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Promotion Campaigns (promotion + campaign)
Kinds of Promotion Campaigns Selected AbstractsEquipment Dealers'Perceptions of a Community-based Rollover Protective Structures Promotion CampaignTHE JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2001Timothy W. Struttmann M.S.P.H ABSTRACT Farming is one of the most hazardous occupations, and tractor overturns are the leading cause of agricultural fatalities. This article examines a community-based injury intervention designed to increase the number of rollover protective structures (ROPS) and seat belts on tractors and to promote safe operation of farm tractors in two counties. Equipment dealers who sell retrofit ROPS kits to farmers were a critical component of the intervention. Interviews were conducted with dealers after the 31-month intervention period to understand their perceptions, any difficulties they experienced as a result of the project and how a similar project could be improved. Comments were analyzed in relation to theories of persuasion. Results indicated that dealers believed the intervention was successful in producing behavior change among some farmers. Dealers also provided important insights into why some farmers continued to resist retrofitting tractors with ROPS. Recommendations are offered for designers of community-based interventions beyond the ROPS project described here. [source] The limited acceptance of an electronic prescription system by general practitioners: reasons and practical implicationsNEW TECHNOLOGY, WORK AND EMPLOYMENT, Issue 2 2004Albert Boonstra To control the cost of drugs prescribed by general practitioners (GPs), the Netherlands Ministry of Health decided to implement an electronic prescription system. This paper uses an interpretive perspective to analyse the reasons for limited acceptance of the system. While the promotion campaign focused on the system, GPs based their decision on wider contextual factors. [source] Utilization of eye care services in VictoriaCLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, Issue 5 2006Andreas Müller PhD MPH Abstract Purpose:, To determine baseline eye care utilization by older Victorians in order to assess change in 2 years after an eye health promotion campaign. Methods:, A letter of invitation to participate was sent to all people aged 70,79 years in randomly selected Melbourne postcode areas. A questionnaire was designed to allow gathering of eye health-related information. Eye exams included autorefraction, frequency doubling technology and non-mydriatic fundus photography. Results were compared with the Melbourne Vision Impairment Project . Results:, A total of 1695 people with a mean age of 74 years were recruited. The overall proportion with visual impairment was 8% (134/1695), of which 27% (36/134) was due to non-refractive causes. Only 31% (11/36) of visually impaired people knew about low-vision services, of whom 20% (7/36) had used them. Of all people with diabetes, only 52% (96/184) had a dilated eye exam within the recommended 2 years (Melbourne Vision Impairment Project 44%). Conclusions:, Compliance rates with recommendations for 2-yearly eye exams for people with diabetes have not improved since the last major eye health study in Victoria 10 years ago. The same is true for the rate of undiagnosed glaucoma, suggesting that messages about eye examinations need to be promoted for older people at high risk of vision loss, for example, those with diabetes and at risk of vision loss from glaucoma. [source] An evaluation of a heroin overdose prevention and education campaignDRUG AND ALCOHOL REVIEW, Issue 1 2010DANIELLE HORYNIAK Abstract Introduction and Aims. Following detection of an upward trend in the frequency of fatal heroin overdoses in Victoria between 2001 and 2003, Victoria's Department of Human Services planned a campaign aimed at increasing injecting drug users' (IDU) awareness of overdose risks and prevention strategies. Stickers, wallet cards and posters featuring five key messages were distributed via needle and syringe programs (NSP) and other drug and alcohol services between November 2005 and April 2006. An evaluation of the campaign was commissioned to be conducted in late 2006. Design and Methods. The evaluation consisted of analysis of three independent data sets,,quantitative data collected from IDU during the campaign period (n = 855 at baseline; and a range of 146,656 at follow up); qualitative interviews with IDU who were NSP clients during the campaign period (n = 16) and qualitative interviews with NSP staff and other key stakeholders (n = 9). Results. While key experts felt that the campaign messages had engendered lasting impact for at least some IDU, these positive impressions were not borne out by the NSP client data, with less than one quarter of all campaign messages being mentioned by a significantly higher proportion of clients during the post-campaign period compared with baseline. Key experts perceived the greatest weakness of the campaign to be the delay between issue identification and the introduction of campaign materials. Discussion and Conclusions. While IDU are generally responsive to health promotion campaigns, future initiatives in this domain should be designed and implemented rapidly and in ways that are sufficiently flexible to cope with shifts in drug markets which could influence the reception of key messages.