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Profile Data (profile + data)
Selected AbstractsMicroanatomical diversity of the humerus and lifestyle in lissamphibiansACTA ZOOLOGICA, Issue 2 2009Aurore Canoville Abstract A study of body size and the compactness profile parameters of the humerus of 37 species of lissamphibians demonstrates a relationship between lifestyle (aquatic, amphibious or terrestrial) and bone microstructure. Multiple linear regressions and variance partitioning with Phylogenetic eigenVector Regressions reveal an ecological and a phylogenetic signal in some body size and compactness profile parameters. Linear discriminant analyses segregate the various lifestyles (aquatic vs. amphibious or terrestrial) with a success rate of up to 89.2%. The models built from data on the humerus discriminate aquatic taxa relatively well from the other taxa. However, like previous models built from data on the radius of amniotes or on the femur of lissamphibians, the new models do not discriminate amphibious taxa from terrestrial taxa on the basis of body size or compactness profile data. To make our inference method accessible, spreadsheets (see supplementary material on the website), which allow anyone to infer a lissamphibian lifestyle solely from body size and bone compactness parameters, were produced. No such easy implementation of habitat inference models is found in earlier papers on this topic. [source] Shear wave velocity model of the Santiago de Chile basin derived from ambient noise measurements: a comparison of proxies for seismic site conditions and amplificationGEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2010Marco Pilz SUMMARY We determined a high-resolution 3-D S -wave velocity model for a 26 km × 12 km area in the northern part of the basin of Santiago de Chile. To reach this goal, we used microtremor recordings at 125 sites for deriving the horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratios that we inverted to retrieve local S -wave velocity profiles. In the inversion procedure, we used additional geological and geophysical constraints and values of the thickness of the sedimentary cover already determined by gravimetric measurements, which were found to vary substantially over short distances in the investigated area. The resulting model was derived by interpolation with a kriging technique between the single S -wave velocity profiles and shows locally good agreement with the few existing velocity profile data, but allows the entire area, as well as deeper parts of the basin, to be represented in greater detail. The wealth of available data allowed us to check if any correlation between the S -wave velocity in the uppermost 30 m (v30S) and the slope of topography, a new technique recently proposed by Wald and Allen, exists on a local scale. We observed that while one lithology might provide a greater scatter in the velocity values for the investigated area, almost no correlation between topographic gradient and calculated v30S exists, whereas a better link is found between v30S and the local geology. Finally, we compared the v30S distribution with the MSK intensities for the 1985 Valparaiso event, pointing out that high intensities are found where the expected v30S values are low and over a thick sedimentary cover. Although this evidence cannot be generalized for all possible earthquakes, it indicates the influence of site effects modifying the ground motion when earthquakes occur well outside of the Santiago basin. [source] Evaluation of an Inexpensive Small-Diameter Temperature Logger for Documenting Ground Water,River InteractionsGROUND WATER MONITORING & REMEDIATION, Issue 4 2005Adam N. Johnson Increasing numbers of studies are recording detailed temperature data for characterization of ground water,stream exchange. We examined laboratory and field operation of a small-diameter, stand-alone and inexpensive temperature logger capable of investigating stream,ground water exchange was examined. The Thermochron iButton is a 17.35-mm-diameter by 6-mm-thick instrument that costs <$10 when ordered in quantity. Testing of the loggers in a controlled temperature bath revealed a precision of ±0.4°C and an accuracy of ±0.5°C for a group of 201. More than 500 loggers have been installed in channels and in subchannel and floodplain ground water environments in two gravel-bedded rivers in the western United States. Loggers were placed as single devices and in vertical arrays in monitoring wells with diameters of 10.16, 5.08, 2.54, and 1.9 cm. We determined that the loggers have four principal advantages over more commonly used wired and currently available stand-alone logging devices: (1) the wireless nature does not require the instrument location to be associated with a control-recording system; (2) the small size allows for installation in small hand-driven or direct-push monitoring wells and thus intimate contact of the instruments with the hydrologic environment; (3) multiple loggers are easily suspended in a single fully perforated monitoring well, allowing for the collection of high-resolution temperature profile data; and (4) the low cost of the loggers allows for the deployment of large numbers, thus improving spatial resolution in shallow ground water floodplain scale studies. [source] Patient-reported outcome measures in the NHS: new methods for analysing and reporting EQ-5D dataHEALTH ECONOMICS, Issue 8 2010Nancy J. Devlin Abstract In a landmark move, the UK Department of Health (DH) has introduced the routine collection of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to measure the performance of health-care providers. From April 2009, generic (EQ-5D) and condition-specific PROMs are being collected