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Proposed Treatments (proposed + treatment)
Selected AbstractsFairly Bland: an alternative view of a supposed new ,Death Ethic' and the BMA guidelinesLEGAL STUDIES, Issue 4 2001David Price Recently in this journal John Keown attacked the BMA Guidance published on ,Withholding and Withdrawing Life-prolonging Medical Treatment', arguing that it was, fundamentally at odds with the sanctity of life doctrine as properly understood, condemning the intentional termination of individuals' lives. In riposte it is asserted that even this modified version of the doctrine cannot support a defensible moral or legal standard for decision-making here, being founded upon an excessive emphasis on the mental state of the clinician and an inappropriately narrow focus on the effects of the proposed treatment on the ,health' of the patient, as opposed to being primarily driven by the (best) interests of the patient. The attempt to divorce treatment decisions from broader evaluations of the net benefit or other otherwise able to be attained by the patient from such treatment, including the taking into account of the individual's handicapped state, accordingly fails. Acceptance of such reality is, at the least, the first step toward a common language for further dialogue even between those with polar opposite opinions in this sphere. [source] Assessing the viability of treatment rights for prisoners with personality disorder: Substance or substantive?PERSONALITY AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 3 2009Leon McRae Personality disorder (PD) has long been criticized as a diagnosis, not least for the issue of its supposed untreatability. This has precluded many offenders with PD from receiving treatment for their disorder in a secure hospital, with detention in the potentially deleterious penal environment the result. However, transfers for public protection continue to occur. A further problematic issue for treatment considerations when diversion from prison hangs in the balance is the removal of the need for proposed treatment to provide a therapeutic benefit under the recently amended Mental Health Act 1983. In light of these developments, this paper considers the significance of human rights instruments, such as the European Prison Rules 2006, which aim to offer rights to treatment, giving the offender with a diagnosis of PD access to adequate and sustaining treatment, both in prison and secure hospitals. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Clinical Comparative Study Between Cryotherapy and Local Dermabrasion for the Treatment of Solar Lentigo on the Back of the HandsDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 5 2000Dóris Maria Hexsel MD Background. Solar lentigo is a common and unsightly dermatosis that has a variety of proposed treatments. Objective. This study was done to assess the efficacy and the effectiveness of localized dermabrasion compared with cryotherapy with liquid nitrogen on solar lentigo on the back of the hands. Methods. Ten female patients aged 64,96 years with solar lentigo on the back of the hands were treated with dermabrasion or cryotherapy and observed over a 6-month period. Results. The postsurgery signs and symptoms were less intense and better tolerated with localized dermabrasion. More than 50% of the patients treated with cryotherapy still had hypochromia in the treated areas 6 months after treatment, compared with 11% of the patients treated with dermabrasion. The percentage of recurrence was the same with the both treatments (55.55%). Conclusion. Localized dermabrasion is an efficacious and effective technique comparable to cryotherapy for the treatment of solar lentigo on the back of the hands. [source] Studying the satisfaction of patients on the outcome of an aesthetic dermatological filler treatmentJOURNAL OF COSMETIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2008Lúcia Helena Fávaro De Arruda MD Summary Background, Many factors contribute to extend productive life in the modern world. Competition makes people worry about physical appearance, mostly in respect to facial and skin aging. This has motivated new developments in cosmetic dermatology and the need of evaluating patient satisfaction with the new proposed treatments. Poll questionnaire has been used for such evaluation, and the analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) mapping obtained while the patient answers the satisfaction questionnaire may render the results less subjective. Objectives, The purpose of this paper is to study the satisfaction of a group of 33 women (mean age, 44 years) treated with hyaluronic acid filling of nasolabial folding or lips, combining the EEG brain mapping and questionnaire techniques. Methods, At the third month of evaluation, two networked personal computers were used for the EEG recording and for presenting the patient with a questionnaire about her well-being feeling; self-evaluation of her face; her satisfaction with the results of the aesthetic treatment; how the family, friends, and people at work evaluated the result of the treatment; and her decision to repeat the treatment and to recommend it to friends and family. Results, Poll results showed that patients were feeling well and were satisfied with the results of the aesthetic treatment. Furthermore, the regression EEG mappings showed patients to be satisfied with their appearance and with the treatment involving similar brain areas. Conclusion, Patients decided to undergo the treatment because they were already considering it (54%) or because they were dissatisfied with their lips or nasolabial folding (52%). The fact that the treatment was free of charge solidified the decision. Patients consider themselves as good-looking and they wanted to preserve such a condition. [source] An in vivo model of degenerative disc diseaseJOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH, Issue 1 2003Jason P. Norcross Although the precise etiology of low back pain is disputed, degeneration of the intervertebral disc is believed to play an important role. Many animal models have been described which reproduce the changes found in degenerative disc disease, but none allow for efficient, large-scale testing of purported therapeutic agents. The purpose of this study was to develop a simple animal model resembling degenerative disc disease using the intervertebral discs found in the tails of rats. The proximal two intervertebral discs in the tails of 20 rats were injected with either chondroitinase ABC or control (phosphate buffered saline, PBS). The tails were harvested at 2 weeks, and measurements were made of intervertebral disc height (measured radiographically and histologically), biomechanics (stiffness, hysteresis, and residual deformation), and histologic appearance. Treatment with chondroitinase ABC resulted in a significant loss in intervertebral disc height (radiographic intervertebral disc height, p < 0.001; histologic intervertebral disc height, p < 0.001) and significant increases in all biomechanical parameters (stiffness, p < 0.001; hysteresis, p < 0.006; residual deformation, p < 0.004) compared to PBS controls. Intervertebral discs treated with chondroitinase ABC had significantly lower histologic grades for each grading category (nucleus pulposus (NP), annulus fibrosus, and proteoglycan staining) compared to controls. The results of injury with chondroitinase ABC were similar to the findings in degenerative disc disease: reduced intervertebral disc height, diminished proteoglycan content, loss of NP cells, and increased stiffness of the disc. Thus, the model appears to be a reasonable tool for the preliminary in vivo evaluation of proposed treatments for degenerative disc disease. © 2002 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. [source] Effect of Er:YAG and Diode lasers on the adhesion of blood components and on the morphology of irradiated root surfacesJOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH, Issue 5 2006Letícia Helena Theodoro Objective:, The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the adhesion of blood components on root surfaces irradiated with Er:YAG (2.94 µm) and GaAlAs Diode (808 nm) lasers and the effects on the morphology of irradiated root surfaces. Methods:, One hundred samples of human teeth were obtained. They were previously planed and scaled with manual instruments and divided into five groups of 20 samples each: G1 (control group) , absence of treatment; G2 , Er:YAG laser (7.6 J/cm2); G3 , Er:YAG laser (12.9 J/cm2); G4 , Diode laser (90 J/cm2) and G5 , Diode laser (108 J/cm2). After these treatments, 10 samples of each group received a blood tissue but the remaining 10 did not. After laboratory treatments, the samples were obtained by SEM, the photomicrographs were analysed by the score of adhesion of blood components and the results were statistically analysed (Kruskall,Wallis and Mann,Whitney test). Results:, In relation to the adhesion of blood components, the study showed no significant differences between the control group and the groups treated with Er:YAG laser (p = 0.9633 and 0.6229). Diode laser radiation was less effective than control group and Er:YAG laser radiation (p < 0.01). Conclusions:, None of the proposed treatments increased the adhesion of blood components in a significant way when compared to the control group. Although the Er:YAG laser did not interfere in the adhesion of blood components, it caused more changes on the root surface, whereas the Diode laser inhibited the adhesion. [source] | ||||||||||