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Proper Maintenance (proper + maintenance)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Life Sciences	60%

Selected Abstracts

Security Maintenance Mediation: a technology for preventing unintended security breaches

CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION: PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE, Issue 1 2004
Roger (Buzz) KingArticle first published online: 4 DEC 200
Abstract Web-resident information is becoming ,smarter', in the sense that emerging technology will support the annotation of it with ontological terms, which will be used to locate and reuse information. This will pose a great security risk in the form of unintended breaches (as distinct from deliberate invasions). Web-resident information will be far more readily available and relevant, thus causing inadvertent releases of secure information to potentially cause it to be diffusely spread across the Internet. Then as this information is iteratively transformed and integrated with other information, it will become irretrievable and potentially used in a myriad of unpredictable ways. The problem is that ontological annotations, while making information more understandable in its original form, do not provide a means for easily capturing the complex semantics of information that has been transformed via abstraction, aggregation, and integration. This demands the development of a semantically rich way of specifying ,views' of Web information, to which security controls can be attached. Also needed is a way for users of secure information to easily and voluntarily blend,and thereby propagate,security controls as information is transformed. Information mediators designed by collaborative teams of experts are proposed as the vehicle for wrapping information, so that at each step of reuse, high-level views and their corresponding integrity controls can be made easily accessible to trusted users who will then be able to ensure their proper maintenance. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

MLL: How complex does it get?

JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY, Issue 2 2005
Relja Popovic
Abstract The mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene encodes a very large nuclear protein homologous to Drosophila trithorax (trx). MLL is required for the proper maintenance of HOX gene expression during development and hematopoiesis. The exact regulatory mechanism of HOX gene expression by MLL is poorly understood, but it is believed that MLL functions at the level of chromatin organization. MLL was identified as a common target of chromosomal translocations associated with human acute leukemias. About 50 different MLL fusion partners have been isolated to date, and while similarities exist between groups of partners, there exists no unifying property shared by all the partners. MLL gene rearrangements are found in leukemias with both lymphoid and myeloid phenotypes and are often associated with infant and secondary leukemias. The immature phenotype of the leukemic blasts suggests an important role for MLL in the early stages of hematopoietic development. Mll homozygous mutant mice are embryonic lethal and exibit deficiencies in yolk sac hematopoiesis. Recently, two different MLL-containing protein complexes have been isolated. These and other gain- and loss-of-function experiments have provided insight into normal MLL function and altered functions of MLL fusion proteins. This article reviews the progress made toward understanding the function of the wild-type MLL protein. While many advances in understanding this multifaceted protein have been made since its discovery, many challenging questions remain to be answered. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Conservation of forage resources for increasing livestock production in traditional forage reserves in Tanzania

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY, Issue 2008
A. J. Mwilawa
Abstract Traditional reserved pastures namely ,Olopololi/Alalili' for Maasai, ,Ngitili' for Sukuma and ,Milaga' for Gogo have been in use among the pastoral and agropastoral communities for many years. These reserves provide dry season feed for ruminant livestock especially cattle, sheep and goats. Apart from the provision of forage materials, these reserves provide fuel wood, construction material and medicinal plants. These traditional forage conservation practices also contribute to soil conservation and forage species biodiversity. However, studies conducted in these traditional forage reserves at Tingatinga (Maasai), Makang'wa (Gogo) and in Mwamishali/Mwanyanhina (Sukuma) in Tanzania show limitations of the reserves especially, in providing adequate dry matter and proteins for both maintenance and production of livestock. Nevertheless, there are opportunities for improvement on these traditional practices through introduction of improved grasses, legumes and tree/shrub species as well as proper maintenance of the superior local species and cultivars. [source]

Mandibular and maxillary furcation tunnel preparations , literature review and a case report

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 1 2001
Stefan G. Rüdiger
Abstract Aim: The objective of this literature review and subsequent case report is to discuss and illustrate the tunnel preparation procedure as a treatment alternative for furcation-involved molars. Review of the literature: Furcation tunnel preparation, i.e., the creation of access for plaque control between periodontally diseased roots, has not been discussed in the literature as comprehensively as root resective therapy, though success rates appear to fall within the same range. A short root trunk and a wide furcation entrance diameter are prerequisites for the indication of the tunnel preparation procedure. Although accessory canals in the furcation area are frequent findings on extracted teeth, endodontic complications have not been reported to be major complications after tunnel preparation. Caries developed at tunneled teeth even under proper maintenance, but did not necessarily lead to the loss of an affected tooth. Case report: In the case presented to illustrate the indication for the tunnel preparation procedure, periodontal disease was almost entirely restricted to the furcation sites of molar teeth. Affected teeth were either extracted or left intact and subjected to tunneling procedures. Periodontal health could be established and maintained at both single and double tunnels over a period of 2 years of periodontal supportive therapy. [source]

Plant programmed cell death: can't live with it; can't live without it

MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY, Issue 4 2008
BRETT WILLIAMS
SUMMARY The decision of whether a cell should live or die is fundamental for the wellbeing of all organisms. Despite intense investigation into cell growth and proliferation, only recently has the essential and equally important idea that cells control/programme their own demise for proper maintenance of cellular homeostasis gained recognition. Furthermore, even though research into programmed cell death (PCD) has been an extremely active area of research there are significant gaps in our understanding of the process in plants. In this review, we discuss PCD during plant development and pathogenesis, and compare/contrast this with mammalian apoptosis. [source]