Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Associate
Kinds of Associate Terms modified by Associate Selected AbstractsTHE EPITHELIAL BRUSH BORDER Na+/H+ EXCHANGER NHE3 ASSOCIATES WITH THE ACTIN CYTOSKELETON BY BINDING TO EZRIN DIRECTLY AND VIA PDZ DOMAIN-CONTAINING Na+/H+ EXCHANGER REGULATORY FACTOR (NHERF) PROTEINSCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOLOGY AND PHYSIOLOGY, Issue 8 2008Boyoung Cha SUMMARY 1The Na+/H+ exchanger NHE3 associates with the actin cytoskeleton by binding ezrin both directly and indirectly. Both types of interaction are necessary for acute regulation of NHE3. Most acute regulation of NHE3 occurs by changes in trafficking via effects on exocytosis and/or endocytosis. However, NHE3 activity can also be regulated without changing the surface expression of NHE3 (change in turnover number). 2A positive amino acid cluster in the a-helical juxtamembrane region in the COOH-terminus of NHE3 (amino acids K516, R520 and R527) is necessary for binding to the protein 4.1, ezrin, radixin, moesin (FERM) domain III of ezrin. Direct binding of NHE3 to ezrin is necessary for many aspects of basal trafficking, including basal exocytosis, delivery from the synthetic pathway and movement of NHE3 in the brush border (BB), which probably contributes to endocytosis over a prolonged period of time. 3In addition, NHE3 binds indirectly to ezrin. The PDZ domain-containing proteins Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF) 1 and NHERF2, as intermediates in linking NHE3 to ezrin, are necessary for many aspects of NHE3 regulation. The binding of NHERF,ezrin/radixin/moesin to NHE3 occurs in the cytosolic domain of NHE3 between amino acids 475 and 689. This NHERF binding is involved in the formation of the NHE3 complex and restricts NHE3 mobility in the BB. However, it is dynamic; for example, changing in some cases of signalling. Furthermore, NHERF binding is necessary for lysophosphatidic acid stimulation of NHE3 and inhibition of NHE3 by Ca2+, cAMP and cGMP. [source] The Story of the Attempted Assassination of Justice Field by a Former Associate on the Supreme Bench of CaliforniaJOURNAL OF SUPREME COURT HISTORY, Issue 2 2005HON. GEORGE C. GORHAM [source] Associate and Baccalaureate Degree Final Semester Students' Perceptions of Self-Efficacy Concerning Community Health Nursing CompetenciesPUBLIC HEALTH NURSING, Issue 4 2000Linda Moore Rosen D.N.Sc. A quantitative study was undertaken to examine whether final semester associate degree nursing (ADN) and baccalaureate degree nursing (BSN) students who experienced community health nursing content perceived themselves as self-efficacious to work as community health nurses (CHNs) with individuals, families, and communities. Additionally, the study examined the variance of perceived self-efficacy (PSE) accounted for by antecedent variables, performance accomplishments (PA), vicarious experience (VE), verbal persuasion (VP), and emotional arousal (EA). Questionnaires were mailed to faculty liaisons from 34 randomly selected National League for Nursing (NLN)-accredited schools in the United States. Statistical analysis revealed that the ADN and BSN final semester students perceived themselves to be equally self-efficacious to work with individuals and families. Significant differences were found, however, between the ADN and BSN students on PSE to work with communities. PA and VE explained 15% of the PSE variance suggesting that actual and VE contributes positively to a students' PSE to work as a CHN. [source] Aberrant EGFR and Chromosome 7 Associate with Outcome in Laryngeal Cancer,THE LARYNGOSCOPE, Issue 7 2005Larry E. Morrison PhD Objectives/Hypothesis: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) over-expression has been reported as a prognostic indicator in laryngeal cancer; however, the association with disease outcome has been inconsistent among studies. Here, we use fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in addition to immunohistochemistry to assess laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) to determine whether FISH can better predict patient outcome. Study Design: Retrospective study on 59 patients presenting with advanced disease. Methods:EGFR and chromosome 7 genomic statuses were measured using FISH, and EGFR expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens and correlated with outcome in the 59 patients. Results: EGFR expression was marginally associated with outcome, whereas both EGFR and chromosome 7 FISH status were significantly associated with outcome, and the combination of EGFR and chromosome 7 FISH status provided the strongest association of any two combined parameters (P = .0004). Combining EGFR expression with EGFR and chromosome 7 FISH status provided further improvement (P > .0001). Conclusions: Measurements of EGFR and chromosome 7 FISH status, and to a lesser extent EGFR expression, have potential value in treatment planning for patients with laryngeal SCC. [source] Allograft-Specific Cytokine Profiles Associate with Clinical Outcome After Islet Cell TransplantationAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 2 2009V. A. L. Huurman Islet cell transplantation can cure type 1 diabetes, but allograft rejection and recurrent autoimmunity may contribute to decreasing insulin independence over time. In this study we report the association of allograft-specific proliferative and cytokine profiles with clinical outcome. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained of 20 islet recipients. Cytokine values in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) were determined using stimulator cells with graft-specific HLA class II. Qualitative and quantitative cytokine profiles were determined before and after islet transplantation, blinded from clinical outcome. Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte precursor (CTLp) assays were performed to determine HLA class I alloreactivity. Allograft-specific cytokine profiles were skewed toward a Th2 or regulatory (Treg) phenotype after transplantation in insulin-independent, but not in insulin-requiring recipients. IFN,/IL10 ratio and MLC proliferation decreased after transplantation in insulin-independent recipients (p = 0.006 and p = 0.01, respectively). Production of the Treg cytokine IL10 inversely correlated with proliferation in alloreactive MLC (p = 0.008) and CTLp (p = 0.005). Production of IL10 combined with low-MLC reactivity associated significantly with insulin independence. The significant correlation between allograft-specific cytokine profiles and clinical outcome may reflect the induction of immune regulation in successfully transplanted recipients. Islet donor-specific IL10 production correlates with low alloreactivity and superior islet function. [source] Allospecific CD154+ T Cells Associate with Rejection Risk After Pediatric Liver TransplantationAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 1 2009C. Ashokkumar Antigen-specific T cells, which express CD154 rapidly, but remain untested in alloimmunity, were measured with flow cytometry in 16-h MLR of 58 identically-immunosuppressed children with liver transplantation (LTx), to identify Rejectors (who had experienced biopsy-proven rejection within 60 days posttransplantation). Thirty-one children were sampled once, cross-sectionally. Twenty-seven children were sampled longitudinally, pre-LTx, and at 1,60 and 61,200 days after LTx. Results were correlated with proliferative alloresponses measured by CFSE-dye dilution (n = 23), and CTLA4, a negative T-cell costimulator, which antagonizes CD154-mediated effects (n = 31). In cross-sectional observations, logistic regression and leave-one-out cross-validation identified donor-specific, CD154 + T-cytotoxic (Tc)-memory cells as best associated with rejection outcomes. In the longitudinal cohort, (1) the association between CD154 + Tc-memory cells and rejection outcomes was replicated with sensitivity/specificity 92.3%/84.6% for observations at 1,60 days, and (2) elevated pre-LTx CD154 + Tc-memory cell responses were associated with significantly increased incidence (p = 0.02) and hazard (HR = 7.355) of rejection in survival/proportional hazard analysis. CD154 expression correlated with proliferative alloresponses (r = 0.835, p = 7.1e-07), and inversely with CTLA4 expression of allospecific CD154 + Tc-memory cells (r =,0.706, p = 3.0e-05). Allospecific CD154 + T-helper-memory cells, not CD154 + Tc-memory, were inhibited by increasing Tacrolimus concentrations (p = 0.026). Collectively, allospecific CD154 + T cells provide an estimate of rejection risk in children with LTx. [source] Anthony Patrick Fairall (1943,2008)ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS, Issue 3 2009Patrick Alan Woudt Associate of the RAS, mapper of the large-scale structure of the local universe, and popular astronomy author and advocate, well-known as Director of Cape Town Planetarium. [source] Vascular Patterns in Glioblastoma Influence Clinical Outcome and Associate with Variable Expression of Angiogenic Proteins: Evidence for Distinct Angiogenic SubtypesBRAIN PATHOLOGY, Issue 2 2003Peter Birner MD No data exist on angiogenic patterns and their prognostic impact in human glioblastoma. Such data are relevant for translation of antiangiogenic therapies into clinical applications. Using immunohistochemistry for CD34, we assessed vascular patterns in 114 primary glioblastomas. Vascular patterns comprised unevenly distributed glomeruloid/garland-like/clustered bizarre vascular formations and evenly distributed delicate capillary-like microvessels ("classic" vascular pattern). The combination of low content of bizarre vascular formations and prominent classic vascular pattern (n=29) was an independent factor for longer survival (p= 0.006, Cox regression), as well as postoperative high Karnofsky performance status (p=0.005). In patients with a prominent classic vascular pattern, there was no difference of MIB1 labeling index whereas microvessel density and apoptotic index (TUNEL) were significantly higher as compared to all other patients (p<0.05). In addition, diffuse expression of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1, and strong expression of vascular endothelial growth factor were more common (p<0.05, Chi-square test). FISH revealed loss of chromosomes 1p and 19q only in 1/7 long-time survivors with classic pattern. We conclude that vascular patterns in primary glioblastoma influence clinical outcome and associate with variable expression of angiogenic proteins. Our findings denote for the first time distinct angiogenic subtypes of human glioblastoma which may prove relevant for anti-angiogenic therapy approaches. [source] Progress and challenge in Nurture Groups: evidence from three case studiesBRITISH JOURNAL OF SPECIAL EDUCATION, Issue 4 2005Paul Cooper Nurture Groups have come to play a key role in the mainstream education of young children experiencing social, emotional and behavioural difficulties. In this article, Paul Cooper, Professor of Education, and Yonca Tiknaz, EdD Research Associate, both of the School of Education at the University of Leicester, explore the perceptions of mainstream and Nurture Group staff about the nature, purposes and impact of Nurture Group practice. Their analysis is based on data from three case studies, carried out in 2003, of Nurture Groups for pupils in Years 1 and 2 of their primary education. A key feature of this article is its focus on some of the challenges faced by apparently successful Nurture Groups in achieving a coherent and sustained form of intervention in the context of a whole-school approach. The authors show that mainstream and Nurture Group staff value Nurture Groups and see them as making a significant contribution to the progress of pupils, particularly in the areas of social and emotional development and behaviour. These findings are consistent with earlier studies. However, the lack of effective communication between Nurture Group staff and mainstream staff and difficulties over balance in Nurture Groups are highlighted as important factors that may, in some circumstances, inhibit educational progress. This paper helps to extend our