Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Potential Prognostic Indicators (potential + prognostic_indicator)
Selected AbstractsPotential Prognostic Indicators in Diffuse Peritonitis Treated with Open Peritoneal Drainage in the Canine PatientJOURNAL OF VETERINARY EMERGENCY AND CRITICAL CARE, Issue 4 2000DACVS, Kevin P. Winkler DVM Summary The purpose of this study was to identify prognostic indicators that may help to predict outcome in clinical cases of diffuse peritonitis treated with open peritoneal drainage. Medical records from 19 canine patients with generalized peritonitis treated with open peritoneal drainage between 1990 and 1996 were reviewed. The signalment, preoperative complete blood count (CBC), preoperative biochemical profiles, and number of days of open peritoneal drainage of surviving patients (n = 15) were compared to nonsurviving patients (n = 4). Significant differences were noted between the surviving and nonsurviving groups in the ALT (p = 0.02) and GGT (p = 0.01) values. Seventy-nine percent of the patients in this study survived. [source] Prognostic index to identify patients who may not benefit from whole brain radiotherapy for multiple brain metastases from lung cancerJOURNAL OF MEDICAL IMAGING AND RADIATION ONCOLOGY, Issue 1 2010P Sundaresan Summary Palliative whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is often recommended in the management of multiple brain metastases. Allowing for WBRT waiting time, duration of the WBRT course and time to clinical response, it may take 6 weeks from the point of initial assessment for a benefit from WBRT to manifest. Patients who die within 6 weeks (,early death') may not benefit from WBRT and may instead experience a decline in quality of life. This study aimed to develop a prognostic index (PI) that identifies the subset of patients with lung cancer with multiple brain metastases who may not benefit from WBRT because of ,early death'. The medical records of patients with lung cancer who had WBRT recommended for multiple brain metastases over a 10-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified as either having died within 6 weeks or having lived beyond 6 weeks. Potential prognostic indicators were evaluated for correlation with ,early death'. A PI was constructed by modelling the survival classification to determine the contribution of these factors towards shortened survival. Of the 275 patients recommended WBRT, 64 (23.22%) died within 6 weeks. The main prognostic factor predicting early death was Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) status >2. Patients with a high PI score (>13) were at higher risk of ,early death'. Twenty-three per cent of patients died prior to benefit from WBRT. ECOG status was the most predictive for ,early death'. Other factors may also contribute towards a poor outcome. With further refinement and validation, the PI could be a valuable clinical decision tool. [source] The role of the RNA-binding protein Sam68 in mammary tumourigenesis,THE JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2010David J Elliott Abstract The RNA binding protein Sam68 (Src- associated in mitosis 68 kD) is implicated in cell signalling, transcriptional regulation, pre-mRNA splicing, and is overexpressed and/or hyperphosphorylated in breast, prostate, and renal cancers. Sam68 has roles in normal breast development; however, a study by Song et al published in this issue of The Journal of Pathology reports overexpression of nuclear and cytoplasmic Sam68 protein in a large cohort of clinical breast tumours, implicating Sam68 as a potential prognostic indicator and target for therapy. In breast cancer cells, nuclear Sam68 protein might affect the expression of cancer-relevant genes and/or modulate exon splicing patterns in a dose-dependent manner. Sam68-regulated expression of alternative transcripts may help drive mammary tumourigenesis. The high levels of cytoplasmic Sam68 protein observed in breast cancer cells could also impact on cellular signalling pathways important for mammary tumour cell biology. Copyright © 2010 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Invited Commentary for Song L et al. Sam68 up-regulation correlates with, and its down-regulation inhibits, proliferation and tumourigenicity of breast cancer cells. Journal of Pathology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/path.2751 [source] Staging of esophageal carcinoma: Length of tumor and number of involved regional lymph nodes.JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY, Issue 5 2006Are these independent prognostic factors? Abstract Background and Objectives New potential prognostic indicators aside from the TNM classification have been proposed. The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic relevance of tumor length as well as number of involved regional lymph nodes (LNM) in patients with esophageal carcinoma. Methods Two hundred thirteen patients with esophageal carcinoma (116 squamous cell- and 