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Predilection
Kinds of Predilection Terms modified by Predilection Selected AbstractsGeneralized self-efficacy and performance on the 20-metre shuttle run in childrenAMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2008John Cairney It has been argued that motivation significantly affects the measurement of aerobic capacity when using field tests with children. In this study, the impact of generalized self-efficacy on performance (Stage Completed) in the Léger shuttle run is examined in a cohort of children (N = 2,245, 9.38 ± 0.52 years old) in Grade 4 from 75 elementary schools. Children completed the Children's Self-perceptions of Adequacy in and Predilection for Physical Activity scale (CSAPPA) to establish levels of generalized self-efficacy toward physical activity, were measured for height and weight, and then completed the Léger Shuttle run to predict aerobic capacity. Regression analysis was used to study the impact of self-efficacy on test performance. After adjusting for age, gender, and BMI, two of the three CSAPPA factor subscales, higher perceived adequacy regarding physical activity (, = 0.196, P < 0.001) and greater predilection to select physical over sedentary activities (, = 0.123, P < 0.001), were independently associated with better test performance as indicated by stage completed. Together, self-efficacy accounted for 9% of the total variation in Léger shuttle run performance. A significant interaction between BMI and perceived adequacy was found (, = ,0.106, P < 0.005). Children with both high BMI scores and below average perceived adequacy had the poorest performance results. Generalized self-efficacy, as measured by the CSAPPA, is significantly related to Léger shuttle run performance. Moreover, self-efficacy influences the relationship between other known factors affecting test performance (BMI), suggesting that self-perception of ability/competence has a complex effect on test performance. These results illustrate the importance of considering psychological factors when interpreting physiologic assessments in children. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] The lateral periodontal cyst: aetiology, clinical significance and diagnosisDENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 4 2000N. P. Kerezoudis Abstract , The lateral periodontal cyst (LPC) is a relatively uncommon but widely recognized odontogenic cyst of developmental origin. It is found mostly in adults and has no sex predilection. LPC is usually discovered during routine radiographic examination, is located mainly between the roots of vital mandibular canines and premolars, and seldom causes pain or other clinical symptoms. The defect appears on radiographs as a round or teardrop-shaped, well circumscribed radiolucency. Due to its location it can easily be misdiagnosed as a lesion of endodontic origin. In this paper, two cases of lateral periodontal cysts are presented. In the first case, the patient (woman, 62 years old) complained of an asymptomatic gingival swelling in the region between the right maxillary canine and premolar. The radiographic examination revealed a well circumscribed radiolucency with a radiopaque margin between the roots of the canine and premolar. The adjacent teeth had vital pulp. Surgical enucleation of the lesion was performed and the histological examination revealed that the lesion was a "lateral periodontal cyst of developmental origin". In the second case, the patient (woman, 44 years old) compained of a swelling in the area of tooth 32. During radiographic examination a well circumscribed radiolucency between the roots of the lateral incisor and the canine was discovered. Surgical enucleation of the lesion was performed and the histological examination revealed that the lesion was a "lateral periodontal cyst of developmental origin". [source] Prevalence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Setting of Dermatologic SurgeryDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 3 2009ROGER S. SICA DO BACKGROUND The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in the postoperative setting of dermatologic surgery is unknown. Such data could influence the empirical treatment of suspected infections. OBJECTIVE To examine the period prevalence of MRSA infections in the postoperative setting of dermatologic surgery. METHODS We performed chart reviews of 70 patients who had bacterial cultures taken from January 2007 to December 2007. In the 21 postsurgical cases, we analyzed age, risk factors, sites of predilection, method of repair, and pathogen of growth. RESULTS The mean age of the overall study population was 57, with the mean age of postsurgical MRSA-positive cases being 75.5. Of the 21 postsurgical cultures taken, 16 cultures grew pathogen, and two of the 16 (13%) pathogen-positive cultures grew MRSA. LIMITATIONS This is a retrospective chart review of a relatively small sample size in one geographic location. Our patient population is known to contain a large number of retirees. CONCLUSION The increasing prevalence of MRSA skin and soft tissue infections and recommendation to modify empirical antibiotic therapy have been well documented in particular patient populations, but we caution against the empirical use of MRSA-sensitive antibiotics in the postoperative setting of dermatologic surgery. We advocate culturing all infectious lesions upon presentation and reserve empirical use of MRSA-sensitive antibiotics for high-risk patients or locations. [source] Periungual Basal Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and Literature ReviewDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 2 2006PAUL T. MARTINELLI MD BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma, the most common malignancy in humans, rarely occurs on the nail unit and may be frequently misdiagnosed clinically. OBJECTIVES To present a case of basal cell carcinoma of the nail unit successfully treated with the mohs technique and to review the literature regarding this unique presentation of this tumor. