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Political Form (political + form)
Selected AbstractsThe Need for Enemies: A Bestiary of Political FormsAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 3 2000Usha Menon The Need for Enemies:. Bestiary of Political Forms. F. G. Bailey. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998. 223 pp. [source] Methodological nationalism and beyond: nation,state building, migration and the social sciencesGLOBAL NETWORKS, Issue 4 2002Andreas Wimmer Methodological nationalism is understood as the assumption that the nation/state/society is the natural social and political form of the modern world. We distinguish three modes of methodological nationalism that have characterized mainstream social science, and then show how these have influenced research on migration. We discover parallels between nationalist thinking and the conceptualization of migration in postwar social sciences. In a historical tour d'horizon, we show that this mainstream concept has developed in close interaction with nation,state building processes in the West and the role that immigration and integration policies have played within them. The shift towards a study of ,transnational communities', the last phase in this process , was more a consequence of an epistemic move away from methodological nationalism than of the appearance of new objects of observation. The article concludes by recommending new concepts for analysis that, on the one hand, are not coloured by methodological nationalism and, on the other hand, go beyond the fluidism of much contemporary social theory. [source] What Is the Polity?INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW, Issue 1 2000Yale H. Ferguson The sovereign state became the dominant political form in a relatively brief period that began in Westphalian Europe and continued with European colonization. Contemporary states face increased challenges from inside and outside, and a global crisis of authority looms. Although the state as a form is highly variable and not about to disappear, a growing number and variety of other polities are moving toward center stage. The initiators of this roundtable asked several distinguished social scientists interested in historical perspective how they might redraw the map of global political space to reflect better current polities, boundaries, and identities and what future changes in that map they might foresee. Each contributor approached the questions in distinctive ways. Robert A. Denemark argues for more attention to world system history. Hendrik Spruyt looks for historical sociological insights into international systems change. Barry Buzan and Richard Little predict a rapidly shifting world of postmodern states and a different zone of conflict. Janice Gross Stein focuses on the privatization of security. Michael Mann finds that states as "polymorphous' entities still have a future. Yale H. Ferguson and Richard W. Mansbach close with a discussion of their "polities" model. [source] Framing Greater France Between The WarsJOURNAL OF HISTORICAL SOCIOLOGY, Issue 2 2001Gary Wilder This essay analyzes the relationship between France as an imperial nation-state and the discourse of Greater France that intensified during the interwar period. I am interested in the way that the figure of Greater France sought to stage and reconcile , not justify, rationalize, or mystify , structural contradictions between republican and imperial systems of government. I argue that there is an intrinsic relationship between colonial discourse and its corresponding political form. By posing questions about the status we assign to colonial ideology through the analysis of a series of influential colonial texts, this essay pays special attention to the dissociation of nationality and citizenship that characterized a political form composed of a metropolitan parliamentary government articulated with a colonial administrative regime. I hope to reframe the familiar discussion of the proliferating representations of empire that circulated in metropolitan France after World War One. The figure of la plus grande France that developed then allows us to interrogate the French imperial nation-state at a doubly paradoxical historical conjuncture characterized by the consolidation of both the republic and the empire, on the one hand, and by unprecedented crises of the republic and colonial legitimacy, on the other. Interwar imperialism produced qualitative and evaluative distinctions between different French colonies but I will focus on the more general conceptions of the empire as such that circulated through the discourse of Greater France. [source] Examining Factors that Impact Mississippi Counties' Unreserved Fund Balance during Relative Resource Abundance and Relative Resource ScarcityPUBLIC BUDGETING AND FINANCE, Issue 4 2009LA SHONDA M. STEWART Although using some of the same organizational and financial factors examined by prior researchers to build and test models that explain factors influencing change in the general fund unreserved balance for smaller, rural, and less affluent counties in Mississippi, the rationale of this study is to build additional support that applying the recommended 5,15 percent savings benchmark across all jurisdictions is