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Psychiatric Literature (psychiatric + literature)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences75%

Selected Abstracts

Problematic internet use: Proposed classification and diagnostic criteria

DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, Issue 4 2003
Nathan A. Shapira M.D., Ph.D.
Abstract Since the mid-1990s, there have been frequent reports of individuals whose use of the computer and internet is problematic. Given the recent expansion and the expected increase in internet availability and usage in the coming years, it is important that healthcare professionals be informed about this behavior and its associated problems. Recently, psychological and psychiatric literature has described individuals that exhibit problematic internet use who often suffer from other psychiatric disorders. In the face of this comorbidity, it is essential to evaluate whether these individuals represent a distinct class of disorder, or a manifestation/coping mechanism related to other underlying diagnosis. In either event, problematic internet use negatively impacts social and emotional functioning. Based on the current limited empirical evidence, problematic internet use may best be classified as an impulse control disorder. It is therefore imperative that problematic internet use be appropriately identified among symptomatic individuals. For these reasons, we propose specific diagnostic criteria that will allow for consistent identification and assist in further study of this behavior. Depression and Anxiety 17:207,216, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Seclusion and Restraint of Children: A Literature Review

JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING, Issue 4 2000
John Julian Allen BSN
TOPIC. Nurses' attitudes toward the use of seclusion and restraint with children. PURPOSE. To review recent literature concerning these controversial interventions, and to examine possible alternative therapeutic interventions. SOURCES. Selected published nursing and psychiatric literature 1987 to 1998. CONCLUSIONS. Staff have a positive attitude toward the use of seclusion and restraint. A theory of pozoer and control may explain their use when many alternative, less restrictive interventions are available. [source]

Assessment of psychiatric patients' competency to give informed consent: Legal safeguard of civil right to autonomous decision-making

PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 5 2000
Toshinori Kitamura FRCPSYCH
Abstract Amendment of the Mental Health and Welfare Law in Japan will limit admission for medical care and protection only for those individuals who are incapable of giving consent to admission. This is a first in the history of the Japanese mental health legislation. By reviewing the law and psychiatric literature, it is argued that: (i) informed consent is a legal transaction that embodies the idea of an individual's right to autonomous decision-making in medical settings; (ii) health professionals have a duty to protect those individuals who cannot decide medical matters because of lack of capacity to do so; (iii) some patients are marginally incompetent so assessment of their competency is essential in protecting patients' civil rights; (iv) in order for a competency assessment to be reliable (and hence fair) the method should be psychometrically sound; (v) at the same time, in order for a competency assessment to be valid, the structure of a competency assessment should match the patient's psychological, cultural, and social background; and (vi) because informed consent is a process rather than a cross-sectional event, a competency assessment should be performed in everyday practice. The use of a brief and semistructured interview to assess patients' competency to give informed consent may meet all of the requirements described. [source]

A neuropsychiatric developmental model of serial homicidal behavior,

BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW, Issue 6 2004
J. Arturo Silva M.D.
Serial sexual homicide has been the object of intensive study from forensic psychiatric, criminological, developmental, and sociological perspectives. In contradistinction to these approaches, neuropsychiatric concepts and methods have received relatively little attention in this area. In this article we adopt a neuropsychiatric developmental perspective and undertake a review of the psychiatric literature on violence and autism spectrum disorders. Our analysis of this literature suggests the presence of an association between autism spectrum psychopathology and serial homicidal behavior. Recommendations for further research to help clarify the nature of this association are briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]