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Case report and review of the English literature of nail unit basal cell carcinoma. RESULTS In addition to the currently described patient, 17 other patients with nail unit basal cell carcinaoma have been reported. The tumor occurred approximately 3 times more often on the fingers then on the toes and had a slight predilection to occur in men. Ulceration, noted in more than one-half of patients, was the most common presentation of nail unit basal cell carcinoma. Mohs micrographic surgery. Often with second intention healing, was successfully employed in 39% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Basal cell carcinaom infrequently involves the nail unit and often presents as ulceration. Adequate biopsy of the lesion is essential in making a timely diagnosis. Mohs micrographic surgery with second intension healing is an effective treatment that may offer excellent cosmetic and functional results. [source] Pilomatrix Carcinoma of the Back Treated by Mohs Micrographic SurgeryDERMATOLOGIC SURGERY, Issue 8 2004David Sable MD Background. Pilomatrix carcinoma (synonyms, matrical carcinoma or malignant pilomatrixoma) is a rare malignant neoplasm derived from the hair matrix first described in 1980. This neoplasm can exhibit local aggressive behavior and distant metastasis. Most pilomatrix carcinomas occur on the head and neck of elderly individuals with a predilection for males (M:F 5:1). Pilomatrix carcinoma is often clinically misdiagnosed as a sebaceous cyst and histologic difficulty can occur in differentiating this entity from the benign entity pilomatrixoma. Objective. The objective was to describe a case of pilomatrix carcinoma encountered in a Mohs micrographic surgery practice. We present the first case of this lesion treated by Mohs surgery. Methods. A case report and literature review are presented. Conclusion. Pilomatrix carcinoma is a rare malignant variant of pilomatrixoma. Given the rarity of this lesion there are no well-defined standards for surgical management. Wide local excision has been recommended given the high rate of reoccurrence. Mohs micrographic surgery may provide optimal treatment of this neoplasm given the ability to have 100% margin control. [source] Angiocentric glioma: A case report and review of the literatureDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2010Ryan T. Mott M.D. Abstract Angiocentric glioma (AG) is a rare central nervous system (CNS) neoplasm that was only recently recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO). AG occurs in a broad age range, shows no gender predilection, and arises superficially in the cerebrum, usually resulting in medically intractable seizures. Most cases are cured by surgical excision alone, consistent with a WHO grade I neoplasm. We report a case of an AG in the right frontal lobe of a 57-year-old female, emphasizing the cytologic and immunohistochemical features, including confirmation and comparison with the surgical specimen. To our knowledge, this is the first report detailing the cytology of AG, including demonstration of important diagnostic findings that were only appreciated in the cytologic preparations and not in the smears or the surgical specimen. We also compare and contrast AG to other entities in the differential diagnosis and include a review of the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Primary small cell carcinoma of the lung initially presenting as a breast mass: A fine-needle aspiration diagnosisDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Wei Liu M.D. Abstract The incidence of metastases to the breast from extramammary sites is relatively low compared with the incidence of primary breast carcinoma. Primary sites which have a predilection for metastases to the breast include, in the order of decreasing frequency, malignant melanoma, lymphoma, lung carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, and soft tissue sarcoma, followed by gastrointestinal and genitourinary primaries. Most lung primaries metastasizing to breast represent adenocarcinoma. Other types of lung carcinoma, including small cell carcinoma, are relatively rare. We report a case of lung small cell carcinoma metastasizing to the breast and initially presenting with a breast mass in a 50-year-old female. The tumor was first diagnosed on a fine-needle aspiration biopsy specimen (FNAB) from the breast lesion and subsequently supported by core biopsy. A discussion of the differential diagnoses to consider on FNAB follows. Because of the difference in treatment for primary small cell carcinoma of breast versus primary small cell carcinoma of the lung, as well as the difference in prognosis for both malignancies, determining the site of primary malignancy is crucial to adequate patient care. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Ecological modernization in the UK: rhetoric or reality?ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND GOVERNANCE, Issue 6 2005Andrea Revell Abstract This paper discusses the degree to which recent trends in UK policy-making amount to a paradigm shift towards the prescriptions of ecological modernization (EM) theory. First, in keeping with EM's ,win,win' philosophy, recent political speeches and policy documents on the environment have expressed the idea that there is no conflict between environmental protection and economic growth. Second, policies have attempted to encourage the invention and diffusion of clean technologies. Third, policy-makers have explored innovative market-based policy approaches to tackle environmental problems. These three trends suggest UK policy-makers' predilection towards EM as a policy strategy. However, there has arguably been less success in terms of a fourth key characteristic of ,ecologically modernized' states, that of environmental policy integration. The paper concludes that New Labour's failure at ,greening government', combined with its economistic and technocratic policy focus, places the UK at the weak end of Christoff's (1996) weak,strong continuum of ecological modernization. As such, environmental imperatives continue to remain ideologically and politically peripheral to conventional economic goals. