradict the established model. [source] Review article: What's new in early medieval burial archaeology?EARLY MEDIEVAL EUROPE, Issue 1 2002Tania M. Dickinson Books reviewed in this article: John Hines, Karen Høilund Nielsen and Frank Siegmund (eds), The Pace of Change. Studies in Early,Medieval Chronology. Catherine E. Karkov, Kelley M. Wickham,Crowley and Bailey K. Young (eds), Spaces of the Living and the Dead: An Archaeological Dialogue. Sam Lucy, The Early Anglo,Saxon Cemeteries of East Yorkshire. An Analysis and Reinterpretation. Elizabeth O'Brien, Post,Roman Britain to Anglo,Saxon England: Burial Practices Reviewed. Nick Stoodley, The Spindle and the Spear. A Critical Enquiry into the Construction and Meaning of Gender in the Early Anglo,Saxon Burial Rite. [source] Reinterpretation of streamflow trends based on shifts in large-scale atmospheric circulationHYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, Issue 18 2006Ming-ko Woo First page of article [source] Taking a Position: A Reinterpretation of the Theory of Planned BehaviourJOURNAL FOR THE THEORY OF SOCIAL BEHAVIOUR, Issue 2 2005ANDREW J. COOK This paper examines methodological issues associated with the theory of planned behaviour and explains that an alternative account of data used to support this theory can be provided by positioning theory. A case is presented that shows tests of the theory of planned behaviour fail to eliminate the possibility of alternative explanations for co-variation in its data. An agency or person-centered alternative shows how a causal interpretation can be reinterpreted as evidence of the actions of a person. Unlike the conceptualisation of the individual as behaving in keeping with postulated underlying cognitive laws or rules we assume that the person has, through socialisation, acquired the skills necessary to initiate and manage their own actions. Unlike the interest in TPB data as a causal explanation of action we draw attention to the interpretation of patterns in these data as an aggregate of each person using a common mode of explanation to justify and explain their intentions. [source] Neither Hybrid nor Unique: A Reinterpretation of the East Asian Welfare RegimeASIAN SOCIAL WORK AND POLICY REVIEW, Issue 3 2008Kyung-Zoon Hong Some researchers have been convinced that welfare developments in East Asia, especially Japan and Korea, can be fitted into the existing three worlds of welfare model, while others have insisted that existing welfare regime theories are not able to explain East Asian welfare regimes. This article assumes that we need to go beyond both of these traditional explanations. In the welfare state research fields, welfare regime approaches tend to focus on specific contextual conditions and cross-national differences. As a result, they tend to overemphasize history at the expense of theory. This article tries to combine deductive causal modeling with an institutional,historical context by identifying the contingent rent political game model and deducing important characteristics of East Asian welfare regime from this model. This model opens out the possibility of change in East Asian welfare regimes following the processes of democratization and globalization. Details of this are given in the conclusion. [source] On the electrodetection threshold of aquatic vertebrates with ampullary or mucous gland electroreceptor organsBIOLOGICAL REVIEWS, Issue 3 2007Rob C. Peters Abstract Reinterpretation of research on the electric sense in aquatic organisms with ampullary organs results in the following conclusions. The detection limit of limnic vertebrates with ampullary organs is 1 ,Vcm,1, and of marine fish is 20 nVcm,1. Angular movements are essential for stimulation of the ampullary system in uniform d.c. fields. Angular movements in the geomagnetic field also generate induction voltages, which exceed the 20 nVcm,1 limit in marine fish. As a result, marine electrosensitive fish are sensitive to motion in the geomagnetic field, whereas limnic fish are not. Angular swimming movements generate a.c. stimuli, which act like the noise in a stochastic resonance system, and result in a detection threshold in marine organisms as low as 1 nVcm,1. Fish in the benthic space are exposed to stronger electric stimuli than fish in the pelagic space. Benthic fish scan the orientation plane for the maximum potential difference with their raster of electroreceptor organs, in order to locate bioelectric prey. This behaviour explains why the detection threshold does not depend on fish size. Pelagic marine fish are mainly exposed to electric fields caused by movements in the geomagnetic field. The straight orientation courses found in certain shark species might indicate that the electric sense functions as a simple bisensor system. Symmetrical stimulation of the sensory raster would provide an easy way to keep a straight course with respect to a far-field stimulus. The same neural mechanism would be effective in the location of a bioelectric prey generating a near-field stimulus. The response criteria in conditioning experiments and in experiments with spontaneous reactions are discussed. [source] A linguistic interpretation of Welford's hijack hypothesisCORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2010Mark Brown Abstract This paper makes a