not a sufficient guide. Overall, Mississippi counties maintain unreserved fund balances ranging from a negative balance to over one hundred percent of their current expenditures. Counties also increase reserves during times of relative resource abundance and decrease them during relative resource scarcity. Moreover, they tend to address short-term needs and resident demands when revenues are plentiful. During relative resource scarcity, however, they are more cost-conscious and focus on maintaining rather than expanding current expenditures. This research shows that counties using the Beat system, a political form of government, are more likely to behave more frugally than counties using a Unit system, an administrative form of government. [source] Political Theology and Shakespeare StudiesLITERATURE COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 1 2009Jennifer R. Rust The current focus on political theology in Shakespeare studies is largely devoted to tracing how Shakespeare's dramas illuminate the structural link between religious and political forms in both early modernity and modern liberal democracy. Critics concerned with addressing Shakespeare's engagement with political theology are also interested in how Shakespeare's portrayal of sovereign bodies in crisis constitute an early representation of ,biopolitics'. These critics draw on theorists ranging from Carl Schmitt to Giorgio Agamben to inform their analyses of the way Shakespeare dramatizes sovereignty in a ,state of emergency' in his histories and tragedies. Plays such as Richard II, Coriolanus, and Hamlet have drawn particular attention insofar as they vividly interrogate the nature of the sovereign exception and decision highlighted by theorists of political theology. While this line of criticism adds a new theoretical dimension to Shakespeare studies, it also offers the potential for remapping our understanding of the religious and political history of early modern England in its attention to the deforming pressure of religious schism on traditional structures of sovereignty. [source] The State in World History: Perspectives and ProblemsAUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF POLITICS AND HISTORY, Issue 3 2002Gregory Melleuish This paper investigates the role of the state in world history and analyses some of the major issues confronting such an investigation with a particular focus on the relationship between the modern European state and the other historical forms of the state. Firstly it considers the problems raised by the fact that the terminology of state analysis is derived from a discourse that arose to explain the particularity of European state development. Secondly it considers the problem of the origins of the state. It examines two major issues: van Creveld's argument that only modern European states are real states and the chiefdom/state distinction. It argues that new political forms occurred both with the emergence of civilisation and the "state" in the ancient world and with the development of the modern European state after 1300. Thirdly it considers the issue of a typology of states through an examination of the model developed by Finer in his The History of Government. It argues that this model is only really effective in dealing with pre,modern political forms and that the modern European state needs to be understood as a deviant from the Eurasian norm of the agrarian empire. [source] Cultural Politics, Communal Resistance and Identity in Andean Irrigation DevelopmentBULLETIN OF LATIN AMERICAN RESEARCH, Issue 3 2005Rutgerd Boelens This article uses two case studies to illustrate how Andean irrigation development and management emerges from a hybrid mix of local community rules and the changing political forms and ideological forces of hegemonic states. Some indigenous water-control institutions are with us today because they were consonant with the extractive purposes of local elites and Inca, Spanish and post-independence Republican states. These states often appropriated and standardised local water-management rules, rights and rituals in order to gain control over the surplus produced by these irrigation systems. However, as we show in the case of two communities in Ecuador and Peru, many of these same institutions are reappropriated and redirected by local communities to counteract both classic ,exclusion-oriented' and modern ,inclusion-oriented' water and identity politics. In this way, they resist subordination, discrimination and the control of local water management by rural elites or state actors. [source] The practice of business ethics in China: we need a parentBUSINESS ETHICS: A EUROPEAN REVIEW, Issue 2 2001Ying Hong This paper addresses the practice of business ethics in China. It begins with a literature review. Using a traditional cultural framework it then analyses the role of the state in China. A comparison is made between the evolution of Chinese social and political forms and those of the West, and the consequences of those differences for the question of auto-organisation in China are described. After commenting on the reality of business ethics in China, the paper concludes that the practice of business ethics in China needs the guiding ,parental' hand of government. [source] | |||||||||||||