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. [source] Epidemiology and pathophysiology of immune thrombocytopenic purpuraEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY, Issue 2008Terry Gernsheimer Abstract Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is characterized by the presence of antiplatelet antibodies and immune platelet destruction. The disorder has been described as having a predilection for young women over men. Bone marrow megakaryocytes appear morphologically and quantitatively normal, and early platelet kinetic studies were consistent with reduced platelet survival as the primary abnormality in ITP. During the last 10,20 yr, understanding of the kinetics of this disorder has evolved with evidence that platelet survival is not as abbreviated as previously thought. Thrombopoietin levels are only minimally elevated, if at all, suggesting marrow stimulation and platelet production may not be maximized. Megakaryocyte physiology appears to be altered in ITP, also suggestive of diminished platelet production. It appears both platelet survival and production are impaired in ITP. The epidemiology of ITP is reviewed here and the pathophysiology of ITP is reconsidered. [source] Application of New Organic Fuels in the Direct MgAl2O4 Combustion SynthesisEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, Issue 6 2008Robert Iano Abstract The paper presents a new version of MgAl2O4 solution-combustion synthesis, based on the individual reactivity of Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 with respect to various fuels. Beside the traditionally used fuels (urea, glycine, ,-alanine), new organic reducing agents [monoethanolamine, triethanolamine, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and triethylenetetramine] have also been used. The study of the individual reactivities of Mg(NO3)2 and Al(NO3)3 with respect to each of the previously mentioned fuels suggested that there is a predilection of the two metal nitrates for certain fuels: urea is the optimum fuel for Al(NO3)3, whereas monoethanolamine represents the most suitable fuel for Mg(NO3)2. It has been shown by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis that the use of a single fuel in the MgAl2O4 low-temperature combustion synthesis leads to the formation of an amorphous powder. In this case, the formation of pure crystalline MgAl2O4 requires a subsequent thermal treatment at 900 °C with 1 h soaking time. On the other hand, the use of fuel mixtures containing urea and monoethanolamine or urea and ,-alanine proved to be the rational solution for the direct formation of MgAl2O4. It has been shown that, by using the above-mentioned fuel mixtures, one can obtain pure nanocrystalline MgAl2O4 straight from the combustion reaction, no additional calcination being necessary. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008) [source] Clinical features of non-hypertensive lobar intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathyEUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 6 2010M. Hirohata Background and purpose: The present study aims to clarify the clinical features of non-hypertensive cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related lobar intracerebral hemorrhage (CAA-L-ICH). Methods: We investigated clinical, laboratory, and neuroimaging findings in 41 patients (30, women; 11, men) with pathologically supported CAA-L-ICH from 303 non-hypertensive Japanese patients aged ,55, identified via a nationwide survey as symptomatic CAA-L-ICH. Results: The mean age of patients at onset of CAA-L-ICH was 73.2 ± 7.4 years; the number of patients increased with age. The corrected female-to-male ratio for the population was 2.2, with significant female predominance. At onset, 7.3% of patients received anti-platelet therapy. In brain imaging studies, the actual frequency of CAA-L-ICHs was higher in the frontal and parietal lobes; however, after correcting for the estimated cortical volume, the parietal lobe was found to be the most frequently affected. CAA-L-ICH recurred in 31.7% of patients during the average 35.3-month follow-up period. The mean interval between intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) was 11.3 months. The case fatality rate was 12.2% at 1 month and 19.5% at 12 months after initial ICH. In 97.1% of patients, neurosurgical procedures were performed without uncontrollable intraoperative or post-operative hemorrhage. Conclusions: Our study revealed the clinical features of non-hypertensive CAA-L-ICH, including its parietal predilection, which will require further study with a larger number of patients with different ethnic backgrounds. [source] Listeria monocytogenes: epidemiology, human disease, and mechanisms of brain invasionFEMS IMMUNOLOGY & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY, Issue 2 2008Douglas A. Drevets Abstract Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular bacterium that has predilection for causing central nervous systemic infections in humans and domesticated animals. This pathogen can be found worldwide in the food supply and most L. monocytogenes infections are acquired through ingestion of contaminated food. The main clinical syndromes caused by L. monocytogenes include febrile gastroenteritis, perinatal infection, and systemic infections marked by central nervous system infections with or without bacteremia. Experimental infection of mice has been used for over 50 years as a model system to study the pathogenesis of this organism including the mechanisms by which it invades the brain. Data from this model indicate that a specific subset of monocytes, distinguished in part by high expression of the Ly-6C antigen, become parasitized in the bone marrow and have a key role in transporting intracellular bacteria across the blood-brain barriers and into the central nervous system. This Minireview will summarize recent epidemiologic and clinical information regarding L. monocytogenes as a human pathogen and will discuss current in vitro and in vivo data relevant to the role of parasitized monocytes and the pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie its formidable ability to invade the central nervous system. [source] Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the elderlyGERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL, Issue 1 2010Toru Kubo Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a relatively common genetic cardiac disorder with heterogeneous morphological, functional and clinical features. Although the risk of sudden death and incapacitating symptoms in young patients has been focused upon, the disease has been found with