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Poor Oral Hygiene (poor + oral_hygiene)
Selected AbstractsBronchopneumonia and oral health in hospitalized older patients.GERODONTOLOGY, Issue 2 2002A pilot study Abstract Aims: To correlate microbial findings obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage in pneumonia patients with the clinical situation of the oral cavity. Method: Quantitative aerobic and anaerobic cultures were carried out in 150 ml samples of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) obtained by means of an endoscope (Video Endoscope Pentax®) inserted per as in the infected bronchus. Material: Twenty consecutive patients with a tentative clinical diagnosis of bronchopneumonia in whom BAL was carried out for diagnostic purposes. A clinical evaluation of the oral health status (oral hygiene, caries, periodontal diseases) was subsequently carried out. Results: In seven edentulous subjects wearing complete dentures the culture of anaerobic microorganisms was negative or yielding less than 100 cfu/ml BAL. Two patients yielded high counts of S. aureus and one high counts of P. aeruginosa. In the 13 subjects with natural teeth left one showed high counts of Veillonella spp. (anaerobic)+P. aeruginosa, one high counts of Veillonella spp. +S. aureus, one high counts of P. aeruginosa + S. aureus and one high counts of E. coli. These four subjects showed poor oral hygiene, periodontal pockets and a BAL microflora consistent with periodontal pathology. Conclusion: The results of this pilot study suggest that microorganisms of denture plaque or associated with periodontal diseases may give rise to aspiration pneumonia in susceptible individuals. [source] Orthodontic considerations for gingival health during pregnancy: a reviewINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DENTAL HYGIENE, Issue 1 2010PM Mukherjee Abstract:, Gingivitis is caused by several known systemic and local factors. Among systemic factors, the role of hormonal changes during pregnancy is well established. While presence of fixed orthodontic appliances alone may not cause gingivitis, factors such as pregnancy and poor oral hygiene combined together could precipitate acute gingival inflammation that may progress to a periodontal condition in a patient receiving orthodontic therapy. There has been an increase in the number of adult patients who are receiving orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic appliances could act as a potential plaque retentive source and aggravate inflammatory reactions that are seen during pregnancy. There is a lack of awareness regarding oral healthcare issues among patients who are pregnant and choose to seek orthodontic treatment. In addition, there is a need in the literature to outline management guidelines for patients who want to receive orthodontic treatment during pregnancy, with or without pre-existing gingival conditions. This review focuses on the aetiology of pregnancy gingivitis and the management of orthodontic patients during pregnancy. Our emphasis is on patient education, oral hygiene maintenance, preventive and treatment strategies for the management of gingival health in orthodontic patients during pregnancy. We also highlight some of the possible complications of initiating orthodontic treatment during pregnancy. [source] Kabuki syndrome: oral and general features seen in a 2-year-old Chinese boyINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2006M. ATAR Summary., This report describes the case of a young Chinese boy with Kabuki syndrome (KS). KS is a congenital condition characterized by multiple anomalies, especially of the face, and is usually associated with mild to moderate mental retardation. The patient presented with the characteristic facial features of KS and some skeletal and neurological anomalies including a butterfly vertebrae with scoliosis, cerebral atrophy, and irregular dentition. Dental examination revealed screwdriver-shaped incisors and a high arched maxilla, features typical of patients with KS, as well as very poor oral hygiene and early childhood caries. This report includes discussion of the aetiology of KS as well as discussion of the long-term prognosis for this particular patient, and patients with KS in general, with consideration of associated dental and medical issues. [source] Periodontal disease among indigenous people in the Amazon rain forestJOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY, Issue 11 2001Mauricio Ronderos Abstract Background: People are not all equally susceptible to periodontitis. To understand the epidemiology and natural history of this disease, it is important to study populations with varying genetic backgrounds and environmental exposures. Aim: Characterize the periodontal condition of a sample of indigenous