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Present Advantages (present + advantage)
Selected AbstractsCategorizing approaches combining rule-based and case-based reasoningEXPERT SYSTEMS, Issue 2 2007Jim Prentzas Abstract: Rule-based and case-based reasoning are two popular approaches used in intelligent systems. Rules usually represent general knowledge, whereas cases encompass knowledge accumulated from specific (specialized) situations. Each approach has advantages and disadvantages, which are proved to be complementary to a large degree. So, it is well justified to combine rules and cases to produce effective hybrid approaches, surpassing the disadvantages of each component method. In this paper, we first present advantages and disadvantages of rule-based and case-based reasoning and show that they are complementary. We then discuss the deficiencies of existing categorization schemes for integrations of rule-based and case-based representations. To deal with these deficiencies, we introduce a new categorization scheme. Finally, we briefly present representative approaches for the final categories of our scheme. [source] Integrating fuzzy topological maps and fuzzy geometric maps for behavior-based robotsINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, Issue 3 2002Eugenio Aguirre In behavior-based robots, planning is necessary to elaborate abstract plans that resolve complex navigational tasks. Usually maps of the environment are used to plan the robot motion and to resolve the navigational tasks. Two types of maps have been mainly used: metric and topological maps. Both types present advantages and weakness so that several integration approaches have been proposed in literature. However, in many approaches the integration is conducted to build a global representation model, and the planning and navigational techniques have not been fitted to profit from both kinds of information. We propose the integration of topological and metric models into a hybrid deliberative-reactive architecture through a path planning algorithm based on A* and a hierarchical map with two levels of abstraction. The hierarchical map contains the required information to take advantage of both kinds of modeling. On one hand, the topological model is based on a fuzzy perceptual model that allows the robot to classify the environment in distinguished places, and on the other hand, the metric map is built using regions of possibility with the shape of fuzzy segments, which are used later to build fuzzy grid-based maps. The approach allows the robot to decide on the use of the most appropriate model to navigate the world depending on minimum-cost and safety criteria. Experiments in simulation and in a real office-like environment are shown for validating the proposed approach integrated into the navigational architecture. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source] Interface tracking finite volume method for complex solid,fluid interactions on fixed meshesINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, Issue 2 2002H. S. Udaykumar Abstract We present a numerical technique for computing flowfields around moving solid boundaries immersed in fixed meshes. The mixed Eulerian,Lagrangian framework treats the immersed boundaries as sharp solid,fluid interfaces and a conservative finite volume formulation allows boundary conditions at the moving surfaces to be exactly applied. A semi-implicit second-order accurate spatial and temporal discretization is employed with a fractional-step scheme for solving the flow equations. A multigrid accelerator for the pressure Poisson equations has been developed to apply in the presence of multiple embedded solid regions on the mesh. We present applications of the method to two types of problems: (a) solidification in the presence of flows and particles, (b) fluid,structure interactions in flow control. In both these problems, the sharp interface method presents advantages by being able to track arbitrary interface motions, while capturing the full viscous, unsteady dynamics. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Speech adaptation after treatment of full edentulism through immediate-loaded implant protocolsCLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 1 2008Liene Molly Abstract Objectives: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of immediate loading of implants on speech adaptation. Material and methods: Ten patients (mean age 54, 6 females) were examined before surgery and 1, 3, 6 and 12 months afterwards. Articulation analysis was done using objective DAT-recoded data evaluated by two groups of speech and language therapists and a computer software program. Besides, patient VAS-scores, myofunctional problems and hearing impairment were recorded and analysed. Results: In the present study only one patient suffered from deteriorated speech after immediate loading. Other patients showed unaffected or improved articulation 3 to 6 months after surgery with a strident and interdental pronunciation mostly becoming addental. Furthermore, myofunctional problems occurred in one patient, other patients adapted to the new situation after three months. Hearing impairment did not influence speech pathology in this study. Conclusion: Immediate loading of oral implants does not seem to compromise the normal 3,6 months speech adaptation period. Whether such procedure presents advantages to the conventional 2-stage rehabilitation remains to be investigated. [source] | ||||||||||