understanding of some of the ,opportunity costs' and ,opportunity gains' that might be associated with the Nurture Group approach because of the temporary separation of children in Nurture Groups from mainstream schooling. [source] The Value of Vocalizing: Five-Month-Old Infants Associate Their Own Noncry Vocalizations With Responses From CaregiversCHILD DEVELOPMENT, Issue 3 2009Michael H. Goldstein The early noncry vocalizations of infants are salient social signals. Caregivers spontaneously respond to 30%,50% of these sounds, and their responsiveness to infants' prelinguistic noncry vocalizations facilitates the development of phonology and speech. Have infants learned that their vocalizations influence the behavior of social partners? If they have, infants should show an extinction burst in vocalizing when adults temporarily stop responding to infant vocalizations. Thirty-eight 5-month-olds were tested in the still-face paradigm with an unfamiliar adult. When the adult assumed a still face, infants showed an extinction burst. Thus, 5-month-olds have learned the social efficacy of their vocalizations on caregivers' behavior. Furthermore, the magnitude of 5-month infants' extinction bursts predicted their language comprehension at 13 months. [source] Appraising, researching and conceptualizing criminal thinking: a personal viewCRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 2 2006GLENN D. WALTERS Background,It is argued that current interest in the concept of criminal thinking has its roots in traditional theories of criminology and criminal justice such as Sutherland's differential association model, neutralization theory, and Yochelson and Samenow's criminal personality. Aim,The purpose of this paper is to briefly review and summarize theory, research, and practice on criminal thinking as it relates to the author's work in this area. Conclusions,Three self-report inventories , the Criminal Sentiments Scale (CSS), the Psychological Inventory of Criminal Thinking Styles (PICTS), and the Measures of Criminal Attitudes and Associates (MCAA); three principal areas of research , criminal thinking as a predictor of criminal behaviour, offence as a moderator of criminal thinking, and changes in criminal thinking leading to changes in criminal behaviour; and a general theory of criminal thinking are briefly reviewed in this paper. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Indirect Ingratiation: Pleasing People by Associating Them with Successful Others and by Praising Their AssociatesHUMAN COMMUNICATION RESEARCH, Issue 2 2010Nurit Tal-Or Most of the literature on impression management considers direct tactics such as self-promoting by mentioning personal achievements and ingratiating by complimenting others. These direct tactics can backfire if the target recognizes the hidden motive behind them. Therefore, people often use indirect impression management tactics. Previous research has shown that people promote themselves indirectly by associating themselves with successful others or by magnifying the characteristics of others to whom they are connected. The current research suggests that when the motive is ingratiation, the impression manager highlights the success of a person who is close to the target of ingratiation. The four experiments of the current research documented this tactic and examined its consequences for the impression manager and for the target. La recherche indirecte de faveurs : plaire aux gens en les associant à des personnes ayant réussi et en faisant l'éloge de leurs proches Nurit Tal-Or La plupart de la littérature sur la gestion de l'impression examine les tactiques directes comme l'autopromotion par la mention de réussites personnelles et la recherche des faveurs des autres en les complimentant. Ces tactiques directes peuvent avoir l'effet inverse si la cible reconnaît la motivation cachée derrière. Les gens utilisent donc souvent des tactiques indirectes de gestion de l'impression. La littérature a montré que les gens se promeuvent indirectement en s'associant avec des gens ayant réussi ou en embellissant les caractéristique de ceux et celles auxquels ils sont liés. Cette étude suggère que lorsque le motif est la recherche de faveurs, la personne qui gère l'impression souligne les succès d'un individu proche de celui ou celle dont elle veut les faveurs. Les quatre expériences de cette étude ont documenté cette tactique et examiné ses conséquences pour la personne gérant l'impression et pour sa cible. Indirekte Integration: Das Zufriedenstellen von Menschen durch die Assoziation mit erfolgreichen Anderen und durch das Loben ihrer Kollegen Nurit Tal-Or Die meiste Literatur zu Impression-Management betrachtet direkte Taktiken wie Selbsterhöhung durch das Erwähnen persönlicher Errungenschaften und das Beliebtmachen durch das Verteilen von Komplimenten an andere. Diese direkten Taktiken können sich allerdings ins Gegenteil verkehren, wenn die Zielperson die dahinter versteckten Motive bemerkt. Daher nutzen Menschen oft indirekte Taktiken des Impression-Management. Forschung zeigt, dass Menschen sich indirekt erhöhen, indem sie sich mit erfolgreichen anderen in Verbindung setzen oder indem sie die Eigenschaften anderer überhöhen, mit denen sie sich assoziieren. Vorliegende Studie zeigt, dass wenn das Motiv Beliebtmachen ist, der Impression-Manager den Erfolg einer Person hervorhebt, die nah am Ziel des Beliebtmachens ist. Die vier Experimente dokumentieren diese Taktik und untersuchen seine Konsequenzen für Impression-Manager und für das Ziel. El Congraciamiento Indirecto: Satisfaciendo a las Personas mediante su Asociación con Otros más Exitosos y mediante el Elogio de sus Asociados Nurit Tal-Or Department of Communication, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 31905, Israel Resumen Mucha de la literatura sobre el manejo de la impresión considera las tácticas directas tales como la promoción personal a través de la mención de logros personales y el congraciamiento a través del halago a otros. Estas tácticas directas pueden fracasar si el objetivo o blanco reconoce el motivo