increasing frequency in elderly patients. However, there have been few studies on clinical features of HCM in the elderly. We established a cardiomyopathy registration study in Kochi Prefecture, which is one of the most aged communities in Japan, to provide detailed descriptions of the clinical features of HCM in a community-based patient cohort. The unselected regional HCM population consisted largely of elderly patients (70% of the study cohort being ,60 years of age at registration), although HCM has been regarded largely as a disease of the young. Cardiac hypertrophy that becomes clinically apparent late in life can be a genetic disorder, and mutations in the cardiac myosin-binding protein C gene are the most common cause of late-onset or elderly HCM. In the morphological features, sarcomere gene defects seem to have a predilection for a crescent-shaped left ventricular cavity with reversed septal curvature even in elderly patients, although an ovoid left ventricular shape was frequently seen in elderly patients in previous clinical studies on morphological characteristics of HCM. In middle-aged or elderly patients with HCM, heart failure and embolic events, which were strongly associated with atrial fibrillation, were very important. It is important to manage HCM patients from the standpoint of longitudinal evolution in order to prevent those clinical complications. [source] Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the larynx: A 40-year experienceHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 7 2008Roger V. Moukarbel MD Abstract Background Laryngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare disease. We reviewed our experience at the Princess Margaret Hospital (PMH) with its treatment. Methods This is a retrospective chart review of 15 cases treated at PMH between 1963 and 2005. Results The mean age was 48.6 years. There was no sex predilection. The subglottis was the most common subsite involved. Only 2 patients had regional metastasis. Local or regional recurrence was noted in 5 patients (33.3%). The distant metastasis rate was 66.7% and involved the lungs. The median follow-up time was 6.9 years. The 5- and 10-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 64% and 46%, and 69% and 49%, respectively. Conclusion Laryngeal ACC is a rare disease with a high rate of distant recurrence. Its management should emphasize maximizing local and regional disease control by surgery followed by radiotherapy with distant disease failure eventually dictating survival. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008 [source] Clinical relevance of three subtypes of primary sinonasal lymphoma characterized by immunophenotypic analysisHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 7 2004Gwi Eon Kim MD Abstract Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical relevance of subtypes categorized by immunophenotypic analysis in primary sinonasal lymphomas. Methods. Eighty patients with localized non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the nasal cavity and/or paranasal sinuses were divided into three subtypes on the basis of their immunohistochemical findings: (A) B-cell lymphoma (n = 19), (B) T-cell lymphoma (n = 27), and (C) natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (n = 34). The clinicopathologic profiles, immunophenotypic data, patterns of treatment failure, and survival data among the three patient groups were retrospectively compared. Results. The nasal cavity was the predominant site of involvement in T-cell and NK/T-cell lymphoma, whereas sinus involvement without nasal disease was common in B-cell lymphoma. Systemic B symptoms were frequently observed in NK/T-cell lymphoma. Almost all patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma showed a strong association with the Epstein-Barr virus by in situ hybridization studies. Sixty-five patients (81%) patients achieved complete remission after initial treatment, but 36 (55%) of these subsequently experienced treatment failure. Although there were no significant differences in locoregional failure rates among the patients of the three groups, distant failure was far more common in B-cell or NK/T-cell lymphoma than in T-cell lymphoma (p = .005). Most B-cell lymphoma cases showed a predilection for sites of systemic failure in the nodal and extranodal sites below the diaphragm, such as the paraaortic lymph nodes or the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, whereas patients with NK/T-cell lymphoma showed an increased risk of systemic dissemination to the skin, testes, or GI tract, including the development of hemophagocytic syndrome. The 5-year actuarial and disease-free survival rates for all patients were 57% and 51%, respectively. Of the three subtypes of primary sinonasal lymphomas, T-cell lymphoma seemed to carry the most favorable prognosis and NK/T-cell lymphoma the worst. (The 5-year actuarial survival rate was 57% for B-cell lymphoma, 80% for T-cell lymphoma, 37% for NK/T-cell lymphoma; p = .02, log-rank.) By univariate and multivariate analyses, immunophenotype was identified as the most important prognostic factor. Conclusions. Our data indicate that the three subtypes of primary sinonasal lymphomas classified by immunohistochemical studies exhibit different clinical profiles, different patterns of failure, and different treatment outcomes. Given these observations, it is concluded that the recognition of these distinct subsets, diagnosed on the basis of immunophenotypic study, is very important and clinically relevant in predicting their potential behavior and prognosis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck26: 584,593, 2004 [source] Diagnosis and treatment of supraglottic laryngeal paraganglioma: report of a caseHEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 1 2004John M. Del Gaudio MD Abstract Background. Paragangliomas of the larynx are unusual tumors that are seen as a vascular submucosal mass. These usually are seen in the supraglottic larynx but have also been found in the subglottis. This is the only laryngeal neuroendocrine tumor with a female predilection. It is important that paragangliomas be differentiated from other neuroendocrine tumors of the larynx, including atypical carcinoid, because of differing treatment modalities. Methods. We present