from patients before and after four surgical procedures; eventually this will be extended to include a wide range of other NHS services. The aim of this article is to report analysis of the EQ-5D data generated from a pilot study commissioned by the DH and to consider the implications for the use of EQ-5D data in performance indicators and measures of patient benefit. We present two new methods that we have developed for analysing and displaying EQ-5D profile data: a Paretian Classification of Health Change and a health profile grid. We show that EQ-5D profile data can be readily analysed to generate insights into the nature of changes in patient-reported health that would be obscured by summarising these profiles by their index scores, or focusing just on the post operative outcomes. Our methods indicate differences between providers and between sub-groups of patients. Our results also show striking differences in changes in EQ-5D profiles between surgical procedures, which require further investigation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Modelling near-infrared signals for on-line monitoring in cheese manufactureJOURNAL OF CHEMOMETRICS, Issue 2 2002B. J. A. Mertens Abstract This paper considers the analysis of a continuously monitored near-infrared reflectance signal at a single wavelength for the calibration of a process parameter in an application to food engineering for quality control. We describe how we may summarize the information in the observed signals by postulating an explicit statistical model on the signal. An exploratory data analysis may then be carried out on the profile summaries to evaluate whether and how the functional data provide information on the parameter which we would like to calibrate. From a conceptual point of view, such an approach is not dissimilar to principal component regression methods which use an intermediate decomposition through which information is summarised for calibration of a response. The paper demonstrates how the approach leads to important insights into the manner in which the functional data provide the required information on the desired outcome variable, in the context of the practical application in quality control which is discussed and by using a designed experiment. Calculations are implemented through the Gibbs sampler. Calibration of the prediction equation takes place through meta-analysis of the summarized profile data in order to take the uncertainty inherent in the summaries into account. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] MMPI-2 profiles of Gulf and Vietnam combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorderJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2002D. Michael Glenn The current study examined service era differences in a sample of 172 Gulf and Vietnam outpatient veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Participants completed the MMPI-2 and several additional self-report measures of symptom severity (PTSD, depression, anxiety, hostility, and health complaints). Results indicated that MMPI-2 profiles differed significantly according to service era with Vietnam veterans scoring higher on scales 2, 8, and 0 and lower on scale 9 than did Gulf veterans. Examination of group means derived from parametric analysis of MMPI-2 data suggested a mean two-point code type of 2,8/8,2 for Vietnam veterans and 1,8/8,1 for Gulf veterans. In contrast, when the data were examined using descriptive techniques based on frequency counts of individual MMPI-2 profiles, the most frequently occurring two-point codetype was 7,8/8,7 for Vietnam veterans, and 6,8/8,6 for Gulf veterans. In addition, Gulf veterans reported a greater number of total health complaints than Vietnam veterans, whereas Vietnam veterans reported a greater number of physician-diagnosed physical conditions. Potential advantages of incorporating descriptive approaches versus parametric methods when examining profile data are also presented. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 58: 371,381, 2002. [source] EFFECT OF MANGO PULP AND SOYMILK FORTIFICATION ON THE TEXTURE PROFILE OF SET YOGHURT MADE FROM BUFFALO MILKJOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, Issue 3 2003PRADYUMAN KUMAR The effect of the fat content in buffalo milk and proportions of buffalo milk, soymilk and mango pulp on textural characteristics of mango soy fortified yoghurt (MSFY) is reported. The TA-XT2 Texture Analyzer was used to measure the textural characteristics of MSFY prepared from blends containing varying proportions of buffalo milk (varying fat content), soymilk (8.2% total solids) and mango pulp (18% total solids). Texture profile data were used to develop regression models for dependent variables,hardness (HD), cohesiveness (CO), adhesiveness (AD), springiness (SP) and gumminess (GU), which were used to optimize the blend formula. The optimized values are 2.95% fat content in buffalo milk, 14.7% soymilk and 7.2% mango pulp in the blend for obtaining MSFY having textural characteristics similar to those of yoghurt having 6% fat. The MSFY prepared using optimized blend had HD (108 - 112 g), CO (0.41 - 0.42), AD (- 70.3 to - 72.9 g.s), SP (0.93 - 0.96) and GU (45.05 - 46.38 g). [source] Modelling approaches to compare sorption and degradation of metsulfuron-methyl in laboratory micro-lysimeter and batch experimentsPEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 12 2003Maik Heistermann Abstract Results of laboratory batch studies often differ from those of outdoor lysimeter or field plot experiments,with respect to degradation as well as sorption. Laboratory micro-lysimeters are a useful device for closing the gap between laboratory and field by both including relevant