adults in a remote region of the Amazon rain forest and determine the association of periodontal disease with various demographic, behavioral and environmental factors. Methods: A cross-sectional evaluation of 244 subjects aged 20,70 years was conducted. Pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque and calculus were assessed for the Ramfjord index teeth. Results: These people had high levels of plaque, calculus and BOP. The mean PD was rather shallow (2.45 mm in 20,29 year-olds to 2.73 mm in 50+ year-olds) and did not increase significantly with age. Mean CAL (0.57 mm in 20,29 year-olds and 2.26 mm in 50+ year-olds) and mean location of the free gingival margin in relation to the cemento-enamel junction changed significantly with age (p<0.0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that increasing age, bleeding on probing and calculus scores were positively associated with mean CAL (p<0.01). Sex, ethnicity, level of modern acculturation, use of coca or tobacco paste, frequency of dental visits and plaque were not associated with mean CAL. Conclusions: Periodontal disease in these people was mainly associated with gingival recession rather than deep pockets. Most people had clinical attachment loss but despite poor oral hygiene and extensive gingival inflammation, they did not have very severe periodontal destruction. [source] Synergistic enhancement of collagenous protein synthesis by human gingival fibroblasts exposed to nifedipine and interleukin-1-beta in vitroJOURNAL OF ORAL PATHOLOGY & MEDICINE, Issue 1 2000R. B. Johnson Abstract: Gingival overgrowth commonly occurs coincident to therapy with calcium channel blockers. The biologic mechanism for this condition is unknown; however, many clinicians suggest that poor oral hygiene may contribute to development of the overgrowth. This study tests the hypothesis that collagenous protein synthesis by gingival fibroblasts is synergistically enhanced when they are exposed to both nifedipine (N) and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1-beta, a cytokine expressed in inflamed gingiva. Human gingival fibroblasts were isolated from biopsies of normal gingiva and cells separated into two groups. Group 1 was exposed to media containing 0, 5, 50, or 500 pg/ml IL-1-beta, or 10,7 M N for 7 days; Group 2 was exposed to those concentrations of IL-1-beta +10,7 M N. [3H]-proline was added to the medium for the final 24 h. Cells and matrix were harvested and radioactivity determined by liquid scintillation analysis. Means (d.p.m./103 cells) were compared by factorial ANOVA and Scheffè comparisons. Collagenous protein synthesis was significantly reduced by 5 pg/ml IL-1-beta +10,7 M N and enhanced by 500 pg/ml IL-1-beta +10,7 M N as compared to N or IL-1-beta alone. Thus, patients may be more susceptible to gingival overgrowth coincident to nifedipine therapy as a result of the synergistic enhancement of connective tissue synthesis by these agents. [source] Comparison of Treatment Result and Compliance between Private Practice Medicaid and Non-Medicaid Orthodontic Patients , A Brief CommunicationJOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY, Issue 3 2008Steven Dickens Abstract Treatment result and compliance for orthodontic Medicaid patients were assessed and compared to non-Medicaid patients of similar initial severity. All 55 North Carolina practices providing orthodontic treatment covered by Medicaid were asked to submit their last five Medicaid cases and five non-Medicaid cases of similar initial treatment complexity. Nine practices agreed to participate. Initial models, final models, and progress notes were obtained for all subjects. Casts were scored using the Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) Index to assess initial and posttreatment orthodontic status, and progress notes were reviewed for compliance data. No clinically important differences were seen between the Medicaid and non-Medicaid groups with respect to initial PAR, final PAR, percent PAR reduction, broken appointments, broken appliances, or poor oral hygiene. In this study, Medicaid and non-Medicaid patients did not differ substantially with respect to effectiveness of treatment received or their compliance with treatment. [source] Oral biofilms, periodontitis, and pulmonary infectionsORAL DISEASES, Issue 6 2007S Paju Bacteria from the oral biofilms may be aspirated into the respiratory tract to influence the initiation and progression of systemic infectious conditions such as pneumonia. Oral bacteria, poor oral hygiene, and periodontitis seem to influence the incidence of pulmonary infections, especially nosocomial pneumonia episodes in high-risk subjects. Improved oral hygiene has been shown to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial pneumonia, both in mechanically-ventilated