Home  About us  Contact
 

Pregnancy And Birth (pregnancy + and_birth)

Distribution by Scientific Domains
Medical Sciences87%

Terms modified by Pregnancy And Birth

  • pregnancy and birth outcome
    		•

    Selected Abstracts

    Pregnancy and Birth After Kidney Donation: The Norwegian Experience

    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 4 2009
    A. V. Reisæter
    Reports on pregnancies in kidney donors are scarce. The aim was to assess pregnancy outcomes for previous donors nationwide. The Medical Birth Registry of Norway holds records of births since 1967. Linkage with the Norwegian Renal Registry provided data on pregnancies of kidney donors 1967,2002. A random sample from the Medical Birth Registry was control group, as was pregnancies in kidney donors prior to donation. Differences between groups were assessed by two-sided Fisher's exact tests and with generalized linear mixed models (GLMM). We identified 326 donors with 726 pregnancies, 106 after donation. In unadjusted analysis (Fisher) no differences were observed in the occurrence of preeclampsia (p = 0.22). In the adjusted analysis (GLMM) it was more common in pregnancies after donation, 6/106 (5.7%), than in pregnancies before donation 16/620 (2.6%) (p = 0.026). The occurrence of stillbirths after donation was 3/106 (2.8%), before donation 7/620 (1.1%), in controls (1.1%) (p = 0.17). No differences were observed in the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcome in kidney donors and in the general population in unadjusted analysis. Our finding of more frequent preeclampsia in pregnancies after kidney donation in the secondary analysis must be interpreted with caution, as the number of events was low. [source]

    Encouraging Women to Consider a Less Medicalized Approach to Childbirth Without Turning Them Off: Challenges to Producing Our Bodies, Ourselves: Pregnancy and Birth

    BIRTH, Issue 3 2008
    Kiki Zeldes
    ABSTRACT: Within the United States, women routinely confront negative and distorted ideas about birth, and highly medicalized births are the norm. The writers and editors of Our Bodies, Ourselves: Pregnancy and Birth discuss their efforts to write a book that provides women with accessible, evidence-based information; examines the social, economic, and political factors that shape and constrain childbirth choices; and inspires women to work toward ensuring that all women have access to the full range of safe and satisfying birthing options. (BIRTH 35:3 September 2008) [source]

    Spirituality at the beginning of life

    JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING, Issue 7 2006
    Jennifer Hall MSc, PGDip(HE)
    Aim., The aim of this paper was to explore the issues surrounding the spirit of the unborn child. Background., Pregnancy and birth have been recognised to have a spiritual nature by women and health professionals caring for them. Midwives and nurses are expected to have a holistic approach to care. I suggest that for care to be truly holistic exploration is required of the spiritual nature of the unborn fetus. Methods., Historical, philosophical and religious views of the spirit of the fetus, are explored as well as those of women. Investigation was made of views of the timing of ,ensoulment'. Results., The review demonstrates the value women place on the sacredness of pregnancy and birth, and that the spiritual nature of the unborn should be recognised. Conclusion., This paper shows that the views and values women have of pregnancy and birth and the powerful, spiritual relationship they have with the unborn, indicates that further discussion and research needs to be carried out in this area. Relevance to clinical practice., It is recommended that all who work with women who are pregnant should recognise the spiritual nature of the unborn when carrying out care. [source]

    La Tecnología y Las Monjitas:

    MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY QUARTERLY, Issue 3 2009
    Constellations of Authoritative Knowledge at a Religious Birthing Center in South Texas
    In this article, I contrast conceptualizations of authoritative knowledge in pregnancy and birth between U.S. midwives and their Mexican immigrant clients at a religious birthing center in south Texas. Although the two groups share certain orientations to pregnancy management, essential differences in prenatal care and birth epistemologies underscore distinct social and economic positions. I use narrative data to document and explain these differences, which throw into relief the hierarchies of identity and need that structure immigrant women's reproductive experiences. Unveiling the different epistemologies can also help to explain sometimes radically divergent ideas that have impacted the very survivability of the birthing center. By focusing on Mexican immigrant women's reproductive decision making in an alternative birthing center, this analysis responds to feminists' call to look to the margins to understand the diversity of women's responses to what Rapp and Ginsburg have called "stratified reproduction." [source]

    Medical and midwifery students: how do they view their respective roles on the labour ward?

    AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 4 2002
    Julie A Quinlivan
    ABSTRACT Background It has been suggested that much of the medical and midwifery student curricula on normal pregnancy and birth could be taught as a co-operative effort between obstetric and midwifery staff. One important element of a successful combined teaching strategy would involve a determination of the extent to which the students themselves identify common learning objectives. Aim The aim of the present study was to survey medical and midwifery students about how they perceived their respective learning roles on the delivery suite. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional survey study was undertaken. The study venue was an Australian teaching and tertiary referral hospital in obstetrics and gynaecology. Survey participants were medical students who had just completed a 10 week clinical attachment in obstetrics and gynaecology during the 5th year of a six year undergraduate medical curriculum and midwifery students undertaking a one year full-time (or two year part-time) postgraduate diploma in midwifery. Results Of 130 and 52 questionnaires distributed to medical and midwifery students, response rates of 72% and 52% were achieved respectively. The key finding was that students reported a lesser role for their professional colleagues than they identified for themselves. Some medical students lacked an understanding of the role of midwives as 8%, 10%, and 23% did not feel that student midwives should observe or perform a normal birth or neonatal assessment respectively. Of equal concern, 7%, 22%, 26% and 85% of student midwives did not identify a role for medical students to observe or perform a normal birth, neonatal assessment or provide advice on breastfeeding respectively. Summary Medical and midwifery students are placed in a competitive framework and some students may not understand the complementary role of their future colleagues. Interdisciplinary teaching may facilitate co-operation between the professions and improve working relationships. [source]

    Characteristics and practices of birth centres in Australia

    AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 3 2009
    Paula J. LAWS
    Background: Around 2% of women who give birth in Australia each year give birth in a birth centre. There is currently no standard definition of a birth centre in Australia. Aims: This study aimed to locate all birth centres nationally, describe their characteristics and procedures, and develop a definition. Methods: Surveys were sent to 23 birth centres. Questions included: types of procedures, equipment and pain relief available, staffing, funding, philosophies, physical characteristics and transfer procedures. Of the birth centres, 19 satisfied the inclusion criteria and 16 completed surveys. Results: Three constructs of a birth centre were identified. A ,commitment to normality of pregnancy and birth' was most commonly reported as the most important philosophy (44%). The predominant model of care was group practice/caseload midwifery (63%). Thirteen birth centres were located within/attached to a hospital, two were on a hospital campus and one was freestanding. The distance to the nearest labour ward ranged from 2 m to 15 km. Reported intrapartum transfer rates ranged from 7% to 29%. Thirteen centres had a special care nursery or neonatal intensive care unit onsite, or both. Eight centres undertook artificial rupture of membranes for induction of labour, while two administered oxytocin or prostaglandins. All centres offered nitrous oxide and local anaesthetic. Twelve centres had systemic opioids available and one offered pudendal analgesia. Fetal monitoring was used in all birth centres. Only three centres conducted instrumental deliveries, while 15 performed episiotomies. Conclusion: Birth centres vary in their philosophies, characteristics and service delivery. [source]