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Proteomic Alterations (proteomic + alteration)
Selected AbstractsProteomic Alterations of Antarctic Ice Microalga Chlamydomonas sp.JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY, Issue 8 2006Under Low-Temperature Stress Abstract Antarctic ice microalga can survive and thrive in cold channels or pores in the Antarctic ice layer. In order to understand the adaptive mechanisms to low temperature, in the present study we compared two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) profiles of normal and low temperature-stressed Antarctic ice microalga Chlamydomonas sp. cells. In addition, new protein spots induced by low temperature were identified with peptide mass fingerprinting based on matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and database searching. Well-resolved and reproducible 2-DE patterns of both normal and low temperature-stressed cells were acquired. A total of 626 spots was detected in control cells and 652 spots were detected in the corresponding low temperature-stressed cells. A total of 598 spots was matched between normal and stressed cells. Two newly synthesized proteins (a and b) in low temperature-stressed cells were characterized. Protein spot A (53 kDa, pI 6.0) was similar to isopropylmalate/homocitrate/citramalate synthases, which act in the transport and metabolism of amino acids. Protein spot b (25 kDa, pI 8.0) was related to glutathione S -transferase, which functions as a scavenger of active oxygen, free radicals, and noxious metabolites. The present study is valuable for the application of ice microalgae, establishing an ice microalga Chlamydomonas sp. proteome database, and screening molecular biomarkers for further studies. (Managing editor: Li-Hui Zhao) [source] Upc2p-associated differential protein expression in Candida albicansPROTEINS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS, Issue 20 2009Christopher F. Hoehamer Abstract The gain-of-function mutation G648D in UPC2 causes ERG11 up-regulation and increased fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans. In this study, we performed 2-DE and PMF to identify proteomic alterations in an ERG11 -overexpressing fluconazole-resistant C. albicans clinical isolate compared with its fluconazole-susceptible parent strain. We identified 23 differentially expressed proteins, and among them, seven became differentially expressed in a C. albicans wild-type strain after the introduction of a UPC2 allele carrying this mutation. These Upc2p-regulated proteins may contribute to fluconazole resistance in C. albicans. [source] Proteomic study of human hepatocellular carcinoma using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis with saturation cysteine dyePROTEINS: STRUCTURE, FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS, Issue 5 2005Kazuyasu Fujii Abstract To identify the proteomic alterations associated with carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we compared the protein expression profiles of nine HCC cell lines with those of primary cultured hepatocytes established from five individuals. A differential proteomic study was performed by two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis, in which protein samples are labeled with different fluorescent dyes and separated according to their isoelectric point and molecular weight. To label the protein samples, we used a newly developed and highly sensitive fluorescent dye, which reacts with all reduced cysteine residues of proteins. Principal component analysis based on the intensity of 1238,protein spots indicated that the HCC cells and the normal hepatocytes had distinct proteomic profiles. The Wilcoxon test was used to determine the protein spots whose intensity was differentially regulated in the HCC cells compared with the normal hepatocytes, and mass spectrometric analysis was used to identify the proteins corresponding to the spots. The proteins identified are involved in cell cycle regulation, binding to a tumor-suppressor gene product, fatty acid binding, and regulation of translation. Western blotting with specific antibodies revealed the overexpression of PCNA, EB1 and E-FABP in HCC tissues compared with noncancerous tissues. Aberrant regulation of EB1 and E-FABP has not previously been implicated in the development of HCC. [source] Persistent proteomic alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex with abstinence from cocaine self-administrationPROTEOMICS - CLINICAL APPLICATIONS, Issue 4 2009Melinda E. Lull Abstract Neuroproteomic studies of drug abuse offer the potential for a systems-level understanding of addiction. Understanding cocaine-responsive alterations in brain protein expression that persist even with extended abstinence may provide insight into relapse liability. In the current study, protein changes in the medial prefrontal cortex of cocaine self-administering rats following 1 and 100,days of enforced abstinence were quantified by 2-D DIGE. We have previously reported increased drug-seeking and drug-taking, as well as mRNA and epigenetic changes in this model even after 100,days of enforced abstinence. A number of statistically significant changes in proteins relating to synapse function and neuronal remodeling were evident, including neurofilament medium and Hsp73, which increased at 1,day of abstinence, but returned to normal levels following 100,days of abstinence. Dynamin-1 and synaptosome-associated protein 25,kDa (SNAP-25) were unchanged at 1,day of abstinence, but were significantly decreased after 100,days. These data demonstrate that while some protein changes return to normal levels following enforced cocaine abstinence, a number remain or become altered after long periods, up to 100,days, of cocaine abstinence. Those protein expression changes that do not reset to pre-cocaine exposure levels may contribute to the persistent relapse potential that occurs in response to cocaine abstinence. [source] | ||||||||||