hospital patients and non-ventilated nursing home residents. It appears that oral colonization by potential respiratory pathogens, possibly fostered by periodontitis, and possibly by bacteria specific to the oral cavity or to periodontal diseases contribute to pulmonary infections. Thus, oral hygiene will assume an even more important role in the care of high-risk subjects , patients in the hospital intensive care and the elderly. The present paper critically reviews the recent literature on the effect of oral biofilms and periodontitis on pneumonia. [source] Representative marketing-oriented study on implants in the Austrian population.CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH, Issue 5 2003Abstract: The number of dental implants inserted annually worldwide has been estimated to come close to a million. But the level of information available to patients about realistic, evidence-based treatment options by implants is often enough more than fragmentary, and what is disseminated by the media and the industry does not always reflect evidence-based empirical data. This survey of 1000 adults presented with 18 questions was designed to shed light on several points. These were (1) level of subjective patient information, (2) sources of information and prejudices, (3) future demand for implant treatment and target groups for patient information campaigns, and (4) potential misinformation, information deficits, discrepancies of information and how these come about. Of those questioned, 20% said unprompted that implants were a possibility to replace missing teeth. When prompted, 72% said that they knew about dental implants. Most of those questioned felt poorly informed about the options for replacing missing teeth and many knew less about implants than about other alternatives. The dentist was said to be the desired source of information, but 77% of those questioned reported that their dentists did not practice implant dentistry. More than 79% of those questioned did not know whether their dentist worked with implants. Forty-four percent thought that implants should only be placed by specially trained doctors. Sixty-one percent were of the opinion that dentists who provide implant dentistry were better qualified than their nonimplanting colleagues. Half of those questioned attributed implant failures to allergies and incompatibilities, the other half to poor medical care. Only 29% incriminated poor oral hygiene as a cause of implant failure. Future strategies should be geared to more professional public relations and patient information. Internationally operating qualified implant institutions could contribute much to balance discrepant information. Résumé Le nombre d'implants dentaires insérés annuellement dans le monde se chiffrerait à environ un million. Mais le niveau d'information disponible du patient en ce qui concerne les options de traitement basées sur l'évidence est souvent fragmentaire, et l'information dispensée par les média et l'industrie ne reflète pas toujours ces options. Cette enquête réalisée sur mille adultes ayant reçu un questionnaire de 18 questions a été effectuée afin de mettre en évidence certains points. Ces derniers étaient 1) le niveau de l'information subjective du patient, 2) les sources d'information et préjudices, 3) la demande future pour le traitement implantaire et les groupes cibles pour les campagnes d'information des patients, 4) les mauvaises informations potentielles, les déficits d'information, les désaccords de l'information et les causes de ces derniers. De ces personnes questionnées, 20% ont répondu spontanément que les implants étaient un moyen de remplacer les dents manquantes. Lorsqu'ils étaient interrogés, 72% ont répondu connaître les implants dentaires. La plupart de ces personnes se sentaient cependant peu informées sur les options de remplacement des dents manquantes et beaucoup d'entre-elles possédaient très peu d'information sur les implants par rapport aux autres possibilités existantes. Le dentiste semblait être la source préférentielle d'information mais 77 % des personnes questionnées ont rapporté que leur dentiste ne plaçait pas d'implant. Plus de 79% ne savaient pas si leur dentiste pratiquait l'implantologie. Quarante-quatre pour cent étaient persuadés que les implants ne pouvaient être placés que par des spécialistes. Soixante et un pour cent pensaient que les dentistes pratiquant de la dentisterie implantaire étaient plus qualifiés que les autres collègues. La moitié attribuait les échecs implantaires aux allergies et aux incompatiblités, l'autre moitié aux mauvais soins médicaux. Seul 29% incriminaient la mauvaise hygiène buccale comme une cause d'échec implantaire. Des stratégies futures devraient être orientées vers davantage de relations publiques professionnelles et