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Radioiodine Treatment (radioiodine + treatment)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Radioiodine treatment for benign thyroid diseases

CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY, Issue 6 2007
Anthony P. Weetman
Summary Radioiodine has been in use for over 60 years as a treatment for hyperthyroidism. Major changes in clinical practice have occurred with the realization that accurate dosimetry is incapable of avoiding the risks of hypothyroidism, while more accurate assessment of the risks of other adverse effects of radioiodine such as ophthalmopathy and carcinogenesis have become available. More is also known of the potential for pretreatment with an antithyroid drug to affect the outcome of radioiodine treatment. However, we are still uncertain of the benefits of radioiodine treatment in subclinical hyperthyroidism. During the last two decades there has been wider acceptance of radioiodine as a safe and effective therapy for benign, nontoxic goitre, coupled with waning enthusiasm for the use of levothyroxine, as the risks and benefits of this option have become more apparent. The use of recombinant TSH offers the prospect that radioiodine treatment of nontoxic goitre can be simplified and improved, although more studies of this strategy are urgently required. [source]

Follicular thyroid carcinoma: metastasis to the sternum, 13 years after total thyroidectomy

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 11 2006
A. EROGLU
Summary Primary and metastatic malignancies of the sternum are uncommon. Secondary lesions to the sternum occur more commonly in patients with lung and breast cancer, and only a few cases of sternal metastasis arising from a follicular thyroid carcinoma have been reported in the literature. Rarely, metastases to the sternum present in the guise of primary sternal tumours may be treated surgically with that diagnosis in mind. We describe a case of a sternal mass treated by radical surgery, which ultimately proved to be a solitary metastasis from a follicular carcinoma of the thyroid, appearing 13 years after total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine therapy. Late metastatic thyroid carcinoma to the sternum should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of sternal lesions. For patients with thyroid carcinoma and sternal metastasis, we recommend surgical resection of the metastasis, not only as a curative or palliative measure but also to maximise the effect of subsequent radioiodine treatment. [source]

Plasma Clearance of Exogenous Creatinine, Exo-Iohexol, and Endo-Iohexol in Hyperthyroid Cats before and after Treatment with Radioiodine

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2008
I. Van Hoek
Background: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be measured by clearance methods of different markers showing discrepancies and different reproducibility in healthy cats. Studies comparing different methods of GFR measurement in hyperthyroid cats have not yet been performed. Hypothesis: Plasma clearance of exogenous creatinine (PECCT), exo-iohexol (PexICT), and endo-iohexol (PenICT) could lead to differences in GFR measurement and the need to use the same clearance method when comparing GFR before and after radioiodine treatment in hyperthyroid cats. Animals: Fifteen client-owned hyperthyroid cats. Methods: GFR was measured 1 day before and 1, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after treatment. Intravenous injection of iohexol was followed immediately by IV injection of creatinine. Plasma creatinine was measured by an enzymatic method. Plasma endo- and exo-iohexol were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ultraviolet detection. Results: Globally, the 3 GFR methods resulted in significantly different (P < .001) GFR results. GFR results among the different methods were the same (P= .999) at all time points. All 3 techniques indicated decreasing GFR after 131I treatment. For each GFR technique, a significant decrease in GFR was observed between time point 0 and all other time points. This decrease stabilized 4 weeks after treatment, with very little decline afterward. Conclusion and Clinical Importance: It is mandatory to use the same GFR technique in follow-up studies. GFR testing at 4 weeks posttreatment could allow assessment of the final renal functional loss after treatment in hyperthyroid cats. [source]

Increased cancer incidence after radioiodine treatment for hyperthyroidism

CANCER, Issue 10 2007
Saara Metso MD
Abstract BACKGROUND. Concerns remain about risk of cancer after radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment for hyperthyroidism, especially in organs that concentrate iodine. The objective was to assess the long-term cancer risk from RAI treatment for hyperthyroidism. METHODS. A total of 2793 hyperthyroid patients treated with RAI at Tampere University Hospital between 1965 and 2002, and 2793 age- and sex-matched reference subjects were followed for an average of 10 years through the Finnish Cancer Registry. RESULTS. Cancer incidence among hyperthyroid patients treated with RAI was higher than in the population-based control group (118.9 vs 94.9 per 10,000 person-years, rate ratio [RR], 1.25; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08,1.46). Furthermore, incidence of stomach (RR, 1.75, 95% CI: 1.00,3.14), kidney (RR, 2.32; 95% CI: 1.06,5.09), and breast (RR, 1.53; 95% CI: 1.07,2.19) cancer was increased among RAI-treated patients. The relative risk of cancer increased with higher RAI dose administered. The increase in cancer incidence was statistically significant in patients treated at the age of 50,59 (RR, 1.44; 95% CI: 1.05,1.97) or older than 70 years (RR, 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05,1.82). There was a 5-year latent period after the RAI treatment before the cancer incidence began to differ between the RAI-treated hyperthyroid patients and the control group. CONCLUSIONS. Cancer incidence, especially cancer of the stomach, kidney, and breast, was higher in patients treated with RAI for hyperthyroidism. Cancer 2007. © 2007 American Cancer Society. [source]