escondido detrás de ellos. Por consiguiente, la gente usa a menudo tácticas indirectas de manejo de la impresión. La investigación previa ha demostrado que la gente se auto promueve indirectamente mediante la asociación de sí mismo con otros más exitosos o incrementando las características de los otros con quienes ellos están conectados. La investigación corriente sugiere que cuando el motivo es el congraciamiento, el manejador de la impresión destaca el éxito de la persona cercana al blanco de congraciamiento. Los 4 experimentos de la corriente investigación documentaron esta táctica y examinaron sus consecuencias para el que maneja la impresión y para el blanco. [source] Accounting for Joint Ventures and Associates in Canada, UK, and US: Do US Rules Hide Information?JOURNAL OF BUSINESS FINANCE & ACCOUNTING, Issue 3-4 2006Kazbi Soonawalla Abstract: Unlike US GAAP, accounting principles in Canada and the UK require disclosure of disaggregated components of joint ventures and associates. Using comparative analysis of Canadian, UK and US data, this study investigates the potential loss of forecasting and valuation relevant information from aggregating joint venture and associate accounting amounts. Findings show that aggregating joint venture and associate investment numbers, and aggregating joint venture revenues and expenses, each leads to loss of forecasting and valuation relevant information. Thus, current US accounting principles likely mask information that financial statement users could use to predict future earnings and explain share prices. [source] Transposition of the Left Carotid Artery to the Ascending Aorta to Repair Aortic Arch InjuryJOURNAL OF CARDIAC SURGERY, Issue 1 2009Salvatore Lentini M.D. A 52-year-old man presented to our department with a penetrating chest wound by a gunshot in the attempt of suicide. The aortic arch and the insertion of the left carotid artery were involved in the lesion. Through sternotomic approach, the aortic arch was repaired in extracorporeal circulation. Left carotid artery was transected to allow easier repair of the arch posterior wall involved in the lesion, and to reduce the danger of residual stenosis. Then, it was translocated to the ascending aorta by interposing a 7-mm Gore-Tex (W.L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ, USA) conduit. The patient complicated renal failure and pneumonia in the postoperative period, but eventually he was discharged in good general conditions. [source] Comparison of infrabony defects treated with enamel matrix derivative versus guided tissue regeneration with a nonresorbable membraneJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 5 2003A multicenter controlled clinical trial Abstract Aim: The purpose of the present multicenter clinical trial was to compare the efficacy of two different procedures in the treatment of infrabony defects: guided tissue regeneration (GTR) with nonresorbable membranes and enamel matrix derivative (EMD). Material and methods: Six centers participated in this study. Ninety-eight patients with an interproximal infrabony defect were selected. All patients were treated with an initial phase of scaling and root planing, and at the study's baseline the selected defects presented a value of probing depth (PD) ,6 mm with an infrabony component ,4 mm. Forty-nine patients were treated with GTR procedures (using ePTFE membranes (Gore-Tex W.L. Gore and Associates, Flagstaff, AZ, USA)) and forty-nine with EMDs (Emdogain® (Û Biora AB Malm, Sweden)). The efficacy of each treatment modality was investigated through covariance analysis. Results: The patients were reevaluated at one year postop. Probing attachment level (PAL) gain and PD reduction were analyzed. In the Emdogain® group the PAL before surgery (PAL 0) and the PD before surgery (PD 0) were respectively 9.9±1.4 and 8.5±1.6 mm. The PAL gain and the PD reduction at 1 year postsurgery were respectively 4.1±1.8 and 5.3±1.9 mm. The group of patients treated with membranes showed that PAL 0 and PD 0 were respectively 8.9±1.9 and 8.1±1.9. The PAL gain was 4.3±1.9 mm and the PD reduction was 5.6±1.5 mm. The mean PAL gain expressed by percentage (PAL gain/PAL 0) for the group treated with EMD was 41%, while it was 48% for the group treated with GTR. Results from our analysis suggest that there is no statistically significant difference between GTR and EMD treatments in terms of PAL gain, PD reduction and recession variation. Applying the regression model to a group of patients with a PAL 0 ,8 mm, we observed a better clinical outcome in terms of PAL gain (difference of 0.3 mm) in patients treated with the GTR procedure compared to those treated with EMD. Covariance analysis showed a strong correlation in both groups of patients between PAL gain and full mouth bleeding score, and between PAL gain and defect morphology and depth. Zusammenfassung Ziel: Der Zweck der vorliegenden klinischen Multicenterstudie war der Vergleich der Effektivität von zwei unterschiedlichen Prozeduren in der Behandlung von intraalveolären Defekten: gesteuerte Geweberegeneration (GTR) mit nicht resorbierbaren Membranen und Schmelz-Matrix-Derivaten (EMD). Material und Methoden: Sechs Zentren nahmen an der Studie teil. 98 Patienten mit approximalen intraalveolären Defekten wurden ausgesucht. Alle Patienten wurden in der initialen Phase mit Wurzelreinigung und ,glättung behandelt, und zur Basis der Studie zeigten die ausgewählten Defekte Sondierungstiefen von 6 mm mit einem intraalveolären Anteil von 4 mm. 49 Patienten wurden mit dem GTR Verfahren (unter Nutzung einer e-PTFE Membran1) und 49 Patienten mit den Schmelz-Matrix-Derivaten (Emdogain®2) behandelt. Die Effektivität von jeder Behandlungsvariante wurde mit der Kovarianzanalyse untersucht. Ergebnisse: Die Patienten wurden 1 Jahr nach der Operation reevaluiert. Die Veränderungen des Stützgewebeniveaus (PAL) und die Reduktion der Sondierungstiefen (PD) wurden analysiert. In der Emdogain® Gruppe betrugen die PAL (PAL 0) und die PD (PD 0) vor der Chirurgie 9,9±1,4 mm und 8,5±1,6 mm. Der PAL Gewinn und die PD Verringerung nach