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Rapid Reversal (rapid + reversal)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	71%
Life Sciences	28%

Selected Abstracts

Rapid reversal of stress induced loss of synapses in CA3 of rat hippocampus following water maze training

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, Issue 11 2003
Carmen Sandi
Abstract The impact was examined of exposing rats to two life experiences of a very different nature (stress and learning) on synaptic structures in hippocampal area CA3. Rats were subjected to either (i) chronic restraint stress for 21 days, and/or (ii) spatial training in a Morris water maze. At the behavioural level, restraint stress induced an impairment of acquisition of the spatial response. Moreover, restraint stress and water maze training had contrasting impacts on CA3 synaptic morphometry. Chronic stress induced a loss of simple asymmetric synapses [those with an unperforated postsynaptic density (PSD)], whilst water maze learning reversed this effect, promoting a rapid recovery of stress-induced synaptic loss within 2,3 days following stress. In addition, in unstressed animals a correlation was found between learning efficiency and the density of synapses with an unperforated PSD: the better the performance in the water maze, the lower the synaptic density. Water maze training increased the number of perforated synapses (those with a segmented PSD) in CA3, both in stressed and, more notably, in unstressed rats. The distinct effects of stress and learning on CA3 synapses reported here provide a neuroanatomical basis for the reported divergent effects of these experiences on hippocampal synaptic activity, i.e. stress as a suppressor and learning as a promoter of synaptic plasticity. [source]

Rapid reversal of the chylomicronaemia syndrome with conservative management

INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL, Issue 10 2006
A.C.C Ting
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Rapid reversal of global left ventricular dysfunction after accidental injection of 0.75 mg epinephrine in a 20-year-old patient

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 7 2004
E. Meaudre
We report an accidental injection of epinephrine before spinal anaesthesia in a 20-year-old patient who subsequentely developed immediate myocardial ischemia and global left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction of 20%). Hemodynamic status dramatically improved after nitroglycerin, calcium antagonists, acetyl salicylic acid and unfractionated heparin injections. Over 24 h, patient's ejection fraction fully recovered without kinetic abnormality. [source]

Point-of-care reversal treatment in phenprocoumon-related intracerebral hemorrhage

ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 6 2010
Timolaos Rizos MD
Objective Rapid reversal of the anticoagulatory effect of vitamin K antagonists represents the primary emergency treatment for oral anticoagulant-related intracerebral hemorrhage (OAC-ICH). Predicting the amount of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) needed to reverse OAC in individual patients is difficult, and repeated international normalized ratio (INR) measurements in central laboratories (CLs) are time-consuming. Accuracy and effectiveness of point-of-care INR coagulometers (POCs) for INR reversal in OAC-ICH have not been evaluated. Methods In phase 1, the agreement of emergency POC and CL INR measurements was determined. In phase 2, stepwise OAC reversal was performed with PCC using a predetermined dosing schedule. Concordance of POC and CL INR measurements during reversal and time gain due to POC were determined. Results In phase 1 (n = 165), Bland-Altman analysis showed close agreement between POCs and CLs (mean INR deviation 0.04). In phase 2 (n = 26), POCs caused a median initial net time gain of 24 minutes for the start of treatment with PCC. Median time for POC-documented complete OAC reversal was 28 minutes, compared with 120 minutes for CLs. Bland-Altman analysis between POCs and CLs revealed a mean INR deviation of 0.13 during stepwise PCC administration. POCs tended to slightly overestimate the INR, especially at higher INR levels. Remarkably, POC-guided reversal led to a median reduction of 30.5% of PCC dose compared with the a priori dose calculation. Hematomas enlarged in 20% of patients. Interpretation POC INR monitoring is a fast, effective, and economic means of PCC dose-titration in OAC-ICH. Larger studies examining the clinical efficacy of this procedure are warranted. ANN NEUROL 2010;67:788,793 [source]

L -Carnitine in the treatment of HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome

HIV MEDICINE, Issue 1 2001
S Mauss
Summary The objective of this pilot study was to assess the effect of L -carnitine on the course of the HIV-associated lipodystrophy syndrome. Twelve patients presenting with combined atrophic and hypertrophic changes of body fat were treated with L -carnitine 1000 mg bid for 3 months. No marked improvement of the body changes was observed. However a reduction in serum cholesterol levels, but not triglycerides, was noted. These preliminary data do not support the use of L -carnitine for the rapid reversal of advanced fat tissue alterations due to HIV-associated lipodystrophy. [source]

Biomarkers of aging in Drosophila

AGING CELL, Issue 4 2010
Jake Jacobson
Summary Low environmental temperature and dietary restriction (DR) extend lifespan in diverse organisms. In the fruit fly Drosophila, switching flies between temperatures alters the rate at which mortality subsequently increases with age but does not reverse mortality rate. In contrast, DR acts acutely to lower mortality risk; flies switched between control feeding and DR show a rapid reversal of mortality rate. Dietary restriction thus does not slow accumulation of aging-related damage. Molecular species that track the effects of temperatures on mortality but are unaltered with switches in diet are therefore potential biomarkers of aging-related damage. However, molecular species that switch upon instigation or withdrawal of DR are thus potential biomarkers of mechanisms underlying risk of mortality, but not of aging-related damage. Using this approach, we assessed several commonly used biomarkers of aging-related damage. Accumulation of fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs) correlated strongly with mortality rate of flies at different temperatures but was independent of diet. Hence, fluorescent AGEs are biomarkers of aging-related damage in flies. In contrast, five oxidized and glycated protein adducts accumulated with age, but were reversible with both temperature and diet, and are therefore not markers either of acute risk of dying or of aging-related damage. Our approach provides a powerful method for identification of biomarkers of aging. [source]

Sugammadex in clinical practice

ANAESTHESIA, Issue 2009
R. K. Mirakhur
Summary The availability of sugammadex allows greater flexibility in the use of rocuronium and vecuronium during anaesthesia and surgery. The neuromuscular block induced by both drugs can be reversed from both superficial and deep levels of block by adjusting the dose of sugammadex. The dose of sugammadex for reversal of shallow block produced by these neuromuscular blocking drugs is approximately 2 mg.kg,1 and for deep block the dose is 4 mg.kg,1. A larger dose of sugammadex (16 mg.kg,1) administered 3 min after the neuromuscular blocking drug allows rapid reversal of a neuromuscular block induced by 1,1.2 mg.kg,1 of rocuronium, thereby raising the possibility of using rocuronium as a replacement for suxamethonium. The use of sugammadex has not been reported to be associated with recurrence of block provided a dose that is adequate for reversal has been used. Sugammadex appears to have an acceptable safety profile. There are no requirements for dose adjustment for age or the use of potent volatile anaesthetic agents. [source]