[Horyniak D, Higgs P, Lewis J, Winter R, Dietze P, Aitken C. An evaluation of a heroin overdose prevention and education campaign. Drug Alcohol Rev 2009] [source] ,I send the wife to the doctor', Men's behaviour as health consumersINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONSUMER STUDIES, Issue 5 2010Joan Buckley Abstract This paper explores men's behaviour and attitudes in relation to health matters. While there has been some practical and research progress in engaging with users of health services, there is less development in the area of engaging non-users. In effect, all members of the society can be the consumers/users of health promotion, though not all are. This paper reports on the first stage of a wider project aimed at increasing the effectiveness of skin cancer awareness messages aimed at men. The project focuses on men over 50 from an area of socio-economic disadvantage, since these men tend to have the lowest life expectancies in general, and the highest incidences of mortality for skin cancer both at a national and international level. The research was conducted through community-based focus groups and while the sample was relatively, small it produced some interesting outcomes in terms of how this cohort audited and responded to public health promotion campaigns; how they perceive cancer and health issues in general; how they respond to health issues; and how they view both the public health service in Ireland and the ways health professionals relate to them. It confirms many theories about how men view their health and how they respond to health promotion campaigns. Among other points, it raises questions about the possible mixed benefits of testimonial-based advertising. It also indicates that there may be further layers of complexity connected to identity, fatalism, problem solving and respectful treatment that have not been sufficiently articulated in the literature. It points to the need for greater engagement by service planners and providers with the needs of their target audience, which may require a more encompassing definition of service user. [source] Similarities and Differences Between African Americans' and European Americans' Attitudes, Knowledge, and Willingness to Communicate About Organ Donation,JOURNAL OF APPLIED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2003Susan E. Morgan While little is known about African Americans' attitudes and knowledge about organ donation, even less is known about how African Americans' attitudes, values, and beliefs affect their behavior and behavioral intentions regarding organ donation; or how African Americans' views are similar to or different from those of European Americans. Adults working 2 sites of a national corporation were randomly selected to complete a survey about organ donation willingness, intention to sign an organ donor card, knowledge and attitudes toward organ donation, and level of altruism. Results indicate that African Americans differ significantly from Whites on several individual attitude and knowledge items. However, the basic relationship between knowledge, attitudes, values, and behaviors regarding organ donation between the 2 groups appears the same. Furthermore, these results indicate that future organ donation promotion campaigns must focus on increasing basic knowledge and countering myths about organ donation for both populations. [source] Characterizing and Reaching High-Risk Drinkers Using Audience SegmentationALCOHOLISM, Issue 8 2009Howard B. Moss Background:, Market or audience segmentation is widely used in social marketing efforts to help planners identify segments of a population to target for tailored program interventions. Market-based segments are typically defined by behaviors, attitudes, knowledge, opinions, or lifestyles. They are more helpful to health communication and marketing planning than epidemiologically defined groups because market-based segments are similar in respect to how they behave or might react to marketing and communication efforts. However, market segmentation has rarely been used in alcohol research. As an illustration of its utility, we employed commercial data that describes the sociodemographic characteristics of high-risk drinkers as an audience segment, including where they tend to live, lifestyles, interests, consumer behaviors, alcohol consumption behaviors, other health-related behaviors, and cultural values. Such information can be extremely valuable in targeting and planning public health campaigns, targeted mailings, prevention interventions, and research efforts. Methods:, We described the results of a segmentation analysis of those individuals who self-reported to consume 5 or more drinks per drinking episode at least twice in the last 30 days. The study used the proprietary PRIZMÔ (Claritas, Inc., San Diego, CA) audience segmentation database merged with the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) database. The top 10 of the 66 PRIZMÔ audience segments for this risky drinking pattern are described. For five of these segments we provided additional in-depth details about consumer behavior and the estimates of the market areas where these risky drinkers resided. Results:, The top 10 audience segments (PRIZM clusters) most likely to engage in high-risk drinking are described. The