linguistic reinterpretation of Welford's 1997 hijack hypothesis, arguing that the hijack of the discourse of the radical environment is simply a process of appropriation, i.e., the adoption of particular words in order to make use of them within the green corporations' own frames of experience. Results are presented from an empirical study using two large ,databases' of language. These are electronic collections of texts taken from British environmental organizations , the radical non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and UK corporations that wish to be environmentally friendly , green business. The results show that there are very marked differences in the physical contextualization of a selection of words which are used by both the radical NGOs and green business. The paper concludes by noting the need to take the analysis a stage further by comparing the usage of particular words by the two discourse communities. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] Opposing effects of competitive exclusion on the phylogenetic structure of communitiesECOLOGY LETTERS, Issue 9 2010Margaret M. Mayfield Ecology Letters (2010) 13: 1085,1093 Abstract Though many processes are involved in determining which species coexist and assemble into communities, competition is among the best studied. One hypothesis about competition's contribution to community assembly is that more closely related species are less likely to coexist. Though empirical evidence for this hypothesis is mixed, it remains a common assumption in certain phylogenetic approaches for inferring the effects of environmental filtering and competitive exclusion. Here, we relate modern coexistence theory to phylogenetic community assembly approaches to refine expectations for how species relatedness influences the outcome of competition. We argue that two types of species differences determine competitive exclusion with opposing effects on relatedness patterns. Importantly, this means that competition can sometimes eliminate more different and less related taxa, even when the traits underlying the relevant species differences are phylogenetically conserved. Our argument leads to a reinterpretation of the assembly processes inferred from community phylogenetic structure. [source] Farm to factory: a reinterpretation of the Soviet industrial revolutionECONOMIC HISTORY REVIEW, Issue 4 2004PETER GATRELL No abstract is available for this article. [source] Spectral karyotyping in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and a complex karyotype shows hidden aberrations, including recurrent overrepresentation of 21q, 11q, and 22qGENES, CHROMOSOMES AND CANCER, Issue 2 2002Krzysztof Mrózek We used spectral karyotyping (SKY) to study 29 adults with acute myeloid leukemia and a complex karyotype containing one to nine abnormalities that were not fully identifiable by G-banding. SKY showed the origin of rings and unidentified material in unbalanced translocations in all cases and the origin of markers in most, allowing reinterpretation of 136 aberrations and discovery of three aberrations hidden in normal chromosomes. SKY confirmed 10 and refined the interpretation of three balanced aberrations recognized by G-banding and identified another nine balanced aberrations, including a novel translocation involving the RUNX1 gene. Eleven of 32 deletions found by G-banding were shown to be cryptic translocations or insertions, including three of four chromosome 3 deletions, two of three del(7q), and two of 12 del(5q). Of the 92 chromosomes deemed lost entirely by G-banding, 63 (68%) were shown to be involved in structural aberrations. This was especially true for ,21 (eight of eight patients), ,5 (five of six patients), ,20 (seven of nine patients), and ,18 (six of 12 patients). Unexpectedly, SKY uncovered a hidden overrepresentation of segments from at least one chromosome in 21 patients. The most frequently overrepresented was 21q, found in eight patients, including four with high-level 21q amplification. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the RUNX1 gene was not the target of amplification in seven of these patients. Also frequently gained were 11q (in seven patients, including three with high-level MLL gene amplification) and 22q (in seven patients). We conclude that SKY considerably enhances the accuracy of karyotype interpretation, and that amplification of chromosomal material may play a greater role in leukemogenesis than has been recognized. © 2002 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Brecht's Pastiche History Play: Renaissance Drama and Modernist Theatre in Leben Eduards Des Zweiten Von EnglandGERMAN LIFE AND LETTERS, Issue 4 2003Bruce Gaston This article examines Brecht's Leben Eduards des Zweiten von England from the historical perspective of its first performances in 1924, paying particular attention to the status of Renaissance drama in Germany and the emerging Modernist movement. This approach runs counter to previous critical discussions which have been implicitly or explicitly comparative. The emphasis on Marlowe has led to a neglect of the many parallels in Eduard II. with works by Shakespeare, works that Brecht, like most educated Germans, would have known. An examination of attitudes to English Renaissance drama during the period leads