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Proteus Vulgaris (proteus + vulgari)
Selected AbstractsRole of the complement-lectin pathway in anaphylactoid reaction induced with lipopolysaccharide in miceEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 10 2003wierzko Abstract We show that Proteus vulgaris,O25 (PO25) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced an anaphylactoid reaction not only in wild-type and in lipid,A non-responding mice but also in recombinase-activating gene-2-deficient (RAG-2,/,) and in mast cell-deficient (W/Wv) animals. Western blot analysis indicated that PO25 LPS bound to Ra-reactive factor (RaRF), the complex of mannan-binding lectins (MBL) and MBL-associated serine proteases. Binding of RaRF to PO25 LPS led to the activation of C4 component without participation of either C1 or Ig, via the lectin pathway. Relative concentration of RaRF and hemolytic activity in mouse serum decreased rapidly during the process of anaphylactoid reaction. A significant drop of MBL-A, but not MBL-C level was observed. Administrationwith antiserum to RaRF prevented animals from death as a consequence of the inhibition of interaction of RaRF with the carbohydrate target and complement activation. These results indicate that complement-lectin pathway activation is responsible for the anaphylactoid reaction induced with LPS in muramyldipeptide-primed mice. RaRF also activated fibrinogen in vitro suggesting the involvement of the coagulation system in the process investigated. [source] GROWTH AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE HISTAMINE-FORMING BACTERIA OF JACK MACKEREL (TRACHURUS SYMMETRICUS)JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION, Issue 6 2003ALINA BERMEJO ABSTRACT Consumption of fish with high histamine poses health hazards. The isolation, identification and viable counts of the histamine-forming bacteria from jack mackerel in batch cultures in trypticase soy broth with 2 % histidine at 25, 15 and 5C were performed. Proteus vulgaris, Aeromonas hydrophila and Photobacterium damsela were the most histamine producing population. The community had a maximal specific growth rate (,max) of 0.304, 0.217 and 0.048 h,1 at 25, 15 and 5C, respectively. Mulchandani's model, with an exponential value of 5.21, predicted bacterial growth. Histamine production was proportional to growth rate; proportionality coefficients were 1.987, 0.436 and 1.439 and the community's maximal spefic rates for histamine production were 0.604, 0.095 and 0.068 [g histamine (g dry cells h),1] af 25, 15 and SC, respectively. Lesser histamine production at 15C needs further investigation in whole fish, as it is a relevant result forfish handling. [source] MICROBIOLOGICAL AND PATHOGENIC CONTAMINANTS OF SEAFOOD IN GREECEJOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY, Issue 1 2007C. PAPADOPOULOU ABSTRACT A total of 360 samples, including 105 marine fish, 25 prawns, 50 squid, 50 octopus, 30 mussels and 100 freshwater fish were examined microbiologically for the presence of microorganisms potentially pathogenic. All samples were examined following standard microbiological procedures. The isolated microorganisms were: Aeromonas hydrophilia (38,93%), Klebsiella ozonae (1,40%), Escherichia coli (14,87%), Yersinia enterocolitica (0,40%), Hafnia alvei (0,36.6%), Enterobacter agglomerans (0,42%), Citrobacter freundii (0,46%), Proteus vulgaris (15,80%), Proteus mirabilis (7,82%), Morganella morganii (0,30%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (0,34%), Pseudomonas putida (0,6%), Plesiomonas shigelloides (0,4%), Listeria innocua (1,3.3%), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (0,2%), Clostridium perfringens (0,1%), Staphylococcus aureus (0,80%) and Candida quillermondi (0,1%), Candida albicans (0,1%), Penicillium oxalicum (0,1%) and Penicillium italicum (0,12%). [source] Antibacterial activities and total phenolic contents of grape pomace extractsJOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE, Issue 14 2004Gülcan Özkan Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic contents and antibacterial effects of grape pomace extracts (cultivars Emir and Kalecik karasi) against 14 bacteria, and the effects of the extracts on the growth and survival of two of the bacteria during storage. The total phenolic contents of grape pomace of Emir and Kalecik karasi cultivars extracted with acetone/water/acetic acid (90:9.5:0.5) were 68.77 and 96.25 mg GAE g,1, respectively. The agar well diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial activity of the extracts at 1, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20% (w/v) concentrations in methanol on spoilage and pathogenic bacteria including Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157:H7. Mycobacterium smegmatis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella enteritidis, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica. All the bacteria tested were inhibited by extract concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20%, except for Y enterocolitica which was not inhibited by the 2.5% concentration. However, pomace extracts at 1% concentration had no antibacterial activity against some of the bacteria. According to the agar well diffusion method, E coli O157:H7 was the most sensitive of the bacteria. Generally, using the serial dilution method, while the extracts at 0.5% concentration had bacteriostatic activities on E coli O157:H7 and S aureus, the extracts appeared to have bactericidal effects at 1 and 2.5% concentrations. In accordance with this method, S aureus was more sensitive than E coli O157:H7 to the extracts. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Beneficial properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from a Rana catesbeiana hatcheryAQUACULTURE RESEARCH, Issue 14 2009Sergio E Pasteris Abstract This work addresses the selection of potentially probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to be used in raniculture. Thus, strains belonging to the genera Pediococcus pentosaceus, Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactococcus lactis and Enterococcus faecium isolated from a Rana catesbeiana hatchery were evaluated for their inhibitory properties against RLS-associated pathogens (Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis) and food-borne bacteria. Cell-free supernatants of LAB strains inhibited the growth of at least one of the pathogens by organic acids, but L. lactis CRL 1584 also produced a bacteriocin-like metabolite. The ability of LAB strains to produce H2O2 in MRS+TMB medium was also studied. Seventy-eight to ninety six per cent of the strains showed some level of H2O2 production. Moreover, different organic solvents were used to determine the hydrophobicity and Lewis acid/base characteristic of LAB strain surfaces. Most of the strains presented hydrophilic properties, but no acidic or basic surface characters. However, some strains isolated from the skin showed a high degree of hydrophobicity and basic components in the cell surface due to their adhesion to chloroform. These properties were not observed in LAB from balanced feed and freshwater. Taking into account general guidelines and the beneficial properties studied, five strains were selected as potential candidates to be included in a probiotic for raniculture. [source] Microbiological and Toxicological Effects of Perla Black Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Extracts: In Vitro and In Vivo StudiesBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Víctor Javier Lara-Díaz Three different solvents were used to obtain Perla black bean extracts. All three Perla black bean extracts were tested for antibacterial and antiparasitic activity and further analysed for intrinsic cytotoxicity (IC50). Methanol Perla black bean extract was used for acute toxicity test in rats, with the up-and-down doping method. All Perla black bean extracts inhibited bacterial growth. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Listeria monocytogenes showed inhibition, while Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes did not. Acidified water and acetic acid Perla black bean extract were tested in parasites. The best IC50 was observed for Giardia lamblia, while higher concentrations were active against Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The Vero cells toxicity levels (IC50) for methanol, acidified water and acetic acid Perla black bean extract were [mean ± S.D. (95% CI)]: 275 ± 6.2 (267.9,282.0), 390 ± 4.6 (384.8,395.2) and 209 ± 3.39 (205.6,212.4) µg/ml, respectively. In vivo acute toxicity assays did not show changes in absolute organ weights, gross and histological examinations of selected tissues or functional tests. The acetic acid and methanol Perla black bean extract proved to exhibit strong antibacterial activity and the acidified water Perla black bean extract exerted parasiticidal effects against Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba hystolitica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The three Perla black bean extracts assayed over Vero cells showed very low toxicity and the methanol Perla black bean extract in vivo did not cause toxicity. [source] | |||||||||||||