einem Jahr postoperativ waren 4,1±1,8 mm und 5,3±1,9 mm. Die Gruppe der Patienten, die mit Membranen behandelt worden waren, zeigten Werte von PAL 0 und PD 0 von 8,9±1,9 mm und 8,1±1,9 mm. Der PAL Gewinn betrug 4,3±1,9 mm und die PD Reduktion 5,6±1,5 mm. Der mittlere PAL Gewinn in Prozent (PAL Gewinn/PAL 0) für die EMD-Gruppe war 41%, während er für die GTR-Gruppe 48 % betrug. Die Ergebnisse unserer Analyse zeigen, dass keine statistisch signifikante Differenz zischen GTR und EMD Behandlungen in Bezug auf PAL Gewinn, PD Reduktion und REC Veränderung bestand. Unter Nutzung der Regressionsanalyse für eine Gruppe mit PAL 0 ,8 mm beobachteten wir ein besseres klinisches Ergebnis bezüglich des PAL Gewinns (Differenz 0,3 mm) bei GTR-Patienten verglichen mit EMD-Patienten. Die Kovarianzanalyse zeigte eine starke Korrelation in beiden Patientengruppen zwischen PAL Gewinn und dem vollständigen Blutungsindex (FMBS) sowie zwischen PAL Gewinn und Morphologie und Tiefe des Defektes. Résumé Le but de cet essai clinique multicentrique a été de comparer l'efficacité de deux processus différents dans le traitement des lésions intraosseuses : la régénération tissulaire guidée (GTR) avec des membranes non-résorbables et les dérivés de la matrice amélaire (EMD). Six centres ont participéà cette étude. Nonante-huit patients avec une lésion intraosseuse interproximale ont été sélectionnés. Tous ont été traités par une phase initiale de détartrage et surfaçage, et au début de l'étude les lésons sélectionnées avaient une profondeur de poche de 6 mm (PD) avec un composant infraosseux ,4 mm. Quarante-neuf patients ont été traités par GTR en utilisant une membrane en téflon et 49 par EMD (Emdogain®2). L'efficacité de chaque traitement a étéétudiée par l'analyse de co-variance. Les patients ont été réévalués un an après l'opération. Le gain du niveau d'attache au sondage (PAL) et la réduction de PD ont été analysés. Dans le groupe EMD, le PAL et le PD présents avant la chirurgie, (PAL 0) et (PD 0), étaient respectivement de 9,9±1,4 mm et de 8,5±1,6 mm. Le gain PAL et la réduction de PD après une année étaient respectivement de 4,1±1,8 mm et 5,3±1,9 mm. Le groupe de patients traités avec les membranes accusaient un PAL 0 et un PD 0 qui étaient respectivement de 8,9±1,9 mm et de 8,1±1,9 mm. Le gain PAL était de 4,3±1,9 mm après une année tandis que la réduction PD était de 5,6±1,5 mm. Le gain PAL moyen exprimé en pourcentage (gain PAL/PAL 0) pour le groupe traité avec EMD était de 41% tandis qu'il était de 48 % dans le groupe traité par GTR. Les résultats de cette analyse suggèrent qu'il n'y a aucune différence statistique entre les traitements GTR et EMD en terme de gain PAL, de réduction PD et dans le changement de récession. Lors de l'utilisation du modèle de régression sur un groupe de patients avec un PAL 0 ,8 mm, une guérison clinique supérieure était observée dans le gain PAL (différence de 0,3 mm) chez les patients traités avec GTR comparés à ceux traités par EMD. L'analyse de co-variance montrait une relation importante dans les deux groupes de patients entre le gain PAL et le score de saignement de l'ensemble de la bouche, et entre le gain PAL et la morphologie de la lésion et sa profondeur. [source] Strategies for enhancing the adoption of school-based prevention programs: Lessons learned from the Blueprints for Violence Prevention replications of the Life Skills Training programJOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 3 2003Abigail A. Fagan Widespread implementation of effective programs is unlikely to affect the incidence of violent crime unless there is careful attention given to the quality of implementation, including identification of the problems associated with the process of implementation and strategies for overcoming these obstacles. Here we describe the results of a process evaluation focused on discovering common implementation obstacles faced by schools implementing the Life Skills Training (LST) drug prevention program. The evaluation was conducted by the Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence (CSPV) under the Blueprints for Violence Prevention Initiative in conjunction with the designer of the LST program, Dr. Gilbert Botvin and his dissemination agency, National Health Promotion Associates (NHPA), and was funded by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP). This evaluation revealed that the 70 sites involved in the project faced many obstacles when implementing this science-based program in the "real" classroom setting, outside the rigorous controls of a research trial. Nonetheless, the schools were very successful in delivering the program in its entirety and with a high level of fidelity to the program model, and we attribute much of this success to the high level of independent monitoring provided by CSPV, as well as our ongoing efforts to work with schools to identify and overcome problems associated with implementation. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 31: 235,253, 2003. [source] Language, Literacy, and Power in SchoolingJOURNAL OF LINGUISTIC ANTHROPOLOGY, Issue 1 2007Laurie Schick Language, Literacy, and Power in Schooling. Teresa L. McCarty, ed. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2005. xxvii. 