the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of a supraglottic laryngeal paraganglioma seen in a 50-year-old woman with a 6-month history of slowly progressive hoarseness. Results. The tumor was successfully approached by means of a midline laryngofissure with mucosal preservation. The patient remains disease free 24 months after surgery. Conclusions. Preoperative CT and angiography are useful in making the diagnosis of paraganglioma before surgical intervention. Complete excision through an external mucosa-sparing approach is the treatment of choice. Distinguishing laryngeal paraganglioma from other neuroendocrine tumors can be difficult. Immunohistochemistry is an important tool for the correct pathologic diagnosis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck26: 94,98, 2004 [source] Angiofibroma of the larynx: Report of a case with clinical and pathologic literature review,HEAD & NECK: JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES & SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK, Issue 8 2002Matthew H. Steele MD Abstract Background Angiofibromas are uncommon vascular tumors with a strong predilection for the nasopharynx of adolescent males. Although they are slow growing and histologically benign, they have the potential to cause significant morbidity with laryngeal involvement. Methods We describe the clinical characteristics, histopathologic findings, differential diagnosis, preoperative evaluation, and management of a case of laryngeal angiofibroma. Results The patient was initially seen with a 2½-year history of progressive dyspnea and dysphagia. Preoperative evaluation suggested a vascular mass involving the left supraglottic larynx. A partial laryngopharyngectomy was performed without complication. The patient is alive and disease free 3 years postoperatively. Final histopathologic diagnosis is consistent with angiofibroma. Conclusions Laryngeal angiofibroma is an extremely rare entity. Adequate preoperative imaging is necessary to confirm the vascularity of this lesion, because ill-planned biopsy may lead to significant blood loss. The role of preoperative embolization of other laryngeal vascular lesions has been well documented and may be useful in the management of laryngeal angiofibroma. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 24: 805,809, 2002 [source] BCL2 gene abnormalities define distinct clinical subsets of follicular lymphomaHISTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2006J R Goodlad Aims:, Follicular lymphoma (FL) arising primarily in the skin has recently been proposed as a distinct entity on the basis of a low incidence of t(14;18)(q32;q21) and bcl-2 expression, with a very high percentage of patients surviving more than 5 years. However, cases of t(14;18)(q32;q21)-positive primary cutaneous FL (PCFL) and examples of t(14;18)(q32;q21)-negative FL at nodal and other extranodal sites, are well documented. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that there is a subtype of FL lacking t(14;18)(q32;q21), which preferentially involves certain sites but is not restricted by anatomical location. Methods and results:, A cohort of 47 stage 1 FL was stratified according to the presence or absence of t(14;18)(q32;q21) using conventional cytogenetics, polymerase chain reaction and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. Compared with t(14;18)(q32;q21)-positive cases, FL lacking the translocation were less likely to express CD10 or bcl-2 (P < 0.01), made up a significantly greater proportion of cases arising at extranodal sites (P < 0.001) and had a significantly better overall and disease-specific 5-year survival (P < 0.01). Conclusions:, These results support the concept of a subtype of FL lacking t(14;18)(q32;q21), characterized by low-intensity bcl-2 expression, a predilection for extranodal sites, particularly the skin, and a more favourable outcome than t(14;18)(q32;q21)-positive FL. [source] Tinea faciei, an often deceptive facial eruptionINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2004Richie L. Lin MD Tinea faciei is a relatively uncommon superficial dermatophyte infection limited to the glabrous skin of the face. It is usually seen in pediatric patients. This fungus can be found worldwide, but has a predilection for tropical humid climates. Although the infecting organisms and treatments are the same as for other superficial fungal infections, it is frequently misdiagnosed clinically and histologically. [source] Cutaneous Wegener's granulomatosis (malignant pyoderma) in a patient with Crohn's diseaseINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 11 2003Sharon E. Jacob MD We report a case of an unusual presentation of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) in a patient with Crohn's disease (CD). She presented to our Wound Care Center with 7th cranial nerve palsy and facial pyoderma-like ulcerations. Although WG has a predilection for the lung, kidney, and eyes, cutaneous involvement can be seen in 50% of the cases, and it can be the presenting sign in 9,14%. Because of the lethality of WG if not properly treated, the diagnosis is imperative. [source] Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis mimicking toxic epidermal necrolysisINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY, Issue 7 2001Arnon D. Cohen MD A 91-year-old patient presented with a nonfebrile, pruritic, widespread eruption that appeared 10 days after starting therapy with cefuroxime tablets, 1000 mg/day, due to stasis dermatitis with secondary infection. The patient was also treated with paracetamol tablets, 500,1000 mg/day, 10 days before the onset of the eruption. Previous diseases included congestive heart disease, hyperglycemia, and ectropion. There was no personal or family history of psoriasis. Additional medications, taken for more than 2 years at the time of the eruption, included indomethacin, captopril, hydrochlorothiazide, isosorbide-5-mononitrate tablets, and a combination drug Laxative®. Examination revealed widespread erythema involving 95% of the total body surface area, with numerous 1,2 mm nonfollicular pustules (Fig. 1). There was no predilection to the body folds. Within 24 h of hospitalization, during intravenous therapy with cefuroxime, the patient's condition worsened and bullae containing