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Poor Birth Outcomes (poor + birth_outcome)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	75%

Selected Abstracts

Despite Profile Suggesting Low Risk, Indian-Born U.S. Mothers Have High Levels of Some Poor Birth Outcomes

PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH, Issue 6 2003
S. London
No abstract is available for this article. [source]

Malaria during pregnancy in endemic areas: A lens for examining maternal,fetal conflict,

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY, Issue 5 2009
Elizabeth T. Abrams
Most of our knowledge about maternal,fetal conflict derives from the battle over scarce nutritional resources. How do other stressors like infectious diseases alter the maternal,fetal relationship? In this article, we use the example of malaria infection during pregnancy to explore the altered maternal,fetal relationship in the presence of an infectious disease. While adults living in regions endemic to Plasmodium falciparum malaria are generally immune, pregnant women experience significantly more frequent and severe infections. These infections generally resolve within a few days of birth and rarely cross the placenta, but the infants often experience poor birth outcomes, particularly low birth weight. This article summarizes what is known about the proximate, or physiological, mechanisms by which malaria causes more severe or frequent infections for pregnant versus nonpregnant women in endemic regions and then utilizes an evolutionary approach to focus on the altered maternal,fetal relationship during malaria-infected pregnancy. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

Influence of previous pregnancy outcomes and continued smoking on subsequent pregnancy outcomes: an exploratory study in Australia

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 11 2008
M Mohsin
Objective, To examine the influence of continued smoking and previous pregnancy outcomes on subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Design, Retrospective descriptive epidemiological study. Setting, New South Wales, Australia, 1994,2004. Population, Mothers who delivered two consecutive singleton births. Methods, Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to explore the influence of continued smoking on subsequent pregnancy outcomes. Main outcome measures, Subsequent preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW) and perinatal deaths. Results, The findings showed that in addition to maternal and neonatal characteristics, birth outcomes in subsequent pregnancies were affected by poor birth outcomes in previous pregnancy. Previous PTB, short birth interval, antenatal care, gestational diabetes and smoking habits in two successive pregnancies had relatively strong association with a subsequent PTB and LBW. Mothers who continued to smoke in subsequent pregnancies were more likely to have adverse pregnancy outcomes compared with others. A change from smoking in first pregnancy to not smoking in next pregnancy had reduced the chance of a subsequent PTB and LBW. The risk of a subsequent preterm and LBW delivery increased with the amount of smoking during the second pregnancy. For mothers who remain as moderate smokers in subsequent pregnancies, the odds ratios for a PTB and LBW delivery were significantly lower than those who remain as heavy smokers. Conclusions, Effective interventions to help women to stop smoking during pregnancy could reduce the risk of adverse obstetric and pregnancy outcomes. Strategies to reduce the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy may include intense intervention for women who have had smoking-related adverse outcomes in a previous pregnancy. [source]

REVIEW: Malaria in pregnancy

BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 9 2005
Christopher J.M. Whitty
Malaria in pregnancy is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity worldwide, and leads to poor birth outcomes. There is a complex interaction between pregnancy and parasite,all favour the parasite and disadvantage the pregnant woman. Women who are semi-immune lose much of that immunity. They may present with placental malaria but with no parasites in their peripheral blood. A non-immune pregnant women and her fetus are at serious risk from falciparum malaria. The diagnosis and management of malaria in pregnancy, including the safety of antimalarial drugs and interactions of malaria with HIV in pregnancy are reviewed. [source]