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Pump Technology (pump + technology)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Development of Rotary Blood Pump Technology: Past, Present, and Future

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 6 2000
Yukihiko Nosé
Abstract: Even though clinical acceptance of a nonpulsatile blood flow was demonstrated almost 45 years ago, the development of a nonpulsatile blood pump was completely ignored until 20 years ago. In 1979, the first author's group demonstrated that completely pulseless animals did not exhibit any abnormal physiology if 20% higher blood flows were provided to them. However, during the next 10 years (1979,1988), minimum efforts were provided for the development of a nonpulsatile, permanently implantable cardiac prosthesis. In 1989, the first author and his team at Baylor College of Medicine initiated a developmental strategy of various types of nonpulsatile rotary blood pumps, including a 2-day rotary blood pump for cardiopulmonary bypass application, a 2 week pump for ECMO and short-term circulatory assistance, a 2 year pump as a bridge to transplantation, and a permanently implantable cardiac prosthesis. Following the design and developmental strategy established in 1989, successful development of a 2-day pump (the Nikkiso-Fairway cardiopulmonary bypass pump) in 4 years (1989,1993), a 2 week pump (Kyocera gyro G1E3 pump) in 6 years (1992,1998), and a bridge to transplant pump (DeBakey LVAD,an axial flow blood pump) in 10 years (1988,1998) was made. Currently, a permanently implantable centrifugal blood pump development program is successfully completing its initial Phase 1 program of 5 years (1995,2000). Implantation exceeded 9 months without any negative findings. An additional 5 year Phase II program (2000,2005) is expected to complete such a device that will be clinically available. [source]

State of the Art Pump Technology for Reverse Osmosis Systems

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY (CET), Issue 1 2003
R. Schmitz
The industrial significance of diaphragm processes in mass separation is ever increasing; this is particularly true for the use of reverse osmosis (RO) and related methods. Decisive factors for the economy of RO processes, and thus for the future of this technology, are the reliability and energy consumption of the high-pressure pumps involved. Current pump developments reflect clear progress in this field. [source]

Diabetes management in the new millennium using insulin pump therapy

DIABETES/METABOLISM: RESEARCH AND REVIEWS, Issue S1 2002
Bruce W. Bode
Abstract Current goals of therapy of type 1 and 2 diabetes are to achieve near normal glycemia, minimize the risk of severe hypoglycemia, limit excessive weight gain, improve quality of life and delay or prevent late vascular complications. As discussed in this review, insulin pump or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy provides a treatment option that can dramatically aid in achieving all of these goals. In comparison to multiple daily injections (MDI), CSII uses only rapid-acting insulin, provides greater flexibility in timing of meals and snacks, has programmable basal rates to optimize overnight glycemic control, can reduce the risk of exercise-induced hypoglycemia, and enhances patients' ability to control their own diabetes. Most important, in adults and adolescents with type 1 diabetes, CSII has been shown to lower HbA1c levels, reduce the frequency of severe hypoglycemia and limit excessive weight gain versus MDI without increasing the risk of diabetic ketoacidosis. Similarly positive results are being seen with CSII in adults with type 2 diabetes. The effectiveness of CSII and improvements in pump technology have fueled a dramatic increase in the use of this therapy. Practical guidelines are presented for selection of patients, initiation of treatment, patient education, follow-up assessments and troubleshooting. The recent introduction of methods for continuous glucose monitoring provides a new means to optimize the basal and bolus capabilities of CSII and offers the hope of the development of a feedback-controlled artificial pancreas. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Laser plasma EUV sources for Lithography , Diode pump technology offers new applications

LASER TECHNIK JOURNAL, Issue 2 2005
Martin Richardson
The study of high-temperature plasmas produced by pulsed laser systems has for a long time been associated with esoteric applications such as laser fusion, x-ray lasers, space propulsion and the like. There are several reasons for this, but one practical reason was simply that the lasers required to produce these plasmas were large, unwieldy and generally singleshot devices (at least minutes between shots). This technology did not lend itself towards applications that were compact, reproducible and potentially automated. However, this is now no longer the case. High-power diode pump technology has transformed the architecture of solid state lasers, reducing by many factors the required thermal dissipation, and therefore allowing higher repetition rates. Coupled with more compact designs and reduced costs, commercial applications of high-power pulsed lasers, and even laserproduced plasmas are now emerging. Chief among the applications of laser plasmas is now its potential as a light source for what is now called Extreme UV Lithography, or EUVL. [source]

Physiologic Benefits of Pulsatile Perfusion During Mechanical Circulatory Support for the Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure in Adults

ARTIFICIAL ORGANS, Issue 7 2010
Yulong Guan
Abstract A growing population experiencing heart failure (100 000 patients/year), combined with a shortage of donor organs (less than 2200 hearts/year), has led to increased and expanded use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. MCS devices have successfully improved clinical outcomes, which are comparable with heart transplantation and result in better 1-year survival than optimal medical management therapies. The quality of perfusion provided during MCS therapy may play an important role in patient outcomes. Despite demonstrated physiologic benefits of pulsatile perfusion, continued use or development of pulsatile MCS devices has been widely abandoned in favor of continuous flow pumps owing to the large size and adverse risks events in the former class, which pose issues of thrombogenic surfaces, percutaneous lead infection, and durability. Next-generation MCS device development should ideally implement designs that offer the benefits of rotary pump technology while providing the physiologic benefits of pulsatile end-organ perfusion. [source]