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Practice Survey (practice + survey)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	66%

Selected Abstracts

Divergence or convergence: a cross-national comparison of personnel selection practices

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT, Issue 1 2002
Y. Paul Huo
Striking a balance between globalization and localization in human resource management (HRM) requires a better understanding of the cross-national differences in terms of both the status quo and the socially desirable HRM practices. With this purpose in mind, we examined the hiring practices in ten different countries or regions using the Best International Human Resource Management Practices Survey (BIHRMPS). Our empirical findings revealed more divergence than convergence in current recruiting practices, but they also suggest that organizations around the world are indeed in the process of converging on ways of recruitment even though the current selection criteria may still be driven by each country's prevalent cultural values. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. [source]

Tumour necrosis factor antagonists and inflammatory bowel diseases: a national practice survey

ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS, Issue 8 2009
A. OUSSALAH
Aliment Pharmacol Ther,30, 854,863 Summary Background, Although the use of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) antagonists is increasingly codified, several unresolved issues remain. Aim, To conduct a French national survey on TNF antagonists use in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Methods, A postal questionnaire was sent to all French gastroenterologists among whom 450 prescribe TNF antagonists for IBD. Only anti-TNF prescribers were invited to respond. Results, A total of 333 questionnaires could be analysed, which represented a rate of survey completeness of 74%. Scheduled maintenance infliximab treatment was prescribed by 92% of gastroenterologists. In Crohn's disease in remission after 1 year of TNF antagonists, 77.4% of physicians continued treatment. In luminal Crohn's disease, 97% of hospital practitioners introduced infliximab as first-line anti-TNF therapy vs. 78% of physicians with nonhospital activity (P = 0.002); only 22.5% of gastroenterologists opted for adalimumab as first-line therapy. In Crohn's disease in remission after 6 months of azathioprine in combination with infliximab, 63.8% of practitioners discontinued azathioprine. In case of pregnancy during anti-TNF treatment, 35.1% of physicians discontinued therapy at the time of conception and did not administer anti-TNF therapy during pregnancy. Conclusions, The attitudes of French gastroenterologists generally reflect the recommendations regarding the use of anti-TNF and concomitant immunosuppressive therapy in IBD. [source]

A practice survey on vasopressor and inotropic drug therapy in Scandinavian intensive care units

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2003
A. Oldner
Background: This practice survey was performed to analyse the indications for use of vasopressor/inotropic drugs, preferred drugs and doses as well as concomitant monitoring and desired haemodynamic target values in Scandinavian ICUs. An internet-based reporting system was implemented. Methods: A total of 223 ICUs were identified in the Scandinavian countries and invited to participate in a one-day point-prevalence study. An internet-based database was constructed and a practice survey protocol designed to identify haemodynamic monitoring, indications for vasopressor/inotropic drug-therapy, fluids used for volume loading, pretreatment circulatory state, actual and targeted haemodynamic variables. Patients were eligible for the study if on vasopressor/inotropic drug-therapy for more than 4 h. Results: A total of 114 ICUs participated. A total of 114 adult patients matched the inclusion criteria. Sixty-seven per cent of the patients had received vasopressor/inotropic drug-treatment for >24 h and 32% received more than one drug. Arterial hypotension (92%) and oliguria (50%) were most common indications. Fluid loading prior to therapy was reported in 87% of patients. Dopamine (47%) and noradrenaline (44%) were the most commonly used drugs followed by dobutamine (24%). No other drug exceeded 6%. Non-catecholamine drugs were rarely used even in cardiac failure patients. Invasive arterial pressure was monitored in 95% of patients, pulmonary artery catheters were used in 19%. Other cardiac output monitoring techniques were used in 8.5% of the patients. Conclusion: Dopamine and noradrenaline seem to be the most commonly used inotropic/vasopressor drugs in Scandinavia. Traditional indications for inotropic/vasopressor support as hypotension and oliguria seem to be most common. Invasive monitoring was used in almost all patients, whereas a limited use of pulmonary artery catheters was noted. The internet-based reporting system proved to be an efficient tool for data collection. [source]

Poisoning of companion animals by garden and house plants in Queensland: a veterinary practice survey

AUSTRALIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL, Issue 11 2007
RA Mckenzie
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Integration of Different Data Bodies for Humanitarian Decision Support: An Example from Mine Action

DISASTERS, Issue 4 2003
Aldo A. Benini
Geographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly used for integrating data from different sources and substantive areas, including in humanitarian action. The challenges of integration are particularly well illustrated by humanitarian mine action. The informational requirements of mine action are expensive, with socio,economic impact surveys costing over US$1.5 million per country, and are feeding a continuous debate on the merits of considering more factors or ,keeping it simple'. National census offices could, in theory, contribute relevant data, but in practice surveys have rarely overcome institutional obstacles to external data acquisition. A positive exception occurred in Lebanon, where the landmine impact survey had access to agricultural census data. The challenges, costs and benefits of this data integration exercise are analysed in a detailed case study. The benefits are considerable, but so are the costs, particularly the hidden ones. The Lebanon experience prompts some wider reflections. In the humanitarian community, data integration has been fostered not only by the diffusion of GIS technology, but also by institutional changes such as the creation of UN-led Humanitarian Information Centres. There is a question whether the analytic capacity is in step with aggressive data acquisition. Humanitarian action may yet have to build the kind of strong analytic tradition that public health and poverty alleviation have accomplished. [source]