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Pulmonary Hemorrhage (pulmonary + hemorrhage)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Alveolar Macrophage Graded Hemosiderin Score from Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Horses with Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage and Controls

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 3 2002
Michele Y. Doucet
The objective of this study was to determine if a quantitative scoring system for evaluation of hemosiderin content of alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalevolar lavage provides a more sensitive test for the detection of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) in horses than does endoscopy of the lower airways. A sample population composed of 74 Standardbred racehorses aged 2,5 years was used. Horses were grouped as either control (EIPH-negative) or EIPH-positive based on history and repeated postexertional endoscopic evaluation of the bronchial airways. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and cytocen-trifuge slides were stained with Perl's Prussian blue. Alveolar macrophages were scored for hemosiderin content by a method described by Golde and associates to obtain the total hemosiderin score (THS). Test performance criteria were determined with a contingency table. All subjects had some degree of hemosiderin in the alveolar macrophages, regardless of group. The distribution of cells among the different grades followed a significantly different pattern for the control group versus horses with EIPH (P < .05). When using a THS of 75 as a cutoff point, the THS test was found to have a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 88%. The level of agreement beyond chance, between the EIPH status and the THS test result was very good (Cohen's kappa = 74%). The conclusion was made that careful assessment and scoring of alveolar macrophages for hemosiderin by means of the Golde scoring system shows promise as a more sensitive approach than repeated postexertional endoscopy alone to detect EIPH. [source]

Pulmonary hemorrhage/hemoptysis in children

PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 6 2004
Simon Godfrey MD
Abstract Pulmonary hemorrhage and hemoptysis are uncommon in childhood, and the frequency with which they are encountered by the pediatric pulmonologist depends largely on the special interests of the center to which the child is referred. In those centers caring for children with cystic fibrosis or congenital heart disease, these will be by far the most common causes of hemoptysis. Other causes of hemoptysis are far less common, such as bleeding from localized lesions in the upper airway or tracheobronchial tree. Even less common is bleeding into the lungs as part of a systemic disease, usually with renal involvement (pulmonary-renal syndromes), such as systemic lupus erythematosis or Goodpasture's syndrome. Bleeding into the lungs in children with a bleeding diathesis probably only occurs in immunosuppressed children after transplantation. When no other cause is found for pulmonary hemorrhage, the presumed diagnosis is idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. This review discusses the various causes of hemoptysis and pulmonary hemorrhage, and the appropriate investigations to aid in determining the correct diagnosis. The management and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, based on cumulative experience from published reports, are considered in more detail. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004; 37:476,484. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Alveolar Macrophage Graded Hemosiderin Score from Bronchoalveolar Lavage in Horses with Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage and Controls

JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 3 2002
Michele Y. Doucet
The objective of this study was to determine if a quantitative scoring system for evaluation of hemosiderin content of alveolar macrophages obtained by bronchoalevolar lavage provides a more sensitive test for the detection of exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) in horses than does endoscopy of the lower airways. A sample population composed of 74 Standardbred racehorses aged 2,5 years was used. Horses were grouped as either control (EIPH-negative) or EIPH-positive based on history and repeated postexertional endoscopic evaluation of the bronchial airways. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed and cytocen-trifuge slides were stained with Perl's Prussian blue. Alveolar macrophages were scored for hemosiderin content by a method described by Golde and associates to obtain the total hemosiderin score (THS). Test performance criteria were determined with a contingency table. All subjects had some degree of hemosiderin in the alveolar macrophages, regardless of group. The distribution of cells among the different grades followed a significantly different pattern for the control group versus horses with EIPH (P < .05). When using a THS of 75 as a cutoff point, the THS test was found to have a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 88%. The level of agreement beyond chance, between the EIPH status and the THS test result was very good (Cohen's kappa = 74%). The conclusion was made that careful assessment and scoring of alveolar macrophages for hemosiderin by means of the Golde scoring system shows promise as a more sensitive approach than repeated postexertional endoscopy alone to detect EIPH. [source]

Catamenial hemoptysis from endobronchial endometriosis in a child with type 1 von Willebrand disease

PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 4 2007
Baldassarre Martire MD
Abstract Catamenial hemoptysis is a rare condition characterized by cyclic pulmonary hemorrhage, synchronous with menses and associated with the presence of intrapulmonary or endobronchial endometrial tissue. Because of the paucity of cases reported in the literature, information regarding the natural history is limited and also the optimal diagnostic workup and management of these patients are not well defined. In this report, we present a case of endobronchial endometriosis in a 12-year-old female diagnosed by bronchoscopy and immunocytochemical assay, associated with type 1 von Willebrand disease. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007; 42:386,388. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Pulmonary hemorrhage/hemoptysis in children

PEDIATRIC PULMONOLOGY, Issue 6 2004
Simon Godfrey MD
Abstract Pulmonary hemorrhage and hemoptysis are uncommon in childhood, and the frequency with which they are encountered by the pediatric pulmonologist depends largely on the special interests of the center to which the child is referred. In those centers caring for children with cystic fibrosis or congenital heart disease, these will be by far the most common causes of hemoptysis. Other causes of hemoptysis are far less common, such as bleeding from localized lesions in the upper airway or tracheobronchial tree. Even less common is bleeding into the lungs as part of a systemic disease, usually with renal involvement (pulmonary-renal syndromes), such as systemic lupus erythematosis or Goodpasture's syndrome. Bleeding into the lungs in children with a bleeding diathesis probably only occurs in immunosuppressed children after transplantation. When no other cause is found for pulmonary hemorrhage, the presumed diagnosis is idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. This review discusses the various causes of hemoptysis and pulmonary hemorrhage, and the appropriate investigations to aid in determining the correct diagnosis. The management and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, based on cumulative experience from published reports, are considered in more detail. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004; 37:476,484. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Respiratory diseases caused by occupational exposure to 1,5-naphthalene-diisocyanate (NDI): Results of workplace-related challenge tests and antibody analyses

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2001
X. Baur
Abstract Background 1,5-naphthalene-diisocyanate (NDI) is an aromatic diisocyanate with a very low vapor pressure which is mainly used in the automotive industry. Methods In the present study we described five cases with workplace-related asthma and one case with extrinsic allergic alveolitis associated with pulmonary hemorrhage after NDI exposure. Results Corresponding to case histories, extrinsic alveolitis on asthmatic reactions in three subjects and a rhinitis reaction in one patient could be reproduced by inhalative challenge tests to NDI at a concentration of 10 ppb. Preliminary IgE and IgG antibody analyses in patients' sera did not produce significantly positive results. Conclusions According to the outcome of our tests and in comparison with several other studies, we conclude that NDI should be classified as potent airway-sensitizing substance. Improved workplace conditions and decrease in threshold limit values should therefore be recommended. Am. J. Ind. Med. 39:369,372, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]