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Random Sampling Method (random + sampling_method)
Selected AbstractsPrevalence of social phobia and its comorbidity with psychiatric disorders in IranDEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, Issue 7 2006Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi M.D. Abstract This study explored the prevalence of social phobia (SP) in the general population of Iran, the sociodemographic characteristics of subjects with SP, and its comorbidity with the other lifetime psychiatric disorders. Our study was part of the nationwide study on the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Iran. Overall, 25,180 Iranian subjects, age 18 years and over, from urban and rural areas of Iran were selected by a clustered random sampling method and interviewed face-to-face by 250 trained clinical psychologists using DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. Out of 12,398,235 households, 7,795 households in the form of 1,559 clusters of five households were selected. The statistical framework was based on the household lists available from the Department of Health in the provinces. The response rate was 90%. The lifetime prevalence of SP was 0.82%. The rate was 0.4% in males and 1.3% in females. The rate was higher in younger age groups and widows/widowers. It was not related to educational level and residential area. Specific phobia (66.7%), obsessive,compulsive disorder (17.4%), major depressive disorder (15%), and panic disorder (12.1%) were the most common lifetime psychiatric disorders among subjects with SP. The rate of SP in Iran is more similar to that in other Asian countries, and it is lower than that in Western countries. The rate of other psychiatric disorders among subjects with SP is more than that in the general population, and the most common psychiatric disorders were the other anxiety disorders and major depressive disorder. Depression and Anxiety 23:405,411, 2006 © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Barriers to, and facilitators of, research utilisation: a survey of Hong Kong registered nursesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EVIDENCE BASED HEALTHCARE, Issue 2 2006David R Thompson RN BSc MA PhD MBA FRCN FESC Abstract Aim, Despite increasing efforts to promote the utilisation of research in daily nursing practice it is apparent that there are a number of obstacles to address. This paper reports a study to examine the barriers to, and facilitators of, research utilisation among registered nurses in Hong Kong. Methods, A survey design and a random sampling method was used. The final sample consisted of 1487 registered nurses working in private and public health-care sectors in Hong Kong. A bilingual version of the Research Utilisation Questionnaire, comprising a 31-item barriers scale, and an 8-item facilitators scale was used. The instrument was mailed to participants who were asked to return the completed questionnaire by mail. Results, The highest ranking barriers to research utilisation reported by respondents were related mainly to organisational factors with regards to inadequate facilities, no authority to change procedures, and time constraints. Hong Kong nurses, however, did not appear to see any problem with regards to items related to characteristics of research, such as conclusions drawn from research being justified, research articles not being published fast enough, and literature reporting conflicting results. This indicates that nurses are aware of research developments in nursing and can critically analyse research reports. With regards to facilitators of research utilisation, respondents agreed that managerial and peer support are the greatest facilitators. Conclusions, The results indicate that factors influencing research utilisation are multidimensional and should be taken into account by all involved in the research enterprise: researchers, practitioners, educators, managers and policy-makers. The results of this study provide directions on how to assist nurses in Hong Kong in their efforts to utilise research. [source] Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses in Macao: instrument validationJOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING, Issue 4 2009Ming Liu Abstract Title.,Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses in Macao: instrument validation. Aim., This paper is a report of a study to test the reliability and construct validity of the Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses. Background., A reliable competency assessment tool is a basic yardstick to assist in assessing the generic competencies of nurses and to evaluate the outcome of various education programmes. The Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses was developed in mainland China. Confirmatory evidence is needed to support its proposed structure, and to further estimate its psychometric properties. Methods., A quantitative descriptive design and stratum random sampling method were used to recruit 533 Registered Nurses in Macao in 2007. Internal consistency reliability and stability were estimated by Cronbach's , and paired t-test, respectively. Confirmatory factor analysis was employed to test the construct validity of the instrument. Results., Internal consistency Cronbach's , was 0·908 for the overall scale and 0·718,0·903 for subscales. The factor loading value across 55 items ranged from 0·310 to 0·725. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model exhibited acceptable goodness-of-fit statistic indices. The 7-factor structure of the Competency Inventory for Registered Nurses, with 55 items included after deletion of three low loading items, was confirmed. Conclusion., The model of Registered Nurses' competency was confirmed. As the instrument was initially developed in mainland China and successfully validated in this group, it is suggested that this instrument also has the potential for cross-cultural application. [source] Dental Service Utilization among Urban and Rural Older Adults in China , A Brief CommunicationJOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2007Bei Wu PhD Abstract Objectives: China's health care system is bifurcated in nature between rural and urban areas. In addition, there is a huge gap in socioeconomic status between rural and urban residents. The purpose of the study was to examine the factors related to dental visits among elders in rural and urban areas of Shanghai, China. Methods: Using a stratified random sampling method, a cross-sectional, face-to-face survey was conducted among elders aged 60 years and above in Shanghai during 2003-04. A total of 1,044 older respondents were included in the sample. Results: There was a significant urban and rural difference in dental visit rates over the 12-month period of the study. Results from the logistic regression analysis suggested that residing in urban areas was a significant positive factor related to dental visits. In addition, being younger, being able to pay out-of-pocket medical expenses, having had regular medical checkups, having a higher number of limitations because of chronic conditions, and being more concerned about eating a healthy diet were associated with increased odds of dental visits. Conclusions: Results suggest that urban,rural differences, as reflected in the socioeconomic status gap, disparity in medical insurance coverage, and access to dental care, have a significant impact on the use of dental services by Chinese elders. Individual sociodemographic characteristics, health status, and health attitude are important explanatory variables. [source] | ||||||||||