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Prison System (prison + system)
Selected AbstractsSecuring Safety in the Dutch Prison System: Pros and Cons of a SupermaxTHE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 4 2001Arjen Boin In the Western world, prison systems have to deal with the inherent tension between the need for safety and the aim to offer rehabilitative opportunities to prisoners. Conventional prison wisdom tells us that safety concerns tend to constrain opportunities for rehabilitation, while treatment programmes undermine safety. The small group of violent and escape-prone prisoners found in most prison systems poses a special problem. In theory, two policy options exist in order to deal with this problem: (i) disperse high-risk prisoners throughout the system, or (ii) concentrate high-risk prisoners in a so-called supermax prison. The Dutch prison system has long shifted between concentration and dispersion. In 1993, a supermax was built. This article explains why this shift occurred and how penal experts have dealt with issues of safety and treatment in this new supermax. [source] A Stark Examination of Prison Culture and Prison MinistryDIALOG, Issue 3 2008R.N. Ristad Abstract:, This article offers an insightful examination of prison ministry from the inside, from someone who has been involved with this ministry for over forty-five years. The author discusses four major issues that are particularly costly, both in terms of personal human costs and also financial costs. First, society's misconceptions about prison violence, and the complex, varied ways prisoners experience violence. Second, the false sense of security the current practices of institutionalization create, and the consequences they have on the inmates. Third, the risk factors that can predispose children to ending up in prison, and the lack of care and attention those children often receive. And fourth, the way in which the criminalization of drug abuse has exacerbated many problems with the current prison system. The author concludes his article with some suggestions for reforming the prison system. [source] Carceral Chicago: Making the Ex-offender Employability CrisisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF URBAN AND REGIONAL RESEARCH, Issue 2 2008JAMIE PECK Abstract This article explores the urban labor market consequences of large-scale incarceration, a policy with massively detrimental implications for communities of color. Case study evidence from Chicago suggests that the prison system has come to assume the role of a significant (urban) labor market institution, the regulatory outcomes of which are revealed in the social production of systemic unemployability across a criminalized class of African,American males, the hypertrophied economic and social decline of those ,receiving communities' to which thousands of ex-convicts return, and the remorseless rise of recidivism rates. Notwithstanding the significant social costs, the churning of the prison population through the lower reaches of the labor market is associated with the further degradation of contingent and informal-economy jobs, the hardening of patterns of radical segregation, and the long-term erosion of employment prospects within the growing ex-offender population, for whom social stigma, institutional marginalization and economic disenfranchisement assume the status of an extended form of incarceration. Résumé La politique publique d'incarcération massive, aux implications largement préjudiciables aux communautés de couleur, affecte également le marché du travail des villes. Une étude de cas sur Chicago indique que le système pénitentiaire a fini par devenir une institution importante du marché du travail (urbain) dont les réglementations se traduisent à la fois par la production sociale d'une inemployabilité systémique pour une classe criminalisée de males afro-américains, par le déclin économique et social hypertrophié des ,communautés d'accueil' vers lesquelles retournent des milliers d'ex-prisonniers, et par l'accroissement impitoyable des taux de récidive. Malgré de forts coûts sociaux, le brassage de la population carcérale dans les niveaux inférieurs du marché du travail se combine à la dégradation accrue des postes occasionnels et offerts par l'économie parallèle, mais aussi au durcissement des types de ségrégation radicale et à une érosion durable des perspectives d'emploi au sein de la population grandissante des ex-délinquants pour lesquels stigmatisation sociale, marginalisation institutionnelle et non-reconnaissance économique revêtent une forme d'incarcération prolongée. [source] Development of an educational/support group for pregnant women in prisonJOURNAL OF FORENSIC NURSING, Issue 2 2008Ginette G. Ferszt Ph.D. Abstract It is estimated that 6,10% of women are pregnant when they enter the prison system. The majority have