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Posterior Vitreous Detachment (posterior + vitreous_detachment)

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Medical Sciences100%

Selected Abstracts

Discriminate characteristics of photopsia in posterior vitreous detachment, retinal tears and retinal detachment

OPHTHALMIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL OPTICS, Issue 1 2010
Jonathan F. B. Goodfellow
Abstract Aims:, To characterize photopsia in posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), retinal tears (RT) and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Methods: Seventy seven patients presenting to an eye emergency department and vitreoretinal clinic with photopsia had documentation of their symptoms. Results:, A total of 27 patients had PVD alone, 7 had RTs and 25 RRD. In patients with isolated PVD, photopsia were temporal (94%), lasting seconds (81%) and vertically orientated (59%) flashes. Patients with photopsia located in quadrants other than temporal were more likely to have RRD (p = 0.0003). Patients with an oblique or horizontal orientation of their photopsia were likely to have RRD or RT (p = 0.001, specificity 96%, sensitivity 40%). Conclusions:, Most patients with PVD have a typical presentation of photopsia, with temporal, vertically orientated, momentary flashes. Patients with RTs or RRD may describe subtle differences in their photopsia which may raise the index of suspicion for the presence of a complication from PVD. [source]

1263: Symptoms and signs of posterior uveitis

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2010
M KHAIRALLAH
Purpose Posterior uveitis (PU) is an important anatomic form of uveitis in which the primary site of inflammation is the choroid or retina, with or without subsequent vitreous involvement. Methods Review of symptoms and signs of PU. Results The onset of PU can be sudden or less frequently insidious. Most common ocular symptoms include blurred vision, loss of vision, and floaters. Some patients with PU may have no symptoms, especially if inflammatory process is asymmetric. PU is usually associated with vitritis that can vary from mild to severe. Vitritis should be graded according to standardized grading systems. Other vitreous changes may include vitreous strands, vitreous hemorrhage, vitreous traction, and posterior vitreous detachment. Retinal and/or choroidal inflammation can be focal, multifocal, or more diffuse. It is important to distinguish between active and inactive chorioretinal disease. Retinal vasculitis can occur in the setting of several PU entities. It can involve retinal veins or arteries. It appears as focal, multifocal, or diffuse vascular cuffing or sheathing. Other retinal vasculitic changes include retinal hemorrhages, retinal vascular occlusion, retinal/optic disc neovascularization, and aneurysms. Maculopathy is common patients with PU. It may result from direct inflammatory infiltration, macular edema, serous retinal detachment, retinal ischemia, epiretinal membrane, or macular hole. Optic nerve involvement that can occur in association with PU include optic disc hyperemia/edema, optic neuritis, neuroretinitis, optic disc exudate, and optic disc granuloma. Conclusion Clinical examination is a key step in the diagnostic approach to PU. Clinician should be aware of the array of ocular symptoms of signs and their importance in orienting the differential diagnosis. [source]

Anatomical and functional outcome in brilliant blue G assisted chromovitrectomy

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 5 2010
Paul B. Henrich
Abstract. Purpose:, To evaluate the potential of brilliant blue G (BBG) for intraoperative staining of the inner limiting membrane (ILM) with respect to staining properties and surgical outcome. Methods:, In a retrospective, non-comparative clinical case series, we analysed 17 consecutive chromovitrectomy interventions for surgery of macular holes, ERMs, vitreoretinal traction syndromes and cystoid macular oedema. Following complete posterior vitreous detachment, BBG was injected into the vitreous cavity at a concentration of 0.25 mg/ml, followed by immediate washout. Main outcome measures were staining properties, visual acuity, central visual field testing and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements over a mean follow-up period of 3 months. Results:, ILM staining was somewhat less intensive for BBG than for average indocyanine green (ICG) chromovitrectomy. However, the ILM was removed successfully without additional ICG in 15/17 patients. Postoperative visual acuity was improved in 16/17 patients and remained unchanged in one patient. Central retinal OCT thickness showed a postoperative reduction, with values ranging from +7 to ,295 ,m (median ,89 ,m). Neither visual field defects nor any other adverse events were recorded. Conclusion:, BBG permits sufficient staining for safe ILM removal. In this short-term study, good anatomical and functional results were achieved and no adverse events were observed. [source]

Insights into the molecular basis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 2009
PN BISHOP
Purpose Factors that determine the likelihood of developing posterior vitreous detachment and subsequent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) include (i) the degree of vitreous liquefaction (ii) the strength of post-basal vitreoretinal adhesion and (iii) the topology of the posterior border of the vitreous base. The purpose of these studies was to investigate each of these using a combination of ultrastructural and molecular techniques. Methods Ultrastructural studies of the human vitreous and vitreoretinal interface were performed in combination with various antibodies and cationic dyes. Biochemical studies were performed on extracted vitreous components. Results The resultant data suggest that: (i) vitreous liquefaction is caused by the aggregation of vitreous collagen fibrils and this is due to a loss of type IX collagen proteoglycan from the fibril surfaces; (ii) interactions between heparan sulphate proteoglycans in the inner limiting lamina and components on the surface of cortical vitreous collagen fibrils contribute to postbasal vitreoretinal adhesion; (iii) the posterior border of the vitreous base migrates posteriorly with aging due to the synthesis of new vitreous collagen by the peripheral retina. Conclusion The molecular basis of RRD is starting to be unravelled. Furthering our understanding of the underlying molecular processes may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat RRD and other vitreoretinal disorders. [source]

A case of Coats' disease with a peeling of premacular fibrosis after photocoagulation

ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA, Issue 1 2002
Masahiko Sugimoto
ABSTRACT. We report a 26-year-old man with Coats' disease associated with premacular fibrosis. As an initial treatment, the peripheral exduative area was treated with argon laser photocoagulation. Six weeks later, the premacular fibrosis was peeled off and the posterior vitreous membrane was also detached. The patient's visual acuity improved to 20/20. We also observed a change of the vitreous component before and after the treatment that was similar to posterior vitreous detachment (PVD). This is the first reported case in which a distinct vitreous change was observed after premacular fibrosis peeling in Coat's disease. [source]