to the conclusion that Eduard II. is not a criticism of its model, since minimal knowledge of Edward II meant that most of the audience were not in a position to compare the two plays. Rather, the play is a pastiche, a spurious Renaissance history play that emphasised the aspects of Renaissance drama that corresponded to the Modernist aesthetic paradigm, and that also reflected Brecht's own interests and preoccupations. In Eduard II. a Modernist reinterpretation of Renaissance theatre was put up in opposition to the orthodox view of Shakespeare, and thus embodied a challenge to the dominant theatrical tradition which had claimed Shakespeare as its own. [source] Desertification in the Sahel: a reinterpretation of a reinterpretationGLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY, Issue 7 2007STEPHEN D. PRINCE Abstract In semiarid regions the ratio of annual net primary production to precipitation, rain-use efficiency (RUE), has been used as an index of desertification. In a recent publication (Hein & de Ridder, 2006) it was proposed that an incorrect understanding of the relationship between RUE and rainfall has led to a misinterpretation of the satellite record of desertification in the African Sahel. Here, we examine this suggestion and show that, contrary to Hein and de Ridder's statement, satellite studies of Sahelian RUE have reported increases, decreases, and constant values since 1981. Furthermore, we find that data do not support their proposal that RUE increases with rainfall, even in nondegraded areas. Hence we reject their corollary, that constant RUE is prima facie evidence of desertification. The fundamental difficulty with the use of RUE for detection of desertification remains, that is the difficulty of estimation of the RUE for nondegraded land at a regional scale. [source] Influences of Aquifer Properties on Flow Dimensions in DolomitesGROUND WATER, Issue 5 2009Timotej Verbov The paper focuses on analyses and correlations of flow dimensions in different dolomite aquifers in Slovenia. Flow dimensions are obtained through the reinterpretation of 72 pumping tests with the generalized radial flow model, based on the fractional flow dimension. The average value of flow dimensions is 2.16 for all dolomites. A study of flow dimensions in individual aquifers categorized according to their lithological properties shows that higher dimensions occur in massive late-diagenetic Cordevolian and Anisian dolomites compared with bedded Main, Ba,a, and especially Lower Triassic dolomites, which contain a greater proportion of noncarbonate minerals. Partially penetrating wells have higher flow dimensions than fully penetrating wells. Flow dimensions are poorly correlated with hydraulic conductivities of fractures. When comparing the quantities of major dissolved minerals, obtained by hydrogeochemical inverse modeling, with the values of flow dimensions, the Cordevolian and Anisian dolomites are found to exhibit the highest values of both dissolved dolomite and flow dimensions, indicating that greater dissolution occurs at higher flow dimensions. For other aquifers, data points are more scattered and the correlation is mostly poor. When compared with three-dimensional fractal dimensions of fracture networks, there is no correlation with flow dimensions. However, almost all the values of flow dimensions are lower than the corresponding fractal dimensions in dolomites (average D= 2.77), possibly indicating the channeling of flow within the available space of the fracture networks, consequently reducing the flow dimensions. [source] A Scottish problem with castles*HISTORICAL RESEARCH, Issue 204 2006Charles McKean This article examines the cultural misinterpretations that followed from the Scottish nobles' fondness for adopting the title and martial appearance of castles for their Renaissance country seats. It examines the distortions and misunderstandings that led to the continuing presumption that Scotland did not participate in the European architectural Renaissance. Using contemporary sources, the buildings themselves and recent research, it offers a cultural explanation for the seemingly martial nature of Scottish architecture in terms of expressing rank and lineage, and proclaiming political allegiance. It suggests that a reinterpretation of such buildings as self-sustaining country seats can offer much to other social and cultural aspects of British history of that period. It concludes by suggesting that the architecture of the late seventeenth century, far from indicating a classicization or assimilation with England, represented the apogee of a confident national architecture. [source] Champions, adapters, consultants and synergists: the new change agents in HRMHUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT JOURNAL, Issue 3 2001Raymond Caldwell At the centre of many HRM approaches to organisational transformation and culture change is the concept of the personnel or HR professional as change agent. Storey highlighted the emerging significance of the 'changemaker' role in the UK almost a decade ago, and Ulrich has offered a powerful reinterpretation of the personnel function that affirms the significance of the HR change agent in championing competitiveness in many large US corporations. However, while the scope and influence