clear fluid appeared. Nikolsky's sign was positive on erythematous skin, and eventually skin detachment involved 41% of the total body surface area (Fig. 2). There were no target or target-like lesions and there was no involvement of the mucous membranes. Figure 1. Numerous, 1,2 mm, nonfollicular pustules, with confluence (viewed in the lower left part of the photograph), on erythematous skin Figure 2. Widespread skin detachment An early biopsy from a pustule revealed subcorneal and intraepidermal spongiform pustules, papillary edema, perivascular mononuclear infiltrate with a few eosinophils in the dermis, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis. A later biopsy showed similar findings with no evidence of full-thickness epidermal necrosis or necrotic keratinocytes. Direct immune fluorescence (DIF) taken from erythematous skin was negative. Laboratory studies showed the following results: sedimentation rate, 80 mm/h; white blood cell count, 26,200/mm3 with 87% polymorphonuclears and 1.8% eosinophils; hemoglobin, 13.0 g/dL; albumin, 2.8 g/dL (normal, 3.5,5.5 g/dL); other blood chemistry tests were normal. Immunologic studies for rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, antismooth muscle antibodies, antiparietal cell antibodies, antimitochondrial antibodies, C3, and C4 were normal or negative. Serology for venereal disease research laboratory (VDRL) test, Epstein,Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immunodeficiency virus, and antistreptolysin titer was negative. Chest X-ray was normal. Blood cultures were negative. Swab cultures taken from the pustules revealed Staphylococcus aureus as well as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. All systemic drugs, including intravenous cefuroxime, were withdrawn with close monitoring for signs of heart failure or infection. Topical therapy consisted of application of wet dressings. Within 10 days, the eruption resolved with re-epithelialization of the erosions and the appearance of widespread post-pustular desquamation (Fig. 3) Figure 3. Post-pustular desquamation on the trunk [source] Perfectionism and Thoughts About Having Cosmetic Surgery Performed,JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOBEHAVIORAL RESEARCH, Issue 4 2004Simon B. Sherry Trait perfectionism, perfectionistic self-presentation, and thoughts about having cosmetic surgery performed (TAHCSP) were examined. In Study 1, perfectionistic self-promotion (PSP) and nondisplay of imperfection (NDP) correlated with TAHCSP in 292 university women. Both Study 2 (N - 527 university women and 209 university men) and Study 3 (N= 43 gym-going women and 52 gym-going men) replicated findings from Study 1. Studies 2 and 3 extended Study 1 by showing that (a) socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) correlated with TAHCSP and (b) PSP, NDP, and SPP correlated with TAHCSP in women only. PSP and NDP mediated the relation between SPP and TAHCSP in studies 2 and 3. Results held after controlling for age and body mass index. Perfectionists' pursuit of appearance ideals, fault-finding predilection, and concern over others' evaluations may generate and maintain TAHCSP. [source] Survey augmentation using commercial vessels in the Mid-Atlantic Bight: Sampling density and relative catchabilityJOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY, Issue 6 2006E. N. Powell Summary A series of side-by-side tows was conducted between a survey vessel and a commercial vessel in two seasons, spring and fall (autumn), to examine the use of commercial vessels to increase sampling density in trawl-based stock surveys. Both vessels caught more fish offshore in the spring. The commercial vessel caught more fish than the survey vessel in both seasons. Catches of nearly all species were contagiously distributed in the spring. Most were contagiously distributed in the fall; however, somewhat more species were characterized by random or even distributions. The variance-to-mean ratio was consistently higher for most species for commercial vessel catches, regardless of season. As both vessels sampled in the same region at the same time, the increased predilection for the survey vessel to assess the distribution pattern as less patchy than the commercial vessel must accrue from some difference in sampling dynamics rather than variation in species distribution. A simulated decrease in sampling effort from 59 to 30 or 15 hauls increased the variance-to-mean ratio. Reduced sampling effort increased the tendency for occasional large catches to vary the estimate of domain biomass. The sampling program included an onshore,offshore gradient in station density. Domain biomass was considerably underestimated with reduced station density for six species characterized by large catches offshore in that portion of the survey domain characterized by low station density. In this study, a factor of two variation in domain biomass became more likely in 40% of species when sampling effort was reduced to 15 hauls from 59. A factor of two in biomass may distinguish a sustainable fishery from one in which a species is overfished. As survey sampling effort in this area was 18 hauls, increasing sample number by inclusion of commercial vessel tows would be advantageous. A regression between paired tows failed to adequately predict catches of one vessel from catches of the other. Standardization of vessel catches by the ratio-of-mean catches provided a more realistic comparison because large catches accounted for a significant fraction of domain biomass; however, a single conversion coefficient between boats could not be used for both sampling periods. The underlying impediment in developing a general conversion factor between the two vessels seems to be rooted in the differential in variance-to-mean ratios of the catches; this differential exists despite sampling of the same distribution of fish. [source] Early Detection of Bone Metastases in a Murine Model Using Fluorescent Human Breast Cancer Cells: Application to the Use of the Bisphosphonate Zoledronic Acid in the Treatment of Osteolytic LesionsJOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH, Issue 11 2001Olivier Peyruchaud Abstract A very common metastatic site for human breast cancer is bone. The traditional bone metastasis model requires