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Primary RCC (primary + rcc)

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Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Renal cell carcinoma marker reliably discriminates central nervous system haemangioblastoma from brain metastases of renal cell carcinoma

HISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2008
B Ingold
Aims:, The distinction between central nervous system (CNS) metastases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and CNS haemangioblastoma still poses a challenge to the pathologist. Since both entities occur in von Hippel,Lindau disease, this aggravates the issue. The antibody renal cell carcinoma marker (RCC-ma) has been suggested to identify primary RCCs specifically, but its value for diagnosing metastases of RCC is controversial. The aim was to assess two distinct clones of the RCC-ma for their potential to: (i) identify primary RCCs and (ii) differentiate between CNS metastases of clear cell RCC and CNS haemangioblastomas. Methods and results:, Using tissue microarrays, 77% (n = 363; PN-15) and 66% (n = 355; 66.4C2) of clear cell RCCs, and 93% (PN-15) and 74% (66.4C2) of papillary RCCs (n = 46) were immunopositive for RCC-ma, whereas none of the investigated chromophobe RCCs (n = 22) or any of the oncocytomas (n = 15) showed immunoreactivity. Importantly, 50.9% of CNS metastases of clear cell RCCs (n = 55) exhibited RCC-ma expression, whereas all CNS haemangioblastomas (71) were negative. Conclusions:, Both RCC-ma clones, despite some variation in their sensitivity to detect clear cell and papillary RCCs, are of value in differentiating subtypes of primary RCC and are excellent markers for discriminating clear cell lesions in the brain. [source]

Renal cell carcinoma with a huge solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland: A case report

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGY, Issue 12 2008
Takanobu Utsumi
Abstract Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is capable of metastasizing to several organs. Synchronous isolated contralateral adrenal metastasis of the primary RCC is, however, very rare. Herein we report a case of RCC with a huge solitary metastasis to the contralateral adrenal gland that was surgically treated. We scheduled nephrectomy for the left primary RCC and adrenalectomy for the right adrenal tumor. However, at surgery we found a huge right adrenal tumor that had invaded the right kidney, right renal vein, and inferior vena cava. Therefore right nephrectomy was performed simultaneously with resection and reconstruction of the inferior vena cava. Pathological findings demonstrated that the left renal tumor and right adrenal tumor had the same histology. Although the patient required hemodialysis, he remains well at six months postoperatively. So far, there have been only two cases of a solitary contralateral metastatic adrenal tumor that was larger than the primary RCC, thus the present case is the third one. [source]

Contribution of the Src family of kinases to the appearance of malignant phenotypes in renal cancer cells

MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS, Issue 4 2005
Yuko Yonezawa
Abstract Although the constitute activation of the Src family of kinases (Src) has been established as a poor prognostic factor in several types of cancer, the role of Src in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been defined. This study aimed to determine whether Src could contribute to the appearance of malignant phenotypes in RCC. The role of Src in the appearance of malignant phenotypes in RCC was examined in two human renal cancer cell lines, Caki-1 from human metastatic RCC and ACHN from human primary RCC. Src activity in Caki-1 cells was higher than that in ACHN cells, and this difference corresponded to the difference of PP1 (a Src family inhibitor)-induced cytotoxicity on the two cells. The difference in cytotoxicity between the cells did not depend on cell cycle regulation but on the induction of apoptosis, and the difference in apoptosis particularly related to the reduction of the Bcl-xL level. Furthermore, in Caki-1 cells with higher Src activity, Src stimulated the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), partially via the activation of Stat3, and the inhibition of Src activity caused a reduction of the VEGF level in serum, angiogenesis, and tumor development in a xenograft model. These results suggested that Src contributed to the appearance of malignant phenotypes in renal cancer cells, particularly due to the resistance against apoptosis by Bcl-xL and angiogenesis stimulated by Src-Stat3-VEGF signaling. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Costimulatory molecule B7-H1 in primary and metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma

CANCER, Issue 10 2005
R. Houston Thompson M.D.
Abstract BACKGROUND Cancer cell expression of costimulatory molecule B7-H1 has been implicated as a potent inhibitor of T-cell,mediated antitumoral immunity. The authors recently reported that B7-H1 is aberrantly expressed in primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Blockade of B7-H1, as demonstrated in several murine cancer models, now represents a promising therapeutic target in RCC. However, the potential expression of B7-H1 in metastatic RCC has not been investigated. In the current study, the authors updated their primary RCC results with additional follow-up and investigated the potential role of B7-H1 in metastatic RCC. METHODS Between 2000 and 2004, 196 patients underwent nephrectomy and 26 patients had resection of RCC metastases for clear cell RCC. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on tumor cryosections using a B7-H1 monoclonal antibody (clone 5H1). A urologic pathologist quantified the percentage of B7-H1,positive tumor cells and lymphocytes. RESULTS Variable levels of B7-H1 were expressed on primary RCC tumor cells (n = 130 [66.3%]) and primary tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (n = 115 [58.7%]). Patients with high expression of B7-H1 on primary tumor cells and/or lymphocytes were significantly more likely to die of RCC compared with patients with low B7-H1 expression (risk ratio [RR] = 4.17; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.97,8.84; P < 0.001) and this risk persisted in multivariate analysis after adjusting for the Mayo Clinic stage, size, grade, and necrosis score (RR = 2.63; 96% CI, 1.23,5.64; P = 0.013). Of the 26 metastatic specimens, cancer cell and lymphocyte B7-H1 expression were demonstrated in 17 (65.4%) and 18 (69.2%) specimens, respectively. In total, 14 (54.3%) metastatic specimens had high aggregate B7-H1 levels compared with 44.4% in primary RCC specimens. CONCLUSIONS Patients with RCC with high B7-H1 expression were significantly more likely to die even after multivariate analysis. The authors also demonstrated that a high percentage of RCC metastases similarly harbored B7-H1. The authors surmised that B7-H1 blockade may augment current immunotherapy, including patients treated for metastases after cytoreductive nephrectomy. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society. [source]