of this role has often been questioned, the variety of forms it takes has not been satisfactorily addressed. The new survey findings and interview evidence from major UK companies presented here indicates that the change agent role has grown in significance and complexity. To partly capture these changes, a new four-fold typology of HR change agent roles is proposed: champions, adapters, consultants and synergists. [source] Corpus Meum: Disintegrating Bodies and the Ideal of IntegrityHYPATIA, Issue 3 2005DIANE PERPICH This essay shows that Jean-Luc Nancy's reconceptualization of corporeality in such texts as L'Intrus and Corpus can be an important ally to feminist theories of body. I introduce Nancy's ontology and argue that his rejection of the unified, integrated body of humanist discourses in favor of dis-integrated bodies constituted by multiple alterities and his consequent reinterpretation of body as a "being-exscribed" begin the task of thinking bodies beyond traditional dualisms and their ahistorical and rationalist frameworks. I then address three potential criticisms of Nancy's work and suggest that though there may be reasons to move cautiously in adopting the framework he provides, his work harbors resources directly beneficial to critiques of prevailing forms of gender normativity. Quel étrange moi! ,Jean-Luc Nancy, Corpus [source] Youth, community belonging, planning and powerJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY & APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2007Caterina Arcidiacono Abstract In order to explain people's action in the community to which they feel they belong (Arcidiacono, 2006; Brodsky, 2006; De Piccoli & Tartaglia, 2006), this study investigates the power perception in relation to the local community, based on two studies of Neapolitan youths. Both research projects, one with 101 participants and the other with 600 participants, looked at youth community belonging, respectively focusing on problems connected to youth unemployment, on related resources (Arcidiacono, Sommantico, & Procentese, 2001), and finally on youth planning of future actions in the community (Arcidiacono, Di Napoli, & Sarnacchiaro, submitted). A reinterpretation of the categories emerging from these studies was carried out, by first adopting the grounded theory methodology and subsequently the Prilleltensky (in press) approach of a greater conceptualization within the power frame. The classification undertaken suggests that the perception of a lack of youth power is closely linked to their expectations for the local community. A lack of individual and social power, rage and hopelessness is the core evidence among our interviewees. Powerlessness firstly denies empowerment, thus it is as if young people distance themselves from the context. The assumption of this perspective opens new paths through which promoting empowerment processes. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Communication and documentation of preliminary and final radiology reportsJOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE RISK MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2010Edward Monico MD, FACEP The "wet-read" consultation has been defined as a rapid response to a clinical question posed by a physician to a radiologist. These preliminary interpretations are often not well documented, have poor fidelity, and are subject to modifications and revisions. Moreover, preliminary interpretations may be subject to reinterpretation through a variety of scenarios. Recent technological advances in radiology have further hindered the ability to harmonize differences between preliminary and final interpretations and communicate these differences to treating physicians. High-fidelity simulation may represent a risk management strategy aimed at bridging the gap between radiology and communication technology. [source] Strategic Practices: An Activity Theory Perspective on Continuity and ChangeJOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES, Issue 1 2003Paula Jarzabkowski abstract This paper draws upon activity theory to analyse an empirical investigation of the micro practices of strategy in three UK universities. Activity theory provides a framework of four interactive components from which strategy emerges; the collective structures of the organization, the primary actors, in this research conceptualized as the top management team (TMT), the practical activities in which they interact and the strategic practices through which interaction is conducted. Using this framework, the paper focuses specifically on the formal strategic practices involved in direction setting, resource allocation, and monitoring and control. These strategic practices are associated with continuity of strategic activity in one case study but are involved in the reinterpretation and change of strategic activity in the other two cases. We model this finding into activity theory-based typologies of the cases that illustrate the way that practices either distribute shared interpretations or mediate between contested interpretations of strategic activity. The typologies explain the relationships between strategic practices and continuity and change of strategy as practice. The paper concludes by linking activity theory to wider change literatures to