317 pp. [source] The amicus view: What they're saying about Hall Street Associates, and whyALTERNATIVES TO THE HIGH COST OF LITIGATION, Issue 10 2007Russ Bleemer Excerpts are provided from each of the five friend-of-the-court briefs in Hall Street Associates v. Mattel, which is to be argued this month in the U.S. Supreme Court, as well as the filers' interests in the case. The Court also takes another arbitration case for the current term, and the American Arbitration Association issues new mediation rules [source] Life cycle inventory and analysis of re-usable plastic containers and display-ready corrugated containers used for packaging fresh fruits and vegetablesPACKAGING TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, Issue 5 2006S. Paul Singh Abstract Today's demanding distribution challenges require engineers to choose from various types of materials, design and construction methods, to develop containers that can deliver goods with minimal damage. The challenge is even greater when packing and shipping goods which are perishable and sensitive to both physical and climatic changes in environment. In recent years the type of packaging material used to design and construct containers has undergone more scrutiny than ever, due to environmental challenges. This study focuses on two types of containers that have been designed and are being used to pack and ship fresh fruits and vegetables. The study compares the re-usable plastic containers to single-use display-ready paper corrugated trays. Results show that, based on the scope of this study and comparing 10 different produce items, such as apples, carrots, grapes, oranges, onions, tomatoes, strawberries, etc., the re-usable plastic containers require 39% less total energy, produce 95% less total solid waste and generate 29% less total greenhouse gas emissions. This study focused on the North American market. Major European nations have been using a large number of re-usable plastic containers for these types of fresh produce for the past three decades. This study was initiated by the Franklin Associates, an independent consulting firm for allowing an in-depth review of all data and results from a two year study titled: Life Cycle Inventory of Reusable Plastic Containers and Display-Ready Corrugated Containers Used for Fresh Produce Applications. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Associates of school absenteeism in adolescents with sickle cell diseasePEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 1 2009Lisa A. Schwartz PhD Abstract Background Despite high rates of school absenteeism in adolescents with sickle cell disease (SCD), the issue remains understudied. Potential associates of school absenteeism in adolescents with SCD include demographic (age, income), psychosocial (IQ, self-efficacy, competence, internalizing symptoms, negative thinking), and health-related (hemoglobin, health-care utilization, pain, disease knowledge). Procedure Forty participants ages 12,18 completed measures of psychosocial functioning, IQ, and pain. Medical chart reviews identified other health-related variables. A subsample also completed an assessment of goals. Using school records, absenteeism was the percent of school days missed in the previous year. Correlations tested associates of absenteeism and linear regression tested a model of absenteeism. Results Participants missed an average of 12% of the school year and more than 35% missed at least 1 month of school. Health-related and psychosocial variables, but not demographic variables, correlated with absenteeism. Attendance at clinic appointments and parent-reported teen pain frequency were significant associates of absenteeism in the regression model. For those who completed goal assessment, over 40% of goals identified were academically focused. Absenteeism was positively related to current academic goals and health-related hindrance of academic goals, and negatively related to future-oriented academic goals. Conclusions School absenteeism is a significant problem for adolescents with SCD despite the presence of academic goals. Collaboration between schools, parents, patients, and providers to understand and manage the impact of SCD on school attendance is recommended. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;52:92,96. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Nanotechnology and groundwater remediation: A step forward in technology understandingREMEDIATION, Issue 2 2006Christian Macé Nanotechnology application to contaminated site remediation, and especially the use of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles to treat volatile organic compound (VOC)-impacted groundwater, is now recognized as a promising solution for cost-effective in situ treatment. Results obtained during numerous pilot tests undertaken by Golder Associates between 2003 and 2005 in North America (United States and Canada) and Europe have been used to present a synthetic cross-comparison of technology dynamics. The importance of a comprehensive understanding of the site-specific geological, hydrogeological, and geochemical conditions, the selection of appropriate nanoscale particles, the importance of monitoring geochemical parameters during technology application, and the potential of nanoparticle impact on microbial activity are discussed in this article. The variable technology dynamics obtained during six pilot tests (selected among numerous other tests) are then presented and discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Field Trial of Biosparging with Oxygen for Bioremediation of Volatile Organic CompoundsREMEDIATION, Issue 4 2001Kenneth L. Sperry Xpert Design & Diagnostics, LLC (XDD), & Conestoga-Rovers and Associates (CRA) conducted a biosparging field trial at a Superfund site in New Jersey. The biosparging field trial proved that biosparging with oxygen was very effective in promoting the biological destruction of benzene. The approximately 265-day period of oxygen injection successfully reduced benzene concentrations by several orders of magnitude, or even to non-detect values, at least 40 feet from the point of injection. Through co-precipitation of arsenic with oxidized iron, biosparging also effectively reduced total concentrations of arsenic and iron in groundwater. Based on the results of the biosparging field trial, the final remedy for the site has been amended to include the use of biosparging technology as an alternative to groundwater pumping and aboveground treatment in select locations. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons,Inc. [source] PERSPECTIVE: Establishing an NPD Best Practices FrameworkTHE JOURNAL OF PRODUCT INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 2 2006Kenneth B. Kahn Achieving NPD best practices is a top-of-mind issue for many new product development (NPD) managers and is often an overarching implicit, if not explicit, goal. The question is what does one mean when talking about NPD best practices? And how does a manager move toward achieving these? This article proposes a best practices framework as a starting point for much-needed discussion on this topic. Originally presented during the 2004 Product Development Management Association (PDMA) Research Conference in Chicago, the article and the authors' presentation spurred a significant, expansive discussion that included all conference attendees. Given the interest generated, the decision was made to move forward on a series of rejoinders on the topic of NPD best practice, using the Kahn, Barczak, and Moss framework as a focal launching point for these rejoinders. A total of five rejoinders were received and accompany the best practices framework in this issue of JPIM. Each rejoinder brings out a distinct issue because each of the five authors has a unique perspective. The first rejoinder is written by Dr. Marjorie Adams-Bigelow, director of the PDMA's Comparative Performance Assessment Study (CPAS), PDMA Foundation. Based on her findings during the CPAS study, Adams comments on the proposed framework, suggesting limitations in scope. She particularly points out discrepancies between the proposed framework and the framework offered by PDMA's emerging body of knowledge. Dr. Elko Kleinschmidt, professor of marketing and international business at McMaster University, wrote the second rejoinder. Based on his extensive research with Robert G. Cooper on NPD practices, he points out that best practices really raise more questions than answers. Thomas Kuczmarski, president of Kuczmarski and Associates, is the author of the third rejoinder. Kuczmarski highlights that company mindset and metrics are critical elements needing keen attention. Where do these fit,or should they,in the proposed framework? The fourth rejoinder is written by Richard Notargiacomo, consultant for the integrated product delivery process at Eastman Kodak Company. Notargiacomo compares the proposed framework to a best practices framework Kodak has used for new product commercialization and management since 1998. The distinction of the Kodak framework is the inclusion of a product maturity model component. Dr. Lois Peters, associate professor at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI), is the author of the fifth rejoinder. She brings out issues of radical innovation, a natural focal issue of RPI's radical innovation project (RRIP). It is highlighted that radical innovation may require unique, distinctive process characteristics a single framework cannot illustrate. Multiple layers of frameworks may be more appropriate, each corresponding to a level of innovation desired. The overall hope is that the discourse on best practices in this issue of JPIM generates more discussion and debate. Ultimately, the hope is that such discourse will lead to subsequent continued study to help discern what NPD best practice means for our discipline. [source] De Novo Donor-Specific Antibody at the Time of Kidney Transplant Biopsy Associates with Microvascular Pathology and Late Graft FailureAMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 11 2009L. G. Hidalgo We studied whether de novo donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in sera from patients undergoing kidney transplant biopsies associate with specific histologic lesions in the biopsy and prognosis. DSA were assessed in 145 patients at the time of biopsy between 7 days to 31 years posttransplant. DSA was detected in 54 patients (37%), of which 32 represented de novo DSA. De novo DSA was more frequent in patients having late biopsies (34%) versus early biopsies (4%), and was usually either against class II alone or class I and II but rarely against class I alone. Microcirculation inflammation (glomerulitis, capillaritis) and damage (glomuerulopathy, capillary basement membrane multilayering), and C4d staining were associated with de novo DSA. However, the degree of scarring, arterial fibrosis and tubulo-interstitial inflammation did not correlate with the presence of de novo DSA. De novo DSA correlated with reduced graft survival after the biopsy. Thus, de novo DSA at the time of a late biopsy for clinical indication is primarily against class II, and associates with microcirculation changes in the biopsy and subsequent graft failure. We propose careful assessment of de novo DSA, particularly against class II, be performed in all late kidney transplant biopsies. [source] The Paneth Trust; WMAP first results; Virtual Observatory progress; RAS medals, prizes and Associates; writing competition; money for astronomy and astrophysics; archive broadside.ASTRONOMY & GEOPHYSICS, Issue 2 2003Article first published online: 25 MAR 200 Click HERE to view the article. [source] Titelbild: Bautechnik 2/2009BAUTECHNIK, Issue 2 2009Article first published online: 3 FEB 200 Die Jury des "Emporis Skyscraper Award 2008" hat den Mode Gakuen Cocoon Tower in Tokio zum "Wolkenkratzer des Jahres 2008" gewählt. Die Auszeichnung wird seit 2000 jährlich an Gebäude vergeben, die mindestens 100 Meter hoch sind und im Jahr des Awards fertiggestellt wurden; 2008 waren dies 380 Wolkenkratzer. Die Jury begründete die Wahl des Kokon-Tower mit seiner "außergewöhnlich expressiven Architektur und der bemerkenswert stimmigen Einbindung in die Umgebung, die er Nutzern und Besuchern zur Verfügung stellt". Der Entwurf des 203 m hohen Gebäudes ist von Kenzo Tange Associates (s. S. 131 f.). [source] Expanded PTFE bladder neck slings for incontinence in children: the long-term outcomeBJU INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2004P. Godbole OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term outcome of circumferential expanded PTFE (Gore-texTM, WL Gore Associates, Scotland) bladder neck slings for achieving urethral continence in children with a neuropathic bladder. PATIENTS AND METHODS The records were reviewed of 19 children undergoing bladder reconstruction (most with a neuropathic bladder) who had a Gore-tex sling placed circumferentially at the bladder neck, over a 5-year period. Of these, seven had spina