human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cell inoculation into the left heart ventricle of nude mice. MDA-MB-231 cells usually develop osteolytic lesions 3,4 weeks after intracardiac inoculation in these animals. Here, we report a new approach to study the formation of bone metastasis in animals using breast carcinoma cells expressing the bioluminescent jellyfish protein (green fluorescent protein [GFP]). We first established a subclone of MDA-MB-231 cells by repeated in vivo passages in bone using the heart injection model. On stable transfection of this subclone with an expression vector for GFP and subsequent inoculation of GFP-expressing tumor cells (B02/GFP.2) in the mouse tail vein, B02/GFP.2 cells displayed a unique predilection for dissemination to bone. Externally fluorescence imaging of live animals allowed the detection of fluorescent bone metastases approximately 1 week before the occurrence of radiologically distinctive osteolytic lesions. The number, size, and intensity of fluorescent bone metastases increased progressively with time and was indicative of breast cancer cell progression within bone. Histological examination of fluorescent long bones from B02/GFP.2-bearing mice revealed the occurrence of profound bone destruction. Treatment of B02/GFP.2-bearing mice with the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid markedly inhibited the progression of established osteolytic lesions and the expansion of breast cancer cells within bone. Overall, this new bone metastasis model of breast cancer combining both fluorescence imaging and radiography should provide an invaluable tool to study the effectiveness of pharmaceutical agents that could suppress cancer colonization in bone. [source] Epithelioid sarcoma with angiomatoid features: report of an unusual case arising in an elderly patient within a burn scarJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2008Steven Kaddu Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a rare, aggressive soft tissue tumor with a characteristic predilection for adolescents and young adults, and a tendency to occur on distal extremities. We report a case of ES arising in an 80-year-old woman within a burn scar that histopathologically showed unusual ,angiomatoid' features. The patient presented initially with a solitary nodule on her right wrist arising at the site of a burn scar. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of a proliferation of relatively bland, epithelioid and spindle cells focally arranged in a nodular pattern around areas of ,geographic' necrosis. In addition, there were prominent foci of hemorrhage and blood-filled spaces as well as tumor cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles, features suggestive of an angiomatous process. Immunohistochemistry showed positivity of tumor cells for cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) whereas all vascular markers tested were negative. The overall histopathologic features were consistent with a diagnosis of ES. Follow up showed multiple recurrences arising proximally along the right upper extremity. Our case underlines the clinical and histopathological heterogeneity of ES, emphasizing the unusual occurrence of ES with ,angiomatoid' features in the elderly. In this uncommon setting, this tumor should be especially distinguished from epithelioid hemangioendothelioma and epithelioid angiosarcoma. The significance of development of ES on a healed burn scar is uncertain, but may suggest a possible causal relationship. [source] The spectrum of cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid arthritis: a clinical and pathological study of 43 patientsJOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY, Issue 1 2003C. M. Magro Introduction:, Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an idiopathic arthropathy syndrome that has a propensity to affect the small joints of the hands and feet with extra-articular manifestations comprising skin lesions, neuropathy, pericarditis, pleuritis, interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and a systemic polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)-like vasculitic syndrome. The most widely recognized skin lesion is the rheumatoid nodule. Other skin manifestations are poorly defined. Materials and methods:, Using a natural language search of the authors' outpatient dermatopathology databases, skin biopsies from 43 patients with RA were selected for retrospective analysis in an attempt to define the dermatopathological spectrum of RA and its clinical correlates. Results:, The biopsies were categorized by the dominant histologic pattern, recognizing that in most cases there were additional minor reaction patterns. Palisading and/or diffuse interstitial granulomatous inflammation was the dominant pattern seen in 21 patients; the lesions included nodules, plaques and papules with a predilection to involve skin over joints. Besides interstitial histiocytic infiltrates and variable collagen necrobiosis, these cases also showed interstitial neutrophilia, vasculitis and pauci-inflammatory vascular thrombosis. The dominant morphology in 11 other patients was vasculopathic in nature: pauci-inflammatory vascular thrombosis, glomeruloid neovascularization, a neutrophilic vasculitis of pustular, folliculocentric, leukocytoclastic or benign cutaneous PAN types, granulomatous vasculitis, and lymphocytic vasculitis and finally occlusive intravascular histiocytic foci for which the designation of ,RA-associated intravascular histiocytopathy' is proposed. Rheumatoid factor (RF) positivity and active arthritis were common in this group, with anti-Ro and anticardiolipin antibodies being co-factors contributing to vascular injury in some cases. Immunofluorescent testing in three patients revealed dominant vascular IgA deposition. In nine patients, the main pattern was one of neutrophilic dermal and/or subcuticular infiltrates manifested clinically as urticarial plaques, pyoderma gangrenosum and panniculitis. Conclusions:, The cutaneous manifestations of RA are varied and encompass a number of entities, some of which define the dominant clinical features, such as the rheumatoid papule or subcutaneous cords, while others allude to the histopathology, i.e. rheumatoid neutrophilic dermatosis. We propose a more simplified