d'informations du patient. Des institutions d'implants internationales pourraient grandement contribuer à changer cette mauvaise information. Zusammenfassung Eine repräsentative marketing-orientierte Studie über Implantate in der Bevölkerung von Oesterreich. Teil I: Stand der Information, Informationsquellen und Bedürfnis bezüglich Patienteninformation Die Anzahl weltweit gesetzter Implantate pro Jahr wird auf fast eine Million geschätzt. Aber die den Patienten zur Verfügung stehende Information über realistische, auf Evidenz basierende Behandlungsmöglichkeiten mit Implantaten ist mehr als lückenhaft. Was durch die Medien und durch die Industrie verbreitet wird, wiederspiegelt nicht immer auf Evidenz basierende empirische Daten. Diese Untersuchung an 1000 Erwachsenen, welchen 18 Fragen gestellt wurden, wurde entwickelt, um Licht auf verschiedene Punkte zu werfen. Die Punkte betrafen (1) Stand der subjektiven Patienteninformation; (2) Informationsquellen und Vorurteile; (3) zukünftiger Bedarf an Implantatbehandlungen und Zielgruppen für Propaganda zur Patienteninformation; (4) potentielle Fehlinformation, Informationsdefizite, Diskrepanzen in der Information und wie diese zustande kommen. Von den gefragten Individuen sagten ohne Vorinformation 20%, dass Implantate eine Varainte für den Ersatz von fehlenden Zähnen darstellen. Mit Vorinformation sagten 72%, dass sie von dentalen Implantaten Kenntnis haben. Die meisten der Befragten fühlten sich über die Möglichkeiten bezüglich Ersatz fehlender Zähne schlecht informiert und viele wussten weniger über Implantate als über andere Behandlungsvarianten. Es wurde gesagt, der Zahnarzt sei die gewünschte Informationsquelle, aber 77% der Befragten berichteten, dass ihr Zahnarzt keine Behandlungen mit Implantaten anbietet. Mehr als 79% der Befragten wussten nicht, ob ihr Zahnarzt mit Implantaten arbeitet. Vierundvierzig Prozent dachten, dass Implantate nur durch speziell ausgebildete Aerzte gesetzt werden sollten. Einundsechzig Prozent waren der Meinung, dass Zahnärzte, welche Implantatbehandlungen anbieten, besser qualifiziert sind als ihre nicht-implantierenden Kollegen. Die Hälfte der Befragten führten Implantatmisserfolge auf Allergien und Unverträglichkeiten zurück, die andere Hälfte auf schlechte medizinische Nachsorge. Nur 29% bezeichneten eine schlechte Mundhygiene als Ursache für Implantatmisserfolge. Zukünftige Studien sollten Richtung professioneller Publikums- und Patienteninformation gesteuert werden. International tätige qualifizierte Implantatinstitutionen könnten beträchtlich zum Ausgleich von widersprüchlichen Informationen beitragen. Resumen El número de implantes dentales insertados anualmente en todo el mundo se ha estimado cercano al millón. Pero el nivel de información disponible para los pacientes acerca de opciones de tratamiento reales con implantes basados en la evidencia es frecuentemente mas bien fragmentaria y lo que se disemina por los medios y la industria no siempre refleja los datos empíricos basados en la evidencia. Esta encuesta de 1000 adultos que presentaba 18 preguntas fue diseñada para dar luz en determinados puntos. Estos fueron (1) nivel subjetivo de información de los pacientes; (2) fuentes de información y prejuicios; (3) demanda futura para tratamiento de implantes y grupos diana para campañas de información; (4) desinformación potencial, déficit de información, discrepancias de información y como se generan. De aquellos a los que se preguntó, 20% dijeron espontáneamente que los implantes eran una posibilidad para reemplazar dientes ausentes. Cuando se les preguntó, 72% dijeron que sabían acerca de los implantes dentales. La mayoría de los encuestados se sentían pobremente informados acerca de las opciones para reemplazar dientes ausentes y muchos sabían menos acerca de los implantes que sobre otras alternativas. Se dijo que el dentista era la fuente de información mas deseada, pero 77% de los encuestados manifestó que sus dentistas no practicaban implantología. Mas del 79% de los encuestados no sabían si su dentista trabajaba con implantes. El 44% pensaba que los implantes debían ponerse solamente por doctores especialmente entrenados. El 61% eran de la opinión de que los dentistas que realizaban odontología de implantes estaban mejor cualificados que sus colegas que no lo hacían. La mitad de los encuestados atribuían los fracasos de los implantes a alergias e incompatibilidades, la otra mitad a pobres cuidados médicos. Solo el 29% incriminó a la pobre higiene oral como causa de fracaso de los implantes. La futura estrategia debe ser encaminada a unas relaciones públicas más profesionales y a más información del paciente. Las instituciones de implantes cualificadas que operan internacionalmente podrían contribuir a equilibrar la información discrepante. [source] | ||||||||||