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Product Standards (product + standards)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Business, Economics, Finance and Accounting	75%

Selected Abstracts

DIN Handbook 385 , Product Standards for Geosynthetics

BAUTECHNIK, Issue 10 2006
Article first published online: 29 SEP 200
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Overcoming informal trade barriers among Japanese intermediaries: An attitudinal assessment

AGRIBUSINESS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, Issue 1 2005
Kenneth C. Gehrt
Access to foreign markets is increasingly critical to the U.S. as global competition increases. Past efforts by the U.S. to penetrate the Japanese market have often focused on overcoming formal trade barriers including tariffs, quotas, and product standards. Although this form of intervention has enjoyed success, limited effort has been devoted to analyzing informal trade barriers. This study examines informal trade barriers in terms of the attitudes of Japanese distributors toward U.S. products. The study focuses on a product-market for which Japan is the leading single-country importer for the U.S.: fruit. Recent inroads into the Japanese market by other countries have eroded the position of the U.S. This erosion will continue unless U.S. exporters can develop appropriate strategies based on sound market intelligence. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Agribusiness 21: 53,63, 2005. [source]

National Treatment and the optimal regulation of environmental externalities

CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, Issue 4 2008
Sumeet Gulati
Abstract., We analyze the role of National Treatment in the regulation of environmental product standards for an open economy. A social planner uses product standards to control emissions from the consumption of a traded good. We show that whether National Treatment of standards interferes with welfare-maximizing policy depends on the instruments available to the policy maker (consumption or emissions tax) and differences in the cost of complying with the standard. We also highlight the asymmetric incidence of the domestic and import product standard when taxes are suboptimal. This asymmetric incidence can also cause welfare-maximizing policy to violate National Treatment. On analyse le rôle du principe de traitement identique des entités domestiques ou importées dans la réglementation des normes environnementales dans une économie ouverte. Un gouvernement utilise des normes pour contrôler les émissions découlant de la consommation d'un produit transigé internationalement. On montre que le fait que le traitement identique des normes va ou non interférer avec l'objectif poursuivi qui est de maximiser le niveau de bien-être va dépendre de l'ensemble des instruments disponibles pour l'architecte des politiques (une taxe sur la consommation ou sur les émissions) et des différences dans les coûts à encourir pour se conformer aux normes. On souligne aussi l'incidence asymétrique des normes sur les produits domestiques et importés quand les taxes sont sous optimales. Cette incidence asymétrique peut faire que la politique qui vise la maximisation du bien-être soit en violation du principe de traitement identique. [source]