bifida; two each spinal dysraphism, surgery for anorectal anomalies and an idiopathic neuropathic bladder; five who developed a neuropathic bladder from other causes, and one born with bladder exstrophy. All children had an uncompliant bladder with a low urethral leak-point pressure on preoperative urodynamics. In all children conventional clean intermittent catheterization and pharmacotherapy had failed. Four had had previous augmentation surgery while 15 had concomitant bladder augmentation and formation of a Mitrofanoff stoma. The main outcome measure was achieving dryness. The original intention of the procedure was also to maintain urethral catheterization. RESULTS Full details of the follow-up were available in 17 patients. Despite initial good short-term results, at a median follow up of 7 years, in 14 patients the sling had to be removed because of erosion, often with transient urethral leakage before the bladder neck subsequently closed. A bladder calculus was associated with each case of erosion except one. CONCLUSION Although in the short term this technique had favourable results, it was not a useful technique in the long term. [source] The regulation of muscle glycogen: the granule and its proteinsACTA PHYSIOLOGICA, Issue 4 2010T. E. Graham Abstract Despite decades of studying muscle glycogen in many metabolic situations, surprisingly little is known regarding its regulation. Glycogen is a dynamic and vital metabolic fuel that has very limited energetic capacity. Thus its regulation is highly complex and multifaceted. The stores in muscle are not homogeneous and there appear to be various metabolic pools. Each granule is capable of independent regulation and fundamental aspects of the regulation appear to be associated with a complex set of proteins (some are enzymes and others serve scaffolding roles) that associate both with the granule and with each other in a dynamic fashion. The regulation includes altered phosphorylation status and often translocation as well. The understanding of the roles and the regulation of glycogenin, protein phosphatase 1, glycogen targeting proteins, laforin and malin are in their infancy. These various processes appear to be the mechanisms that give the glycogen granule precise, yet dynamic regulation. [source] Acute atrial arrhythmogenesis in murine hearts following enhanced extracellular Ca2+ entry depends on intracellular Ca2+ storesACTA PHYSIOLOGICA, Issue 2 2010Y. Zhang Abstract Aim:, To investigate the effect of increases in extracellular Ca2+ entry produced by the L-type Ca2+ channel agonist FPL-64176 (FPL) upon acute atrial arrhythmogenesis in intact Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts and its dependence upon diastolic Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticular Ca2+ stores. Methods:, Confocal microscope studies of Fluo-3 fluorescence in isolated atrial myocytes were performed in parallel with electrophysiological examination of Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts. Results:, Atrial myocytes stimulated at 1 Hz and exposed to FPL (0.1 ,m) initially showed (<10 min) frequent, often multiple, diastolic peaks following the evoked Ca2+ transients whose amplitudes remained close to control values. With continued pacing (>10 min) this reverted to a regular pattern of evoked transients with increased amplitudes but in which diastolic peaks were absent. Higher FPL concentrations (1.0 ,m) produced sustained and irregular patterns of cytosolic Ca2+ activity, independent of pacing. Nifedipine (0.5 ,m), and caffeine (1.0 mm) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) (0.15 ,m) pre-treatments respectively produced immediate and gradual reductions in the F/F0 peaks. Such nifedipine and caffeine, or CPA pre-treatments, abolished, or reduced, the effects of 0.1 and 1.0 ,m FPL on cytosolic Ca2+ signals. FPL (1.0 ,m) increased the incidence of atrial tachycardia and fibrillation in intact Langendorff-perfused hearts without altering atrial effective refractory periods. These effects were inhibited by nifedipine and caffeine, and reduced by CPA. Conclusion:, Enhanced extracellular Ca2+ entry exerts acute atrial arrhythmogenic effects that is nevertheless dependent upon diastolic Ca2+ release. These findings complement reports that associate established, chronic, atrial arrhythmogenesis with decreased overall inward Ca2+ current. [source] Phase transition behavior and structure of the thermotropic liquid crystal 6-{[(4,-{[(undecyl)carbonyl]oxy}biphenyl-4yl)carbonyl]oxy}-1-hexyneCRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY, Issue 9 2006Leijing Liu Abstract The phase transition behaviors and corresponding structures of 6-{[(4,-{[(undecyl)carbonyl]oxy}biphenyl-4yl)carbonyl]oxy}-1-hexyne (A4EE11) were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), polarizing optical microscopy (POM) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). In comparison with the published homologues, 5-{[(4,-heptoxy-biphenyl-4-yl)carbonyl]oxy}-1-pentyne (A3EO7) which shows a monotropic smectic A (SmA) phase and a metastable monotropic smectic C (SmC) phase; 5-{[(4,-heptoxy-biphenyl-4-yl)oxy]carbonyl}- 1-pentyne (A3E'O7) that exhibits three enantiotropic stable liquid crystalline (LC) phases, SmA phase, SmC phase and smectic X (SmX) phase; 5-{[(4,-heptoxy-biphenyl-4-yl)carbonyl]oxy}-1-undecyne (A9EO7) which has a monotropic SmA phase and a metastable crystal phase, A4EE11 integrates the enantiotropy, monotropy and metastability of the LC phases of those three compounds. Upon cooling from isotropic state to room temperature, in the temperature range of 62.0 to 58.5°C, A4EE11 shows an enantiotropic smectic A (SmA) phase with a layer spacing d=32.69Å. Further lowering the temperature, it enters into a metastable monotropic smectic B (SmB) phase with a longer layer spacing d=34.22Å which has a tendency towards crystallization. The metastability of the liquid crystalline phase may associate to the linkage order of the ester bridge between the mesogenic core and the flexible spacer. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||