illustrate its potential as an integrative methodological framework for examining the subjective and emergent processes through which strategic activity is constructed. [source] Experimental deformation of partially melted granite revisited: implications for the continental crustJOURNAL OF METAMORPHIC GEOLOGY, Issue 1 2005C. L. ROSENBERG Abstract A review and reinterpretation of previous experimental data on the deformation of partially melted crustal rocks reveals that the relationship of aggregate strength to melt fraction is non-linear, even if plotted on a linear ordinate and abscissa. At melt fractions, , < 0.07, the dependence of aggregate strength on , is significantly greater than at , > 0.07. This melt fraction (, = 0.07) marks the transition from a significant increase in the proportion of melt-bearing grain boundaries up to this point to a minor increase thereafter. Therefore, we suggest that it is the increase of melt-interconnectivity that causes the dramatic strength drop between the solidus and a melt fraction of 0.07. We term this drop the ,melt connectivity transition' (MCT). A second, less-pronounced strength drop occurs at higher melt fractions and corresponds to the breakdown of the solid (crystal) framework. This is the ,solid-to-liquid transition' (SLT), corresponding to the well known ,rheologically critical melt percentage'. Although the strength drop at the SLT is about four orders of magnitude, the absolute value of this drop is small compared with the absolute strength of the unmelted aggregate, rendering the SLT invisible in a linear aggregate strength v. melt-fraction diagram. On the other hand, the more important MCT has been overlooked in previous work because experimental data usually are plotted in logarithmic strength v. melt-fraction diagrams, obscuring large strength drops at high absolute strength values. We propose that crustal-scale localization of deformation effectively coincides with the onset of melting, pre-empting attainment of the SLT in most geological settings. The SLT may be restricted to controlling flow localization within magmatic bodies, especially where melt accumulates. [source] Head structures of males of Strepsiptera (Hexapoda) with emphasis on basal splitting events within the orderJOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY, Issue 5 2006Rolf Georg Beutel Abstract Internal and external head structures of males of Strepsiptera were examined and the head of a species of Mengenilla is described in detail. The results suggest a reinterpretation of some structures. The head of basal extant strepsipterans is subprognathous, whereas it is strictly orthognathous in the groundplan of Strepsiptera s.l. The labrum and hypopharynx are not part of the mouthfield sclerite. The labial palps are absent in all strepsipterans. A very slightly modified mandibular articulation is preserved in Eoxenos, whereas it is distinctly reduced in other extant groups. A salivary duct, salivary glands, and a cephalic aorta are absent. The cladistic analysis of 44 characters of the head results in the following branching pattern: (Protoxenos + (Mengea + (Eoxenos + (Mengenilla [Austr.] + Mengenilla) + (Elenchus + Dundoxenos + Xenos + Stylops)))). Most apomorphies of males are associated with the necessity of finding females within a short time span and with a reduced necessity to consume food: large "raspberry" eyes, flabellate antennae with numerous dome-shaped chemoreceptors, Hofeneder's organ, an ovoid sensillum of the maxillary palp, and the simplified condition of the maxilla and the labium. Strepsiptera excl. Protoxenos are supported by the dorsomedian frontal impression, the dorsally shifted antennal insertions, a reduced number of antennal segments, absence of the galea, and probably by the presence of the mouthfield sclerite, which is a unique apomorphic feature. The balloon-gut combined with an unusual air-uptake apparatus is another possible autapomorphy of this clade. It is likely that the last common ancestor of Strepsiptera excl. Protoxenos did not process food. Strepsiptera s.str. are characterized by the strongly reduced condition of the labrum and the absence of the epistomal suture. Eoxenos is the sister group of the remaining Strepsiptera s.str. Synapomorphies of Mengenilla + Stylopidia are the advanced reduction of the mandibular articulation and the secondary absence of the ovoid sensillum. The monophyly of Mengenilla is confirmed, even though a small free labrum is present in Australian species. Derived features of Stylopidia are the absence of the coronal suture and the reduced condition of the frontal suture. Apomorphies that have evolved within Stylopidia are the membranization of parts of the head, the fusion of antennal segments, the increase or decrease of the number of flabellate flagellomeres, reductions and modifications of the mandibles, and modifications of the mouthfield sclerite. The monophyly of Stylopiformia is not unambiguously supported. A position of the mandibles posterior to the mouthfield sclerite (when adducted) is a possible synapomorphy shared by Xenos, Stylops, and other "higher Stylopidia." The blade-like distal part of the mandibles suggests a closer relationship of Elenchus with these taxa. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A dual extremum principle in thermodynamics ,AICHE JOURNAL, Issue 8 2007Alexander Mitsos Abstract Phase equilibria of multicomponent mixtures are considered and a reinterpretation of the Gibbs tangent plane stability criterion is proposed via Lagrangian duality. The starting point is the natural primal problem of minimizing the Gibbs free energy subject to material balance. The stable phase split is the solution of the corresponding dual problem, providing a necessary and sufficient dual extremum principle. Only in the absence of duality gap is the physical phase split also the solution of the primal problem. The only requirements are continuity of the Gibbs free energy and the trivial requirement that each species is present in the overall composition. The number of phases is permitted to be infinite, and does not need to be known a priori. No assumption is made on the presence of all species in all phases. Case studies are presented based on the NRTL and UNIQUAC activity coefficient model. © 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2007 [source] On (Not) "Coloring in the Outline"JOURNAL OF SOCIAL ISSUES, Issue 1 2003Linda C. Powell This article provides an overview and analysis of 10 studies on violence and injustice from the perspective of youth. These articles are contained in the issue of Journal of Social Issues entitled Youth Perspectives on Violence and Injustice and, in the articles, the authors offer a unique opportunity to go far beyond the current discursive terrains of youth and violence. Through a reinterpretation of what is conceptualized as normative, an expansion of the conceptualization of "youth" and an exploration of a broad range of topics, contexts and methods, the issue explores five provocative and significant critical themes. These themes are: methodology is critical; youth as subject, not object; gift and danger of a clinical approach; centrality of school? and at the intersection of social justice and development. The impact of popular culture on youth and violence and the importance of examining what adults value as "entertainment" are discussed also. [source] Phase Transformations in the High-Temperature Form of Pure and TiO2 -Stabilized Ta2O5JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY, Issue 9 2007Geoff L. Brennecka The high-temperature forms of undoped tantalum pentoxide (H-100Ta2O5) and TiO2,modified Ta2O5 (H-92Ta2O5,8TiO2) were investigated by in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements. Two unquenchable and reversible phase transformations were observed in pure H-Ta2O5, while only one was detected for TiO2 -stabilized H-Ta2O5. Diffraction studies were consistent with displasive transformations, but hot-stage Raman spectroscopy indicated the existence of transient intermediate forms during the transformations. Use of complementary techniques enabled the reinterpretation of phase transformations in light of a newly proposed crystal structure model for H-Ta2O5,1 and emphasized the structural contributions of the oxygen sublattice. [source] The frequency of compound chondrules and implications for chondrule formationMETEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE, Issue 4 2004Fred J. Ciesla Formulae to calculate the probability of detecting compound chondrules in thin sections are derived and applied to previous studies. This reinterpretation suggests that at least 5% of chondrules are compounds, a value that agrees well with studies in which whole chondrules were removed from meteorites. The observation that adhering compounds tend to have small contact arcs is strengthened by application of these formulae. While it has been observed that the secondaries of compound chondrules are usually smaller than their primaries, these same formulae suggest that this could be an observation bias. It is more likely than not that thin section analyses will identify compounds with secondaries that are smaller than their primaries. A new model for chondrule collisional evolution is also developed. From this model, it is inferred that chondrules would have formed, on average, in areas of the solar nebula that had solids concentrated at least 45 times over the canonical solar value. [source] HEIDEGGER AND TEILHARD DE CHARDIN: THE CONVERGENCE OF HISTORY AND FUTUREMODERN THEOLOGY, Issue 1 2008TODD S. MEI The intent of this essay is to place the thinking of Martin Heidegger and Pierre Teilhard de Chardin in dialogue with one another in order to thresh out the latent aspects of each thinker's work that are often seen to be problematic. I argue that Teilhard's discussion of unity that differentiates illuminates a positive teleology in Heidegger's notion of Appropriation, while Heidegger's conception of retrieval/repetition discloses the significance of historical reinterpretation in Teilhard's Christology. I therefore reply to accusations that Heidegger's philosophy succumbs to relativism and reduction into Being and that Teilhard neglects history in his treatment of Omega Point. [source] National identity and economic development: reiteration, recapture, reinterpretation and repudiation*NATIONS AND NATIONALISM, Issue 3 2003Ross Bond This article attempts to move beyond assumptions that nationalism is essentially cultural and/or narrowly political, and that it is primarily past-oriented and defensive. We