transport processes in undisturbed soil columns and allowing controlled boundary conditions. In this study, sorption and degradation of the herbicide metsulfuron-methyl in a loamy silt soil were investigated by applying inverse modelling techniques to data sets from different experimental approaches under laboratory conditions at a temperature of 10 °C: first, batch-degradation studies and, second, column experiments with undisturbed soil cores (28 cm length × 21 cm diameter). The column experiments included leachate and soil profile analysis at two different run times. A sequential extraction method was applied in both study parts in order to determine different binding states of the test item within the soil. Data were modelled using ModelMaker and Hydrus-1D/2D. Metsulfuron-methyl half-life in the batch-experiments (t1/2 = 66 days) was shown to be about four times higher than in the micro-lysimeter studies (t1/2 about 17 days). Kinetic sorption was found to be a significant process both in batch and column experiments. Applying the one-rate-two-site kinetic sorption model to the sequential extraction data, it was possible to associate the stronger bonded fraction of metsulfuron-methyl with its kinetically sorbed fraction in the model. Although the columns exhibited strong significance of multi-domain flow (soil heterogeneity), the comparison between bromide and metsulfuron-methyl leaching and profile data showed clear evidence for kinetic sorption effects. The use of soil profile data had significant impact on parameter estimates concerning sorption and degradation. The simulated leaching of metsulfuron-methyl as it resulted from parameter estimation was shown to decrease when soil profile data were considered in the parameter estimation procedure. Moreover, it was shown that the significance of kinetic sorption can only be demonstrated by the additional use of soil profile data in parameter estimation. Thus, the exclusive use of efflux data from leaching experiments at any scale can lead to fundamental misunderstandings of the underlying processes. Copyright © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Assessment of the impact of key terrestrial observing systems using DMI-HIRLAMTHE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, Issue 633 2008Bjarne Amstrup Abstract Following a EUCOS decision to make an assessment of the impact on NWP forecasts of different components of the current observing systems in various combinations, a number of OSEs (Observing System Experiments) have been made by a number of NWP centres, with some running global models and some limited-area models. The Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) carried out OSEs with the limited-area model HIRLAM. The following runs were made by DMI (two periods, one month each): (1) A baseline system (BL); (2) BL + all aircraft wind and temperature data; (3) BL + non-GUAN radiosonde winds; (4) BL + non-GUAN radiosonde temperature and wind; (5) BL + wind profiler; (6) as (4) + aircraft wind and temperature; (7) as (4) + non-GUAN radiosonde humidity; (8) as BL + all in situ data (full combined system); and (9) BL + E-AMDAR only (no ACARS and no traditional AIREPs). The lateral boundaries for these OSEs were provided by runs made by ECMWF, which was one of the centres to make OSEs with a global model. The main conclusions are that the radiosonde data are the most important data, closely followed by the aircraft data, and that aircraft data and radiosonde data are complementary and not redundant data. Furthermore the results show that it is important to have both wind and temperature profile data; wind data alone produce much poorer impact. Copyright © 2008 Royal Meteorological Society [source] Multiple fuzzy neural network system for outcome prediction and classification of 220 lymphoma patients on the basis of molecular profilingCANCER SCIENCE, Issue 10 2003Tatsuya Ando A fuzzy neural network (FNN) using gene expression profile data can select combinations of genes from thousands of genes, and is applicable to predict outcome for cancer patients after chemotherapy. However, wide clinical heterogeneity reduces the accuracy of prediction. To overcome this problem, we have proposed an FNN system based on majoritarian decision using multiple noninferior models. We used transcriptional profiling data, which were obtained from "Lymphochip" DNA microarrays (http://llmpp.nih.gov/DLBCL), reported by Rosenwald (N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 1937,47). When the data were analyzed by our FNN system, accuracy (73.4%) of outcome prediction using only 1 FNN model with 4 genes was higher than that (68.5%) of the Cox model using 17 genes. Higher accuracy (91%) was obtained when an FNN system with 9 noninferior models, consisting of 35 independent genes, was used. The genes selected by the system included genes that are informative in the prognosis of Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), such as genes showing an expression pattern similar to that of CD10 and BCL-6 or similar to that of IRF-4 and BCL-4. We classified 220 DLBCL patients into 5 groups using the prediction results of 9 FNN models. These groups may correspond to DLBCL subtypes. In group A containing half of the 220 patients, patients with poor outcome were found to satisfy 2 rules, i.e., high expression of MAX dimerization with high expression of unknown A (LC_26146), or high expression of MAX dimerization with low expression of unknown B (LC_33144). The present paper is the first to describe the multiple noninferior FNN modeling system. This system is a powerful tool for predicting outcome and classifying patients, and is applicable to other heterogeneous diseases. [source] | ||||||||||||||||