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Probable Cases (probable + case)
Selected AbstractsTHE UNIDENTIFIED PARASITE: A PROBABLE CASE OF NORTH AMERICAN CUTEREBRID MYIASIS IN A PEDIATRIC PATIENTPEDIATRIC DERMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2004ALEXANDRA H. AHMET M.D., B.SC. No abstract is available for this article. [source] Incidence of myelodysplastic syndromes within a nonprofit healthcare system in western Washington state, 2005,2006,AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY, Issue 10 2010Anneclaire J. De Roos Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) incidence is unclear because of historical lack of population-based registration and possibly because of underdiagnosis. We conducted a study to evaluate completeness of MDS registration in the Seattle-Puget Sound region of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program,which has reported the highest rates among the SEER registries since mandatory reporting of MDS began in 2001. We identified incident MDS cases of any age that occurred within a nonprofit healthcare system in western Washington State in 2005 or 2006 through the local SEER registry or by relevant diagnostic code followed by medical chart review to classify these patients as unlikely, possible, or definite/probable MDS. We calculated age-standardized incidence rates for all identified MDS cases and for case groups based on identification method, and we summarized medical histories of the MDS patients. MDS incidence in our study population was estimated as 7.0 per 100,000 person-years in 2005,2006 when combining MDS cases identified by SEER and definite/probable cases identified by chart review, which was similar to the rate of 6.9 reported by our local SEER registry. The addition of possible MDS cases identified from chart review increased the rate to 10.2 per 100,000. MDS patients frequently had previous cancer diagnoses (25%) and comorbidities such as high blood pressure and diabetes. Our investigation suggests that although reporting of confirmed MDS diagnoses in our region appears complete, MDS incidence is likely underestimated because of omission of cases who are symptomatic but do not receive definitive diagnoses. Am. J. Hematol., 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] A probable case of gigantism in a fifth Dynasty skeleton from the Western Cemetery at Giza, EgyptINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 4 2005D. M. MulhernArticle first published online: 31 DEC 200 Abstract Pituitary gigantism is a rare endocrine disorder caused by excess secretion of growth hormone during childhood. Individuals with this condition exhibit unusually tall stature due to prolonged growth as well as associated degenerative changes. Continued secretion of excess growth hormone during adulthood results in acromegaly, a related condition that results in bony overgrowth of the skull, hands and feet. The remains of a large adult male, probably in his late 20s or early 30s, from a Fifth Dynasty tomb (2494,2345 BC) were excavated in 2001 from Cemetery 2500 in the Western Cemetery at Giza, Egypt, as part of the Howard University Giza Cemetery Project. This individual exhibits characteristics of pituitary gigantism, including tall but normally-proportioned stature, delayed epiphyseal union, a large sella turcica, advanced arthritis and a transepiphyseal fracture of the left femoral head. Additional pathological features, including osteopenia and thinness of the parietal bones, suggest that this individual may also have been hypogonadal. Craniometric comparisons with other ancient Egyptian groups as well as modern normal and acromegalic patients show some tendency toward acromegalic skull morphology. Differential diagnosis includes eunuchoid gigantism, Sotos syndrome, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Marfan syndrome, homocystinuria, Weaver syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome. In conclusion, the pathological features associated with this skeleton are more consistent with pituitary gigantism than any of the other syndromes that result in skeletal overgrowth. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] A probable case of metastatic carcinoma from the late prehistoric eastern Tennessee River ValleyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY, Issue 4 2002Maria Ostendorf Smith Abstract There are few described cases of metastatic carcinoma from the prehistoric eastern United States and none primarily differentially diagnosed from the southeast. A mature adult female exhibiting several large lytic cranial lesions suggestive of neoplastic disease was identified in a late prehistoric Mississippian Period (AD 1200,1600) context. Burial 371 is from Ledford Island, a Mouse Creek phase (AD 1400,1500) site from the Chickamauga Reservoir of southeastern Tennessee. It is the only case in this reservoir (total adult n = 843). The radiographs of the otherwise asymptomatic postcranium yielded radiolucencies in both proximal femora, both medial clavicles, the sternum, the surviving humeral metaphysis and fragmentary innominate. The locations are all consistent with metastasized carcinoma. The identity of the possible primary lesion is argumentative. Age, sex and the mixed nature of the osseous response are consistent with carcinoma of the breast but not to the exclusion of bronchogenic, thyroid, or kidney cancers. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] The point prevalence of bulimic disorders from 1990 to 2004INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EATING DISORDERS, Issue 6 2008Janis H. Crowther PhD Abstract Objective: This study investigated the point prevalence of probable cases of bulimia nervosa (BN), eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS), and specific eating disorder symptomatology among 6,844 undergraduate women at a single site, examining changes across five 3-year time periods and on a yearly basis from 1990 to 2004. Method: Participants completed a self-report checklist that assessed the diagnostic criteria for BN (American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 1994) and the Bulimia Test (Smith and Thelen, J Consult Clin Psychol, 52, 863,872, 1984) (BULIT) or Bulimia Test-Revised (Thelen et al., Psychol Assess, 3, 119,124, 1991) (BULIT-R). Results: Chi-square analyses comparing the percentages of probable cases of BN and EDNOS and the percentages of women who reported frequent binge eating and most compensatory weight control strategies were nonsignificant. Only the percentages of women who endorsed overconcern with weight and shape and diuretic use and excessive exercise as compensatory weight control strategies changed over time. Conclusion: Consistent with Keel et al.'s (Keel et al., Psychol Med, 36, 119,127, 2006) findings regarding the point prevalence rates of BN from 1992 to 2002, results indicated that probable cases of eating disorders remained relatively stable. Methodologically, this research illustrates the importance of examining multiple data points when investigating stability or change in behavior. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008 [source] Hepatitis E in Qatar imported by expatriate workers from Nepal: Epidemiological characteristics and clinical manifestationsJOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 6 2009Abdulsalam Saif Ibrahim Abstract Prompted by cases of acute hepatitis in expatriate workers presenting at Alkhor Hospital, Qatar, a limited prospective observational study was conducted from July 2005 to June 2006 to determine the epidemiological and clinical features of patients (predominantly Nepalese) presenting with acute hepatitis. Countrywide during that period samples from 86 Nepalese presenting at different centers were found to be anti-HEV IgG positive and 50 of these were also positive for anti-HEV IgM. Fifty-eight of those Nepalese were seen and treated at Alkhor Hospital and of them 43 were confirmed as cases of acute HEV, being positive for both anti-HEV IgM and IgG. The remaining 15 were diagnosed as probable cases of acute HEV on the basis of clinical and epidemiological similarity. It seems likely that transit in Kathmandu in reportedly unsanitary conditions was the focus of infection. In some of those examined at Alkhor, ultrasound detected a thickened gallbladder wall in 30 of 39 (76.9%) with two cases having clinical acalcular cholecystitis. Higher levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were associated with severe disease and derangement in coagulation. On the available evidence hepatitis E was imported by expatriate workers and it is clear that medical screening of these workers pre- and post-arrival must be improved to prevent further outbreaks. It is also essential that health care workers in Qatar are made aware of this ongoing problem of imported HEV and understand the variable presentation of the condition. J. Med. Virol. 81:1047,1051, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Study of Japanese encephalitis and other viral encephalitis in Nepali childrenPEDIATRICS INTERNATIONAL, Issue 6 2007AJIT RAYAMAJHI Abstract Background: A hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 1 month,14 years to identify the proportion of viral encephalitis due to Japanese encephalitis (JE) and compare the clinico-laboratory profile and outcome of JE with that of other viral encephalitis (non-JE). Methods: All probable cases of viral encephalitis on clinical and laboratory evaluation were confirmed as JE on anti-JE IgM in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or serum. Patients not having anti-JE IgM in CSF and/or serum were diagnosed as having non-JE. Results: Of 94 cases, 58 were JE and 36 non-JE. Although practice of rearing pigs at home was associated with JE (P = 0.0001), significantly higher serum creatinine, protein, aspartate aminotransferase and CSF protein levels were observed in non-JE. Longer duration of fever was associated with complete recovery in JE whereas shorter duration of fever was associated