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Primary Vaccination (primary + vaccination)
Selected AbstractsEfficacy and long-term immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in haemodialysis patientsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PRACTICE, Issue 3 2009A. Ramezani Summary Background:, Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in protection against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in haemodialysis (HD) patients, but the antibody response is variable in this population and the persistence of immunity in them remains largely unknown. In this study we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and long-term immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccine in HD patients. Methods:, In this study, we initially offered HBV vaccination as double dose, four vaccine series schedule (40 ,g injections intramuscularly in the deltoid muscle at 0, 1, 2 and 6 months) to 54 HD patients who were negative for hepatitis B core antibody and did not receive any dose of HBV vaccine previously. Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) tested 1,2 months after completion of vaccination. Then we follow the patients up to 1 year after primary vaccination to evaluate the persistence of immunity (as indicated by serum levels of anti-HBs higher than or equal to 10 IU/l). Results:, After primary vaccination, 87% of patients developed anti-HBs levels above 10 IU/l. 27.8% and 59.2% of them were weak responders and high responders respectively. 13% of patients were non-responders. After 1-year follow-up, 18.18% of responders had lost their anti-HBs (transient responders). All of them were initially in weak responders group and had lower anti-HBs levels. Conclusion:, We found an average percentage of seroconversion after primary HBV vaccination in HD patients. Our study also supported this fact that an antibody titre above 100 IU/l following primary vaccination is necessary to maintain that level of antibody 1 year later. [source] Long-term immunogenicity of preservative-free hepatitis B vaccine formulations in adults,JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY, Issue 10 2009Pierre Van Damme Abstract Vaccination with recombinant hepatitis B vaccines is highly effective in preventing hepatitis B infection. Recently, a preservative-free (PF) formulation of hepatitis B vaccine [GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) Biologicals, Rixensart, Belgium] has been licensed. The immunogenicity of the PF hepatitis B vaccine and antibody persistence 6 years later was assessed in this study. This formulation was compared with the preservative- containing (PC) formulation of the vaccine and a low-preservative (LP) content formulation. Five hundred forty-one healthy adult subjects were evaluated in the primary study. Over 94% of the subjects in the three study groups had seroprotective anti-HBs antibody concentrations (,10,mIU/ml) 1 month after completing primary vaccination. Antibody measurements in 242 healthy adults who returned for the follow-up study and who had received primary vaccination 6 years earlier showed that over 81% of subjects in the three study groups still had anti-HBs antibody concentrations ,10,mIU/ml. No apparent differences in antibody decline or distribution between the study groups were observed. These results indicate that the removal of preservatives from the hepatitis B vaccine does not affect adversely its immunogenicity both in the short and in the longer term. J. Med. Virol. 81:1710,1715, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Humoral immunity to diphtheria, tetanus, measles, and hemophilus influenzae type b in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and response to re-vaccinationPEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER, Issue 6 2009Emine Zengin Abstract Objective Loss of immunity to previous vaccination and timing of re-vaccination in children receiving chemotherapy remains controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the immunity to vaccine preventable diseases in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Procedure Sixty-one patients with ALL and 13 healthy siblings were enrolled. Three study groups included newly diagnosed patients (group 1), patients on maintenance chemotherapy (group 2), and patients that completed chemotherapy (group 3). Blood samples for baseline antibody titers were obtained from all the patients and controls. Patients in group 2 were vaccinated with diphtheria, tetanus, and hemophilus influenzae type b (Hib). Patients in group 3 and controls received the measles vaccine in addition to all the above vaccines. In groups 2 and 3, post-vaccination antibody titers were also obtained. Results Patients and controls had no Hib vaccine during primary vaccination. After chemotherapy median antibody levels against diphtheria, tetanus, measles, and Hib were decreased but tetanus antibodies were still at the protective levels. Proportions of the patients with protective levels were 11.1%, 83.3%, 16.7%, and 16.7% for diphtheria, tetanus, Hib, and measles, respectively. Vaccination achieved protective antibody levels in 81%, 100%, 89.5%, and 70% of the patients for diphtheria, tetanus, Hib, and measles, respectively. Vaccine responses during maintenance were also satisfying. Conclusion We recommend re-vaccination after 3 months of cessation of chemotherapy. Administration of Hib vaccine may be beneficial after the first 3 months of maintenance chemotherapy especially in children with no primary vaccination followed by a second booster dose after cessation of therapy to increase immunity. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2009;53:967,972. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine as primary and booster vaccination in low-birth-weight premature infantsACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 9 2008Liliana Vázquez Abstract Aim: To assess suitability of a combined DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine (Infanrix hexaÔ) for immunization of low-birth-weight (<2.0 kg) preterm infants, with particular focus on the hepatitis B response. Methods: Open-label study in 170 preterm infants receiving primary vaccination at 2, 4 and 6 months of age and booster vaccination at 18,24 months. Enrolment and analysis were stratified in two groups: infants with birth weight between 1.5 kg and 2.0 kg (low birth weight: LBW), infants with BW <1.5 kg (very low birth weight: VLBW). Results: One month after the three dose primary vaccination, 93.7% and 94.9% of infants in VLBW and LBW groups, respectively, had anti-HBs antibody concentrations , 10 mIU/mL. High seroprotection and response rates (92.4,100%) to all vaccine antigens were observed. Those were reinforced (>98%) by booster vaccination for all antigens except for HBs in VLBW children: only 88.7% of those had anti-HBs antibody concentrations , 10 mIU/mL, compared with 96.5% of LBW children (difference statistically not significant). The vaccine was well tolerated in both groups of infants. Conclusion: Preterm infants will benefit by the administration of a primary and booster vaccination with DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib vaccine. [source] | ||||||||||