classification scheme using the adjectival modifiers of ,rheumatoid-associated' and then further categorizing the lesion according to the dominant reaction pattern. Three principal reaction patterns are recognized, namely extravascular palisading granulomatous inflammation, interstitial and/or subcuticular neutrophilia and active vasculopathy encompassing lymphocyte-dominant, neutrophil-rich and granulomatous vasculitis. In most cases, an overlap of the three reaction patterns is seen. Co-factors for the vascular injury that we believe are integral to the skin lesions of RA include RF, anti-endothelial antibodies of IgA class, anti-Ro and anticardiolipin antibodies. [source] Taphonomy of Child-Sized Remains: A Study of Scattering and Scavenging in Virginia, USA,JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 3 2006Robert J. Morton M.S. ABSTRACT: Child-sized pig carcasses (Sus scrofa) were placed in surface deposit and buried scenarios in a wooded area of Virginia from May 1998 through December 2000, to examine the taphonomic effects of decompositional changes, predator scavenging, and the extent of remains scattering. Changes were observed through on-site examination, charting of remains, and recorded video imaging. Analysis of data revealed that utilization of corpses as food sources by vertebrates was dependent upon invertebrate colonization. Vertebrates avoided feeding on the corpses while invertebrate colonization was active, and would feed before invertebrates successfully colonized a corpse, or would wait until the invertebrate populations migrated away from the corpse. Among vertebrates, there was no apparent succession order for the animals utilizing the remains as a food source. Different vertebrates would feed at different times based upon diurnal or nocturnal predilection. Analysis noted an accidental cooperative relationship between the invertebrates and vertebrates scavenging on the corpses. Certain vertebrates gained access to the internal tissues by utilizing openings in the corpses caused by invertebrate and other vertebrate scavenging. Alternately, carrion-frequenting insects were afforded access to previously inaccessible colonization sites as a result of scavenging vertebrate activities. [source] Extracranial Vertebral Artery InterventionJOURNAL OF INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue 6 2007DEBABRATA MUKHERJEE M.D. Atherosclerosis is the commonest cause of vertebral artery stenosis and has a predilection for the origin and proximal section of the extracranial portion of the vessel and also the intracranial portion of the vessel. Although it has generally been thought that extracranial vertebral artery (ECVA) disease has a more benign outcome compared to intracranial vertebral artery disease, significant occlusive disease of the proximal vertebral artery is the primary cause of vertebral artery ischemia in a significant proportion of patients. We focus on the interventional management of patients with proximal ECVA disease in this article. [source] The diagnosis and management of Kawasaki diseaseJOURNAL OF PAEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH, Issue 3 2005J Royle Abstract:, Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of childhood with a predilection for the coronary arteries. It is the predominant cause of paediatric acquired heart disease in developed countries. The aetiology of KD remains unknown and consequently there is no diagnostic test. The diagnosis is made using a constellation of clinical criteria that in isolation have poor sensitivity and specificity. Early treatment prevents overt coronary artery damage in the majority of children. The long-term effects of childhood KD on later cardiovascular health remain unknown. A recent study showed that treatment of KD in Australia is suboptimal, with late diagnosis occurring in approximately half of the cases and an unacceptably high incidence of acute cardiac involvement. These guidelines highlight the difficulties in the diagnosis of KD and offer some clues that may assist early recognition of this important paediatric disease. They also detail current treatment recommendations and the evidence on which they are based. Increased awareness of the epidemiology and spectrum of the clinical presentation of KD is essential for early recognition and optimal management. [source] Congenital Cardiac Defects in Neonatal Foals: 18 Cases (1992,2007)JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 1 2010T.L. Hall Background: Literature available regarding congenital cardiac defects in foals is limited to reports of individual cases or small case series. Objective: To describe the clinical, echocardiographic, and necropsy findings and breed predilection of congenital cardiac defects in neonatal foals. Animals: Eighteen foals <15 days of age with 1 or more congenital cardiac defects. Methods: Medical records of foals diagnosed with congenital cardiac defects at the William R. Pritchard Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital were reviewed. Data collected included history, signalment, clinical signs, laboratory data, diagnostic and necropsy results, and outcome. Results: Arabian foals represented 39% of cases with congenital cardiac defects and were significantly (P= .004) overrepresented (OR = 4.7 [CI: 1.8,12.4]) compared with the general hospital population. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) (14/18), tetralogy of Fallot (5/18), and tricuspid valve atresia (4/18) were the most common defects identified. A ,3/6 heart murmur (14/14) accompanied by tachycardia (14/17), tachypnea (17/17), and cyanosis of mucous membranes (7/16) were the most common clinical signs. Concurrent congenital defects were common (9/18). Two foals, both with VSD, survived for , 8 years after diagnosis and 1 was a successful performance horse. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance: Arabian horses appear to have a predisposition for cardiac defects. The presence of a loud murmur (, 3/6), cyanotic membranes, and tachycardia or tachypnea in a neonatal foal should warrant thorough evaluation of the heart for congenital defects. Foals with cardiac defects should be closely evaluated for concurrent congenital defects in other body systems. [source] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||