with recovery in non-JE. Risk of neurological sequelae (P = 0.01), especially hemiparesis (P = 0.03) was significantly more in JE. Sequelae were observed at 6 weeks follow up in 18.8% of JE and 13.9% of non-JE. Conclusion: JE was the most common cause of viral encephalitis in eastern Nepal and should be suspected in encephalitic patients having pig rearing at home and neurological sequelae. Although duration of hospitalization and complication were higher in JE, final outcome was similar to non-JE. Longer duration of fever in JE and shorter duration of fever in non-JE correlated with recovery, while altered sensorium and focal neurological deficit were independent predictors of sequelae at 6 weeks only in JE and not in non-JE. [source] Mental health status of Japanese-Brazilian children at Brazilian schools in JapanASIA-PACIFIC PSYCHIATRY, Issue 2 2010Shu Kondo MD PhD Abstract Introduction: Although the mental health of Japanese-Brazilian children in Japan has become a matter of concern, few studies have employed a psychological approach and no research of these children's mental health has previously been performed at Brazilian schools in Japan. Methods: The present study used a sample of 241 children aged 4 to 10 years at five Brazilian schools in Japan. The Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire was applied for their guardians and teachers to detect the probable cases of mental disorders. Demographic data of the children were also collected from their guardians and a further analysis was made to determine the risk factors of the probable cases of conduct disorders. Results: The proportion of probable cases was 0.8% for emotional disorders, 9.1% for conduct disorders, 2.1% for hyperactivity disorders, and 10.0% for any psychiatric disorder. The detected risk factors of conduct disorders were male sex, 8 to 10 years of age, living without a father, and not talking often with their teacher. Discussion: The proportions of probable cases of mental disorders were not as high compared to general prevalence ranges or earlier studies. Considering the school and home situation of the children, living without a father seemed to be the foremost risk factor of conduct disorders. [source] Assessment of somatoform disorders: a review of strategies and instrumentsACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA, Issue 4 2003Wolfgang Hiller We provide an overview of methods and instruments developed for the assessment of somatoform disorders. Four diagnostic purposes have been identified: (i) classification according to a diagnostic system; (ii) screening for probable cases; (iii) dimensional measurement of syndrome severity; and (iv) assessment of associated clinical features. Existing instruments designed for each of these strategies are described, including specifications of their psychometric properties, particular features, advantages and disadvantages. A conclusion of this review is that the currently existing ,family of assessment instruments' in the field of somatoform disorders should be used to improve the comparability of scientific findings in different cultures and settings. [source] Phylogeny of Mysis (Crustacea, Mysida): history of continental invasions inferred from molecular and morphological dataCLADISTICS, Issue 6 2005Asta Audzijonyt We studied the phylogenetic history of opossum shrimps of the genus Mysis Latreille, 1802 (Crustacea: Mysida) using parsimony analyses of morphological characters, DNA sequence data from mitochondrial (16S, COI and CytB) and nuclear genes (ITS2, 18S), and eight allozyme loci. With these data we aimed to resolve a long-debated question of the origin of the non-marine (continental) taxa in the genus, i.e., "glacial relicts" in circumpolar postglacial lakes and "arctic immigrants" in the Caspian Sea. A simultaneous analysis of the data sets gave a single tree supporting monophyly of all continental species, as well as monophyly of the taxa from circumpolar lakes and from the Caspian Sea. A clade of three circumarctic marine species was sister group to the continental taxa, whereas Atlantic species had more distant relationships to the others. Small molecular differentiation among the morphologically diverse endemic species from the Caspian Sea suggested their recent speciation, while the phenotypically more uniform "glacial relict" species from circumpolar lakes (Mysis relicta group) showed deep molecular divergences. For the length-variable ITS2 region both direct optimization and a priori alignment procedures gave similar topologies, although the former approach provided a better overall resolution. In terms of partitioned Bremer support (PBS), mitochondrial protein coding genes provided the largest contribution (83%) to the total tree resolution. This estimate however, appears to be partly spurious, due to the concerted inheritance of mitochondrial characters and probable cases of introgression or ancestral polymorphism. © The Willi Hennig Society 2005. 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