do this by examining evidence relating to the creative (re)construction of the nation from a contemporary economic perspective. Paying particular attention to Scotland and Wales, we show that the mobilisation of national identity within this process of (re)construction is not exclusive to those who seek greater political autonomy. National identity is also mobilised, often in a ,banal' fashion, by non-political national institutions such as economic development agencies. We argue that, within the strategies and discourses of economic development, historic national characteristics are reconciled with contemporary needs and aspirations through four processes: reiteration, recapture, reinterpretation and repudiation. [source] Block factorized preconditioners for high-order accurate in time approximation of the Navier-Stokes equationsNUMERICAL METHODS FOR PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS, Issue 4 2003Alessandro Veneziani Computationally efficient solution methods for the unsteady Navier-Stokes incompressible equations are mandatory in real applications of fluid dynamics. A typical strategy to reduce the computational cost is to split the original problem into subproblems involving the separate computation of velocity and pressure. The splitting can be carried out either at a differential level, like in the Chorin-Temam scheme, or in an algebraic fashion, like in the algebraic reinterpretation of the Chorin-Temam method, or in the Yosida scheme (see 1 and 19). These fractional step schemes indeed provide effective methods of solution when dealing with first order accurate time discretizations. Their extension to high order time discretization schemes is not trivial. To this end, in the present work we focus our attention on the adoption of inexact algebraic factorizations as preconditioners of the original problem. We investigate their properties and show that some particular choices of the approximate factorization lead to very effective schemes. In particular, we prove that performing a small number of preconditioned iterations is enough to obtain a time accurate solution, irrespective of the dimension of the system at hand. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 19: 487,510, 2003 [source] Een-Gonyama Gonyama!: Zulu Origins of the Boy Scout Movement and the Africanisation of Imperial BritainPARLIAMENTARY HISTORY, Issue 1 2008TIMOTHY PARSONS British imperialists in the late 19th century denigrated non-western cultures in rationalising the partition of Africa, but they also had to assimilate African values and traditions to make the imperial system work. The partisans of empire also romanticised non-western cultures to convince the British public to support the imperial enterprise. In doing so, they introduced significant African and Asian elements into British popular culture, thereby refuting the assumption that the empire had little influence on the historical development of metropolitan Britain. Robert Baden-Powell conceived of the Boy Scout movement as a cure for the social instability and potential military weakness of Edwardian Britain. Influenced profoundly by his service as a colonial military officer, Africa loomed large in Baden-Powell's imagination. He was particularly taken with the Zulu. King Cetshwayo's crushing defeat of the British army at Isandhlawana in 1879 fixed their reputation as a ,martial tribe' in the imagination of the British public. Baden-Powell romanticised the Zulus' discipline, and courage, and adapted many of their cultural institutions to scouting. Baden-Powell's appropriation and reinterpretation of African culture illustrates the influence of subject peoples of the empire on metropolitan British politics and society. Scouting's romanticised trappings of African culture captured the imagination of tens of thousands of Edwardian boys and helped make Baden-Powell's organisation the premier uniformed youth movement in Britain. Although confident that they were superior to their African subjects, British politicians, educators, and social reformers agreed with Baden-Powell that ,tribal' Africans preserved many of the manly virtues that had been wiped by the industrial age. [source] Fixed- versus Variable-domain Interpretations of Tarski's Account of Logical ConsequencePHILOSOPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 9 2010Paolo Mancosu In this article I describe and evaluate the debate that surrounds the proper interpretation of Tarski's account of logical consequence given in his classic 1936 article ,On the concept of logical consequence'. In the late 1980s Etchemendy argued that the familiar model theoretic account of logical consequence is not to be found in Tarski's original article. Whereas the contemporary account of logical consequence is a variable-domain conception , in that it calls for a reinterpretation of the domain of variation of the quantifiers when evaluating logical consequence ,, no such reinterpretation is found in Tarski's original account, which was rather based on a ,fixed-domain' conception. Etchemendy's claims have sparked a debate on Tarski's conception of logical consequence with important contributions by, among others, Bach, Bays, Corcoran, Gómez-Torrente, Mancosu, Ray, Sagüillo, and Sher. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||