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Poor Tolerance (poor + tolerance)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

Spatial distribution of the Japanese common squid, Todarodes pacificus, during its northward migration in the western North Pacific Ocean

FISHERIES OCEANOGRAPHY, Issue 2 2006
ATSUSHI KAWABATA
Abstract The spatial distribution of Todarodes pacificus in and near the Kuroshio/Oyashio Transition Zone during its northward migration was examined by comparative surveys using two types of mid-water trawl net and supplementary squid jigging from June to July 2000. The vertical and horizontal distribution patterns varied for different body sizes in relation to the oceanographic structure. Todarodes pacificus of 1,20 cm dorsal mantle length (ML) were widely distributed from the coastal waters of Japan to near 162°E longitude, probably due to transport by the Kuroshio Extension (KE). Todarodes pacificus smaller than 10 cm ML were mainly distributed in temperate surface layers at sea surface temperatures (SSTs) >15°C near the KE meander probably because of their poor tolerance to lower temperatures and limited swimming ability. Squid of 10,15 cm ML were distributed in the offshore waters of 10,15°C SST and in the coastal waters of northern Honshu, and underwent diel vertical migrations between the sea surface at night and deeper layers during the daytime. Squid larger than 15 cm ML were distributed in the coastal feeding grounds of northern Honshu and Hokkaido until they began their southward spawning migration. They also underwent diel vertical migrations, but remained deeper at night than the squid of 10,15 cm ML; this migration pattern closely matched that of their main prey such as euphausiids. We concluded that as T. pacificus grow, they shift their distribution range from the temperate surface layer around the KE toward the colder deeper layers, above 5°C, in the Oyashio and coastal areas. [source]

The PediSedate® device, a novel approach to pediatric sedation that provides distraction and inhaled nitrous oxide: clinical evaluation in a large case series

PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA, Issue 2 2007
WILLIAM T. DENMAN MD FRCA
Summary Background:, Pediatric sedation is of paramount importance but can be challenging. Fear and anticipatory anxiety before invasive procedures often lead to uncooperativeness. A novel device (PediSedate®) provides sedation through a combination of inhaled nitrous oxide and distraction (video game). We evaluated the acceptability and safety of the PediSedate® device in children. Methods:, We enrolled children between 3 and 9 years old who were scheduled to undergo surgical procedures that required general inhalational anesthesia. After the device was applied, he/she played a video game while listening to the audio portion of the game through the earphones. Nitrous oxide in oxygen was administered via the nasal piece of the headset starting at 50% and increasing to 70%, in 10% increments every 8 min. Treatment failures, vital signs, arterial oxygen saturation, depth of sedation, airway patency, side effects, acceptance of the device and parental satisfaction were all evaluated. Results:, Of 100 children included, treatment failure occurred in 18% mainly because of poor tolerance of the device. At least 96% of the children who completed the study exhibited an excellent degree of sedation, 22% had side effects, and none experienced serious airway obstruction. Nausea and vomiting were the most common side effects and no patients had hemodynamic instability. Conclusions:, The PediSedate® device combines nonpharmacologic with pharmacologic methods of sedation. Most of the children we evaluated were able to tolerate the PediSedate® device and achieved an adequate degree of sedation. [source]

Therapeutic Targets in Liver Transplantation: Angiotensin II in Nonsteatotic Grafts and Angiotensin-(1,7) in Steatotic Grafts

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION, Issue 3 2009
I. Alfany-Fernandez
Numerous steatotic livers are discarded as unsuitable for transplantation because of their poor tolerance of ischemia-reperfusion(I/R). The injurious effects of angiotensin (Ang)-II and the benefits of Ang-(1,7) in various pathologies are well documented. We examined the generation of Ang II and Ang-(1,7) in steatotic and nonsteatotic liver grafts from Zucker rats following transplantation. We also studied in both liver grafts the effects of Ang-II receptors antagonists and Ang-(1,7) receptor antagonists on hepatic I/R damage associated with transplantation. Nonsteatotic grafts showed higher Ang II levels than steatotic grafts, whereas steatotic grafts showed higher Ang-(1,7) levels than nonsteatotic grafts. Ang II receptor antagonists protected only nonsteatotic grafts against damage, whereas Ang-(1,7) receptor antagonists were effective only in steatotic grafts. The protection conferred by Ang II receptor antagonists in nonsteatotic grafts was associated with ERK 1/2 overexpression, whereas the beneficial effects of Ang-(1,7) receptor antagonists in steatotic grafts may be mediated by NO inhibition. Our results show that Ang II receptor antagonists are effective only in nonsteatotic liver transplantation and point to a novel therapeutic target in liver transplantation based on Ang-(1,7), which is specific for steatotic liver grafts. [source]

Spatial distribution and prediction of seed production by Eucalyptus microcarpa in a fragmented landscape

AUSTRAL ECOLOGY, Issue 1 2010
PETER A. VESK
Abstract Woodlands worldwide have been greatly modified by clearing for agriculture, and their conservation and restoration requires understanding of tree recruitment processes. Seed production is one possible point of recruitment failure, and one that the spatial arrangement of trees may affect. We sampled 118 Eucalyptus microcarpa (Myrtaceae) trees to compare and analyse the determinants of seed production in this dominant tree of modified, fragmented temperate grassy woodlands, which extend over much of southeastern Australia. Fecundity was estimated as the seed crop measured on leaf mass and whole tree bases and was compared between categories of tree configuration. We also modelled fecundity using boosted regression trees, a new and flexible tool. Fecundity on a leaf mass basis was predominantly influenced by environmental factors (topographic ,wetness', slope, soil type), rather than by local tree density and configuration. Fewer seed per unit leaf mass were produced on flat and topographically wet sites, reflecting poor tolerance of waterlogging by E. microcarpa. By contrast, whole tree fecundity was little influenced by environmental factors. Local tree density and configuration did influence whole tree fecundity, which was high in solitary and woodland-spaced trees and reduced under high local density. We found little evidence for reduced fecundity of E. microcarpa in solitary trees. This points to the importance of scattered trees as sources of seed for tree recruitment and for natural regeneration of landscape level tree cover. Considerable uncertainty remains in modelled seed supply, and may be reduced with sampling across multiple years and greater environmental and spatial domains. [source]