97 adenocarcinoma) were included in this study. Treatment of choice was subtotal en bloc esophagectomy including "2-field" lymphadenectomy. The median number of examined lymph nodes (LNs) was 28. Eighty patients (38%) received preoperative radio-chemotherapy according to a standardized protocol. Histopathology consisted of tumor stage, residual tumor, grading, and number of examined and involved LN. Univariate and multivariate prognostic values were calculated. Results Length of tumor correlated with pT/ypT-category (P,<,0.01). Univariate but not multivariate analysis showed better survival for tumors ,3 cm (P,<,0.05). Patients with 1,5 LNM had significantly better prognoses than those with more than 5 LNM (Hazard ratio 2.7, 95% CI,=,1.7,4.2) (P,<,0.01). Patients without LNM and more than 15 examined LN showed significantly better prognosis than those with fewer examined LN (Hazard ratio,=,0.3, 95% CI,=,0.1,0.6) (P,<,0.01). Conclusions A revision of the TNM classification for esophageal carcinoma should subdivide the pN1-category according to the number of LNM. J. Surg. Oncol. 2006;94:355,363. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Treatment of Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia in Dogs with CyclophosphamideJOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE, Issue 4 2000Kristine Burgess A review of 60 cases of immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) in the dog was performed in order to characterize the disease and to identify potential prognostic indicators. Dogs ranged in age from 1 to 13 years, with a mean age of 6.5 years. The 2 most commonly affected breeds were Cocker Spaniels and Labrador Retrievers. Fifty-two of the 60 dogs tested (87%) were autoagglu-tination positive and spherocytes were present in 45 (75%). Forty-one (89%) of 46 patients tested positive for the presence of immunoglobulin on the red blood cell surface (Coombs assay). The most common clinical signs at presentation were lethargy, weakness, pale mucous membranes, icterus, hemoglobinuria, and anorexia. PCV less than 25% was present in 59 (98%) dogs. At the time of presentation, 35 dogs (58%) had a nonregenerative anemia, whereas 25 patients (42%) had a regenerative response. Thrombocytopenia was seen in 41 (68%) dogs. Nine of 34 dogs (26%) had a prolonged prothrombin time, 19 of 34 (56%) had a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin clotting time, and 12 of 34 (35%) had abnormal fibrinogen concentrations. All dogs received prednisone at immunosuppressive doses (2.2,4.4 mg/kg PO as a single or divided dose every 24 hours) and cyclophosphamide as primary therapy. Forty-one dogs (63%) received cyclophosphamide at 50 mg/m2 q24h for 4 days, whereas 9 dogs (15%) received an initial high dose (200 mg/m2) followed by 3 days of a lower dose (50 mg/m2 q24h). No statistical difference in survival times was found for either protocol. Thirteen dogs were treated with azathioprine in addition to cyclophosphamide and prednisone. The median survival time of dogs that received all 3 drugs was 370 days as compared to 9 days for those dogs that were treated with cyclophosphamide and prednisone alone. Thirty-one (52%) dogs died from the disease, 13 (22%) dogs were alive, and 15 (25%) dogs were lost to follow-up. The median length of survival for all dogs was 21 days. Eight dogs that were discharged from the hospital suffered a relapse (PCV < 25%). [source] Diffusely elevated cerebral choline and creatine in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosisMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE, Issue 1 2003Matilde Inglese Abstract It is well known that multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis continues even during periods of clinical silence. To quantify the metabolic characteristics of this activity we compared the absolute levels of N -acetylaspartate (NAA), creatine (Cr), and choline (Cho) in the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) between relapsing-remitting (RR) MS patients and controls. Metabolite concentrations were obtained with 3D proton MR spectroscopy at 1.5 T in a 480 cm3 volume-of-interest (VOI), centered on the corpus callosum of 11 MS patients and 9 matched controls. Gray/white-matter/cerebral-spinal-fluid (CSF) volumes were obtained from MRI segmentation. Patients' average VOI tissue volume (VT), 410.8 ± 24.0 cm3, and metabolite levels, NAA = 6.33 ± 0.70, Cr = 4.67 ± 0.52, Cho = 1.40 ± 0.17 mM, were different from the controls by ,8%, ,9%, +22% and +32%. The Cho level was the only single metric differentiating patients from controls at 100% specificity and >90% sensitivity. Diffusely elevated Cho and Cr probably reflect widespread microscopic inflammation, gliosis, or de- and remyelination in the NAWM. Both metabolites are potential prognostic indicators of current disease activity, preceding NAA decline and atrophy. Magn Reson Med 50:190,195, 2003. © 2003 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] | ||||||||||