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Practice Areas (practice + area)
Selected AbstractsENSURING AUTHENTIC YOUTH PARTICIPATION IN DELINQUENCY CASES: CREATING A PARADIGM FOR SPECIALIZED JUVENILE DEFENSE PRACTICEFAMILY COURT REVIEW, Issue 3 2007Patricia Puritz In delinquency courts, juvenile defense attorneys are essential for guaranteeing children's due process rights and encouraging their meaningful participation in the proceedings. Yet, indigent defense delivery systems are largely failing youth accused of committing crimes. This article highlights the importance of developing systems that support the highly specialized practice area of juvenile defense. To protect their clients' rights and meet their ethical obligations, juvenile defense attorneys must zealously advocate for their clients' expressed interests and must strategically address the biases and misunderstandings prevalent in delinquency courts. Specifically, defense attorneys must vigorously challenge systemic race, class, and gender injustices; incorporate expert knowledge of youth development into their advocacy; and protect clients' mental health and educational interests. Such holistic representation promotes rehabilitation and reduces recidivism. Because of numerous obstacles that currently impede defense attorneys from engaging in such exemplary practice, systemic reforms are necessary to support high-quality defense representation and, ultimately, ensure that youths' rights are protected. [source] Fetal thickened nuchal soft tissues may first appear in the second trimester in Down syndromeJOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND, Issue 2 2010Etan Z. Zimmer MD Abstract Purpose. To describe a series of cases of late-onset fetal nuchal translucency in Down syndrome. Method. In our practice area, most pregnant women usually undergo 3 different sonographic examinations: a fetal nuchal translucency examination in the 1st trimester and 2 detailed surveys of all fetal organs in the early 2nd trimester and in midpregnancy. Result. During the study period (2003,2008), we detected 11 fetuses with new appearance of severe thickened nuchal soft tissues (,6 mm) at 14,16 weeks' gestation after a normal nuchal screening in the 1st trimester. All of these fetuses had trisomy 21. Associated structural anomalies were observed in 10/11 of the cases. In addition, there were 12 fetuses with new appearance of thickened nuchal soft tissues (<4 mm); all these fetuses had a normal karyotype and were normal at delivery. Conclusion. Obstetricians should be aware that a nuchal abnormality may first appear only at 14,16 weeks' gestation. Fetal karyotyping is advocated in these cases because of the high probability of Down syndrome. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2010 [source] Priorities for Nursing Research in KoreaJOURNAL OF NURSING SCHOLARSHIP, Issue 4 2002Mi Ja Kim Purpose: To identify priorities for nursing research in Korea. Methods: A national sample of nurses in academic and clinical settings, representing varied clinical specialties, participated in two rounds of a Delphi survey. Participants listed five most important nursing research problems rated on three dimensions: the degree of nurses' lead role, contribution to nursing profession, and nurses' contribution to health and welfare of patients and clients. A total of 29 research areas were derived from 1,013 research problems identified from the Delphi surveys, and 26 expert panel members who participated in a 1-day workshop to determine the priority of these areas. Key words of 706 research articles published in the major nursing research journals in Korea were analyzed to identify priorities. Results: In the two rounds of Delphi surveys 347 of 1,047 nurses participated (31%,33% response rates respectively). Top three research areas common to both Delphi survey and literature analysis were: clinical nursing practice, nursing education, and nursing research. Cultural nursing was rated the lowest in the Delphi survey but was rated third by the expert panel members. Conclusions: In the clinical practice area, research on the advanced practice nursing system was the first priority research problem followed by development of nursing interventions, clinical competency, quality and effectiveness of nursing care, and standardized nursing tasks. Research on home health care, nursing education, utilization of nursing research, and geriatric nursing were other areas of priority. Nurses around the world are encouraged to develop collaborative research projects based on common priority areas. [source] Innovations in United States genetics nursing: Practice and researchJAPAN JOURNAL OF NURSING SCIENCE, Issue 2 2005Dale H. LEA Abstract Aim:, Clinical and research applications from human genome discoveries are growing and creating both opportunities and challenges to the integration of genetic concepts into practice and research. Nurses have a long history of caring for individuals, families, and groups with genetic conditions. In the past two decades, a small group of nurses in the USA have used a variety of strategies to further develop the field of genetics nursing. In this paper we identify innovative approaches to identifying genetics-related nursing roles and opportunities, as well as successful collaborative efforts beyond nursing to address the emerging health and societal challenges related to human genetics discoveries. Methods:, The information presented here comes from a variety of sources where the authors or genetics nurses directly participated, including: (i) a systematic literature review of genetics nursing; (ii) a comprehensive research study of models of delivering clinical genetics services and the roles of health professionals; and (iii) participation in numerous national research, planning, programmatic, and advisory groups involved with clinical genetics-related health services, research, education, and public policy. Results:, Genetics nurses in the US have developed innovative responses to genetics-related challenges within and beyond the profession of nursing. These include: (i) establishing an organization for nurses in genetics and gaining formal recognition of genetics as a specialty of nursing; (ii) defining the scope of genetics nursing practice and developing a new genetics nursing credential; (iii) establishing a multiprofessional genetics education coalition and defining genetic competency for health-care practice; (iv) creating new clinical practice roles for nurses that integrate emerging genetics concepts and skills into diverse clinical practice areas; (v) expanding nursing involvement in genetics-related research; and (vi) participation in high-level genetics advisory groups. Conclusions:, The US experience shows that nurses have made substantial progress in expanding their involvement in genetic services through visionary leadership, innovative approaches to challenges, establishing support with nurse colleagues, and engaging in multiprofessional efforts. The most important first step is developing a supportive environment for nurse advancement. In the US, the genetics nurses' organization known as the International Society of Nurses in Genetics (ISONG) has provided this base. [source] Autism and Vaccination,The Current EvidenceJOURNAL FOR SPECIALISTS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING, Issue 3 2009Lisa Miller MD PURPOSE., The purpose of this article is to review relevant background literature regarding the evidence linking thimerosal-containing vaccine