had little, if any, prenatal care and/or childbirth education. Given economic constraints, the educational and support needs of this population are often not met. In response to these needs, an educational/support group was developed and led by a social worker, a mental health clinical nurse specialist, and a nurse midwife in a women's correctional facility in the Northeast. Women in various stages of pregnancy and early postpartum voluntarily attended. The need for education and psychosocial support was overwhelming. This group fostered a safe space for women to discuss real-life issues in a supportive environment. Meeting the educational and support needs of incarcerated women is paramount. [source] Gridlock: chaos and confusion in our prisonsPUBLIC POLICY RESEARCH, Issue 1 2008Peter JM Wayne Behind the headlines and political posturing, the prison system is in crisis, with inhumane conditions and overcrowding making a mockery of justice, argues Peter JM Wayne, who has spent over 20 years inside. [source] Does the NOMS Risk Assessment Bubble Need to Burst for Prisoners Who May be Innocent to Make Progress?THE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 4 2009MICHAEL NAUGHTON Abstract: This article considers, critically, a new course for prison and probation staff who work with indeterminate sentenced prisoners (ISPs) that has been devised by the National Offender Management Service (NOMS), which allows, for the first time, the possibility that some prisoners maintaining innocence may be innocent. However, whilst on its face this looks like a significant step, a closer analysis shows that the rationale and operations of the NOMS system of risk assessment for prisoners maintaining innocence remains trapped in a bubble which deters meaningful assistance to prisoners who may be innocent. As such, prisoners maintaining innocence continue to be faced with the ,parole deal', a situation whereby they claim that they must choose to admit their guilt for crimes that they say that they did not commit in order to make progress through the prison system and obtain their release. [source] Meta-analysis of drug-related deaths soon after release from prisonADDICTION, Issue 9 2010Elizabeth L. C. Merrall ABSTRACT Aims The transition from prison back into the community is particularly hazardous for drug-using offenders whose tolerance for heroin has been reduced by imprisonment. Studies have indicated an increased risk of drug-related death soon after release from prison, particularly in the first 2 weeks. For precise, up-to-date understanding of these risks, a meta-analysis was conducted on the risk of drug-related death in weeks 1 + 2 and 3 + 4 compared with later 2-week periods in the first 12 weeks after release from prison. Methods English-language studies were identified that followed up adult prisoners for mortality from time of index release for at least 12 weeks. Six studies from six prison systems met the inclusion criteria and relevant data were extracted independently. Results These studies contributed a total of 69 093 person-years and 1033 deaths in the first 12 weeks after release, of which 612 were drug-related. A three- to eightfold increased risk of drug-related death was found when comparing weeks 1 + 2 with weeks 3,12, with notable heterogeneity between countries: United Kingdom, 7.5 (95% CI: 5.7,9.9); Australia, 4.0 (95% CI: 3.4,4.8); Washington State, USA, 8.4 (95% CI: 5.0,14.2) and New Mexico State, USA, 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3,7.1). Comparing weeks 3 + 4 with weeks 5,12, the pooled relative risk was: 1.7 (95% CI: 1.3,2.2). Conclusions These findings confirm that there is an increased risk of drug-related death during the first 2 weeks after release from prison and that the risk remains elevated up to at least the fourth week. [source] Securing Safety in the Dutch Prison System: Pros and Cons of a SupermaxTHE HOWARD JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE, Issue 4 2001Arjen Boin In the Western world, prison systems have to deal with the inherent tension between the need for safety and the aim to offer rehabilitative opportunities to prisoners. Conventional prison wisdom tells us that safety concerns tend to constrain opportunities for rehabilitation, while treatment programmes undermine safety. The small group of violent and escape-prone prisoners found in most prison systems poses a special problem. In theory, two policy options exist in order to deal with this problem: (i) disperse high-risk prisoners throughout the system, or (ii) concentrate high-risk prisoners in a so-called supermax prison. The Dutch prison system has long shifted between concentration and dispersion. In 1993, a supermax was built. This article explains why this shift occurred and how penal experts have dealt with issues of safety and treatment in this new supermax. [source] | |||||||||||||