cluster with the highest concentration of binge-drinking behavior is referred to as the "Cyber Millenials." This cluster is characterized as "the nation's tech-savvy singles and couples living in fashionable neighborhoods on the urban fringe." Almost 65% of Cyber Millenials households are found in the Pacific and Middle Atlantic regions of the United States. Additional consumer behaviors of the Cyber Millenials and other segments are also described. Conclusions:, Audience segmentation can assist in identifying and describing target audience segments, as well as identifying places where segments congregate on- or offline. This information can be helpful for recruiting subjects for alcohol prevention research as well as planning health promotion campaigns. Through commercial data about high-risk drinkers as "consumers," planners can develop interventions that have heightened salience in terms of opportunities, perceptions, and motivations, and have better media channel identification. [source] A critical analysis of UK public health policies in relation to diet and nutrition in low-income householdsMATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION, Issue 2 2006Pamela Attree phd Abstract Diet and nutrition, particularly among low-income groups, is a key public health concern in the UK. Low levels of fruit and vegetable consumption, and obesity, especially among children, have potentially severe consequences for the future health of the nation. From a public health perspective, the UK government's role is to help poorer families make informed choices within healthy frameworks for living. However, the question is , to what extent are such policies in accordance with lay experiences of managing diet and nutrition on a low-income? This paper critically examines contemporary public health policies aimed at improving diet and nutrition, identifying the underlying theories about the influences on healthy eating in poor families, and exploring the extent to which these assumptions are based on experiential accounts. It draws on two qualitative systematic reviews , one prioritizing low-income mothers' accounts of ,managing' in poverty; and the other focusing on children's perspectives. The paper finds some common ground between policies and lay experiences, but also key divergencies. Arguably, the emphasis of public health policy on individual behaviour, coupled with an ethos of empowered consumerism, underplays material limitations on ,healthy eating' for low-income mothers and children. Health policies fail to take into account the full impact of structural influences on food choices, or recognize the social and emotional factors that influence diet and nutrition. In conclusion, it is argued that while health promotion campaigns to improve low-income families' diets do have advantages, these are insufficient to outweigh the negative effects of poverty on nutrition. [source] Governmentality, the iconography of sexual disease and ,duties' of the STI clinicNURSING INQUIRY, Issue 3 2001Anthony Pryce, Article first published online: 30 JUL 200 Governmentality, the iconography of sexual disease and ,duties' of the STI clinic Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have come to occupy a different social space over the last hundred years, where the iconography of disease has moved from purity to consumption of desire, and where the regulation of disease has moved from moral proscription to governmentality. These processes are represented through health promotion campaigns where the medico-moral discourses appropriated both the iconography of pathology and the construction of the family as the site of moral surveillance and governmentality. This paper will consider how the ,duties' of STD clinics have been defined and mark a paradigmatic statement of the panoptic role of medicine in the mapping of the social and psychological spaces between individuals. Sexual health medicine, together with health promotion ideologies, has claimed privileged status through the deployment of expert, clinical knowledge and rationalities, to penetrate the sexual praxis of populations. In so doing, it also underscored the individual's roles and responsibilities in the ideological work of the changing constructions of sexual citizenship, from moral purity to ars erotica, as well as the increasing intervention of the state in reproduction and control of sexualities. [source] An exploration of nutritional knowledge in a sample of Scottish men of low socio-economic statusNUTRITION BULLETIN, Issue 4 2000Kerri E. McPherson Summary The government has used health promotion campaigns as a means of improving nutritional knowledge in the Scottish population, in an attempt to encourage healthier eating practices and reduce diet-related illness. However, mismeasurement of nutritional knowledge and the presence of barriers to behaviour change, such as socio-economic status, means that the relationship between nutritional knowledge and dietary practice is not a straightforward one. The main findings of the present study are twofold. Firstly, the results emphasise the multidimensionality of the nutritional knowledge construct. Secondly, the results show that educational status is a major facilitator/barrier in the nutritional knowledge,dietary practice relationship. [source] Optimal control of deterministic epidemicsOPTIMAL CONTROL APPLICATIONS AND METHODS, Issue 6 2000Horst Behncke Abstract Various deterministic optimal control models for SIR-epidemics are investigated in this paper. The epidemics are governed by a rather general interaction, which covers most cases studied in the literature. Vaccination, quarantine, screening or health promotion campaigns as forms of control are considered. In all cases one finds a maximum effort control on some initial time interval. In addition, uniqueness and monotonicity properties of these models are studied. The results are also extended to the infinite time-horizon situation. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Making People More Responsible: The Blair Governments' Programme for Changing Citizens' BehaviourPOLITICAL STUDIES, Issue 3 2010Perri A distinctive feature of the three Blair New Labour governments' domestic policy was the effort to change citizens' behaviour. Variously explained using such slogans as ,something for something', ,responsibility' and, in combating antisocial behaviour, ,respect', behaviour change was presented by the PM's Strategy Unit as an overarching strategic framework for policy. This included conditionality in welfare to work, health promotion campaigns, a ban on smoking in public places, measures to combat antisocial behaviour and enforce school discipline, home,school contracts, community cohesion and neighbourhood renewal programmes, measures to encourage car sharing and use of public transport, and others to promote domestic waste recycling. This article examines how far the two principal explanatory theories available predict that programme's characteristics. It uses a structured data set on the policy instruments, target groups and content of initiatives undertaken by eight central government spending departments. We find that indeed the strong (more coercive) tools are markedly concentrated on initiatives targeting the poor and low-income working strata. The expectations derived from the two theoretical traditions are not strongly supported. [source] Emergency contraception , knowledge and attitudes in a group of Australian university studentsAUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH, Issue 3 2009Helen Calabretto Abstract Objective: To explore first year Australian university students' knowledge and attitudes about emergency contraception and their understanding of the risk for pregnancy. Method: A self-report questionnaire was completed by a convenience sample of 627 first year on-campus students from both health and non-health disciplines. Results: Knowledge about emergency contraception (EC) was generally poor including misunderstanding that it can only be used the ,morning after', as well as where it may be accessed. Its potential use was, however, more highly accepted as a preventative measure after unprotected sexual intercourse than abortion in the event of unplanned pregnancy. Women had better knowledge than men, and on a number of measures there were significant differences between these groups. Conclusions: Poor knowledge about the timing, accessibility, action and side effects of EC may act as a barrier to its use in the event of unprotected sexual intercourse. Although EC has been available in Australia as a Schedule 3 medication since 2004, its availability from pharmacies is not well known, nor is access from other primary health care providers. Implications: The lack of knowledge about EC may lead to its underutilisation and underlines the need for future educational strategies about EC as well as the need for health professionals who provide contraceptive services to discuss EC with clients. Health promotion campaigns which are both general as well as gender-specific may improve overall community knowledge about this method of contraception. [source] Health behaviours of young, rural residents: A case studyAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2009Lisa Bourke Abstract Objective:,To analyse self-reported health behaviours of young people from a rural community and the factors influencing their behaviours. Methods:,Interviews were conducted with 19 young people, 11 parents and 10 key informants from a small rural Victorian community, asking about teenage health behaviours and the factors influencing these behaviours. Results:,Young people ate both healthy and unhealthy foods, most participated in physical activity, few smoked and most drank alcohol. The study found that community level factors, including community norms, peers, access issues and geographic isolation, were particularly powerful in shaping health behaviours, especially alcohol consumption. Smoking was influenced by social participation in the community and national media health campaigns. Diet and exercise behaviour were influenced by access and availability, convenience, family, peers and local and non-local cultural influences. Conclusion and implications:,The rural context, including less access to and choice of facilities and services, lower incomes, lack of transport and local social patterns (including community norms and acceptance), impact significantly on young people's health behaviours. Although national health promotion campaigns are useful aspects of behaviour modification, much greater focus on the role and importance of the local contexts in shaping health decisions of young rural people is required. [source] | ||||||||||||||||