and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine to autism. CONCLUSIONS., Rigorous scientific studies have not identified links between autism and either thimerosal-containing vaccine or the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS., Nurses are often in the position of providing advice regarding vaccines in their formal practice areas as well as in their daily lives. Families need current and credible evidence to make decisions for their children. Excellent vaccine information resources are available online. [source] Interprofessional collaboration: Implications for Combined-Integrated doctoral training in professional psychologyJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 10 2004Carolyn E. Johnson Interprofessional collaboration (IPC) is becoming "best practice" in the field of professional psychology and other health care professions. It was named as a core competency at Competencies 2002 and the Consensus Conference and has been endorsed by the American Psychological Association on several occasions. The authors provide a definition of IPC, present conceptual, scholarly, and pragmatic support for IPC, and offer guidance on how Combined-Integrated (C-I) doctoral programs in professional psychology can include IPC to ensure students are well equipped to respond to a client's complex needs. Furthermore, although C-I programs might be particularly well prepared to incorporate IPC into their training, it is argued that programs in the single practice areas of clinical, counseling, and school psychology also may benefit from the inclusion of IPC. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol. [source] General practice, primary care, and health service psychology: Concepts, competencies, and the Combined-Integrated modelJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 10 2004Timothy J. Schulte The profession of psychology is being impacted profoundly by broader changes within the national system of health care, as mental and behavioral health services are being recognized as essential components of a comprehensive, preventive, and cost-efficient primary care system. To fully define and embrace this role, the discipline of professional psychology must develop a shared disciplinary identity of health service psychology and a generalized competency-based model for doctoral education and training. This very framework has been adopted by Combined-Integrated (C-I) doctoral programs in professional psychology, which train across the practice areas (clinical, counseling, and school psychology) to provide a general and integrative foundation for their students. Because C-I programs produce general practitioners who are competent to function within a variety of health service settings, this innovative training approach has great potential to educate and train psychologists for a changing health care marketplace. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol. [source] Nurse practitioner practice patterns for exercise counselingJOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF NURSE PRACTITIONERS, Issue 2 2009ARNP (Nurse Practitioner), Tawnya Horsley Tompkins MN Abstract Purpose:, To describe nurse practitioner (NP) practice patterns for exercise counseling for adults. Data sources:, Using a cross-sectional design, participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that ascertained barriers and facilitators encountered when providing exercise counseling. Participants included 398 NPs, who averaged 11 years in practice (SD = 7.9) and worked in a variety of practice areas. Conclusions:, In a given week, about half (48%) of the NPs counseled more than 50% of their patients for exercise. The majority of participants (84%) agreed that exercise counseling is as valuable an intervention as prescribed medication. More than half (59%) of the participants exercised regularly. Barriers and facilitators to exercise counseling were predominately a patient's lack of interest and the length of the patient visit. Specific strategies were identified for older adults and individuals residing in rural areas who may require more tailored exercise counseling. Participants demonstrated strong values about exercise counseling and observed that exercise had clear benefits for their patients. NP respondents offered recommendations focused on safety and adherence that can be used to improve exercise counseling. Clinical implications:, Exercise is a crucial component of preventative health care. Studies have shown that healthcare provider recommendations can be effective in helping patients increase their exercise and activity. [source] Delving into the "Institutional Black Box": Revealing the Attributes of Sustainable Urban Water Management Regimes,JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION, Issue 6 2009Susan J. Van De Meene van de Meene, Susan J. and Rebekah R. Brown, 2009. Delving into the "Institutional Black Box": Revealing the Attributes of Sustainable Urban Water Management Regimes. Journal of the American Water Resources Association (JAWRA) 45(6):1448-1464. Abstract:, This paper is based on the proposition that the transition to sustainable urban water management has been hampered by the lack of insight into attributes of a sustainable urban water regime. Significant progress has been made in developing technical solutions to advance urban water practice, however it is the co-evolution of the socio-institutional and technical systems that enable a system-wide transition. A systematic analysis of 81 empirical studies across a range of practice areas was undertaken to construct a schema of the sustainable urban water regime attributes. Attributes were identified and analyzed using a framework of nested management regime spheres: the administrative and regulatory system, inter-organizational, intra-organizational, and human resources spheres. The regime is likely to involve significant stakeholder involvement, collaborative inter-organizational relationships, flexible and adaptive organizational cultures, and motivated and engaging employees. Comparison of the constructed sustainable and traditional regime attributes reveals that to realize sustainable urban water management in practice a substantial shift in governance is required. This difference emphasizes the critical need for explicitly supported strategies targeted at developing each management regime sphere to further enable change toward sustainable urban water management. [source] Measuring the outcome of occupational therapy: Tools and resourcesAUSTRALIAN OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY JOURNAL, Issue 4 2000Carolyn Unsworth Current pressures to document outcomes and demonstrate the efficacy of occupational therapy intervention arise from fiscal restraints as much as from the humanitarian desire to provide the best quality health care to consumers. However, measuring outcomes is important in facilitating mutual goal setting, increasing the focus of therapy on the client, monitoring client progress, as well as demonstrating that therapy is valuable. The aims of this article are to provide the reader with an overview of what outcomes research is and to provide resources to aid the selection of outcomes assessments in a variety of practice areas. This article adopts the latest version of the World Health Organisation's health classification system (International Classification of Impairments, Activities and Participation), as an organizing framework, and promotes the use of this framework when undertaking outcomes research. [source] | ||||||||||