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Selected AbstractsEffects of a natural extract of (,)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) and a combination of HCA-SX plus niacin-bound chromium and Gymnema sylvestre extract on weight lossDIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM, Issue 3 2004H. G. Preuss Aim:, The efficacy of optimal doses of highly bioavailable (,)-hydroxycitric acid (HCA-SX) alone and in combination with niacin-bound chromium (NBC) and a standardized Gymnema sylvestre extract (GSE) on weight loss in moderately obese subjects was evaluated by monitoring changes in body weight, body mass index (BMI), appetite, lipid profiles, serum leptin and excretion of urinary fat metabolites. HCA-SX has been shown to reduce appetite, inhibit fat synthesis and decrease body weight without stimulating the central nervous system. NBC has demonstrated its ability to maintain healthy insulin levels, while GSE has been shown to regulate weight loss and blood sugar levels. Methods:, A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled human study was conducted in Elluru, India for 8 weeks in 60 moderately obese subjects (ages 21,50, BMI >26 kg/m2). Subjects were randomly divided into three groups. Group A was administered HCA-SX 4667 mg, group B was administered a combination of HCA-SX 4667 mg, NBC 4 mg and GSE 400 mg, while group C was given placebo daily in three equally divided doses 30,60 min before meals. All subjects received a 2000 kcal diet/day and participated in supervised walking. Results:, At the end of 8 weeks, body weight and BMI decreased by 5,6% in both groups A and B. Food intake, total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and serum leptin levels were significantly reduced in both groups, while high-density lipoprotein levels and excretion of urinary fat metabolites increased in both groups. A marginal or non-significant effect was observed in all parameters in group C. Conclusion:, The present study shows that optimal doses of HCA-SX and, to a greater degree, the combination of HCA-SX, NBC and GSE can serve as an effective and safe weight-loss formula that can facilitate a reduction in excess body weight and BMI, while promoting healthy blood lipid levels. [source] CLINICAL STUDY: Very low dose naltrexone addition in opioid detoxification: a randomized, controlled trialADDICTION BIOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Paolo Mannelli ABSTRACT Although current treatments for opioid detoxification are not always effective, medical detoxification remains a required step before long-term interventions. The use of opioid antagonist medications to improve detoxification has produced inconsistent results. Very low dose naltrexone (VLNTX) was recently found to reduce opioid tolerance and dependence in animal and clinical studies. We decided to evaluate safety and efficacy of VLNTX adjunct to methadone in reducing withdrawal during detoxification. In a multi-center, double-blind, randomized study at community treatment programs, where most detoxifications are performed, 174 opioid-dependent subjects received NTX 0.125 mg, 0.250 mg or placebo daily for 6 days, together with methadone in tapering doses. VLNTX-treated individuals reported attenuated withdrawal symptoms [F = 7.24 (2,170); P = 0.001] and reduced craving [F = 3.73 (2,107); P = 0.03]. Treatment effects were more pronounced at discharge and were not accompanied by a significantly higher retention rate. There were no group differences in use of adjuvant medications and no treatment-related adverse events. Further studies should explore the use of VLNTX, combined with full and partial opioid agonist medications, in detoxification and long-term treatment of opioid dependence. [source] A randomized placebo-controlled trial of metformin for the treatment of HIV lipodystrophyHIV MEDICINE, Issue 7 2007R Kohli Objective We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled trial to examine the effects of metformin on visceral adipose tissue (VAT), appendicular fat, lipid profile and insulin sensitivity in HIV-infected persons with central adiposity and mild insulin resistance. Methods Forty-eight HIV-infected men and women with a self-reported increase in abdominal girth and an abnormal waist-to-hip ratio were randomly assigned in double-blind fashion to receive metformin 1500 mg or placebo daily for 24 weeks. Persons with diabetes were excluded. The following measures were obtained at baseline and 24 weeks: single-slice computed tomography (CT) scan, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), lipid profile and oral glucose tolerance test. Results The median fasting insulin concentration of all participants was 12.3 ,U/mL. The percentage change in VAT was not significantly different between the metformin and placebo groups in univariate analysis and linear regression analysis adjusting for age, height, baseline VAT and insulin area under the curve (10.1% vs 3.2%; P=0.58). Metformin was associated with a significant decrease in appendicular fat mass compared with placebo (,686.0 vs 161.0 g; P=0.03). There was no significant change in lipid profile or insulin sensitivity between the two groups at 24 weeks. Conclusion Metformin should be used with caution in the treatment of HIV lipodystrophy, and, if used, should be reserved for persons with adequate peripheral fat and marked insulin resistance. [source] Desensitizing Agent Efficacy during Whitening in an At-Risk PopulationJOURNAL OF ESTHETIC AND RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY, Issue 1 2004RALPH H. LEONARD Jr. DDS. ABSTRACT Background: Nightguard vital bleaching (NGVB) has gained acceptance among dentists and patients as a simple and effective procedure to lighten discolored teeth. Although the efficacy and predictability of NGVB have been well established, it has been documented that patients undergoing the procedure may experience side effects such as tooth sensitivity (TS) and gingival irritation (GI). A previous NGVB study suggested that selected participants might benefit from a regimen of a desensitizing agent (DSA)to decrease or prevent TS during whitening. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the daily use of an active DSA (UltraEZTM, Ultradent Products Inc., South Jordan, UT, USA) during NGVB would decrease TS in a population at risk for TS when compared with a placebo. Materials and Methods: Forty subjects participated in this single-blind randomized clinical trial. All participants had indicated that they had preexisting TS or other risk factors for TS during NGVB. To evaluate TS caused by the tray alone, participants wore custom-fitted maxillary whitening trays containing no DSA or whitening solution during week 1. Next, participants were randomly assigned to apply either the active DSA or placebo daily for 14 days in the trays for 30 minutes prior to whitening. The placebo was the same formulation as UltraEZ but without the desensitizing agents (3% potassium nitrate and 0.11% by weight fluoride ion). The bleaching solution was a 10% carbamide peroxide whitening solution (OpalescenceTM, Ultradent Inc.). Post treatment, participants were followed up for 1 week, during which time they used neither trays nor solutions. Throughout the study, participants completed a daily diary to record their perceptions of TS and the time spent wearing the tray with the whitening solution. Results: Forty-one percent of the active group had at least 1 day of TS during treatment compared with 78% of the placebo group. The difference was statistically significant (p= .027) using the two-tailed Fisher exact test. [source] Randomized sequential trial of valproic acid in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 2 2009Sanne Piepers MD Objective To determine whether valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor that showed antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties and reduced glutamate toxicity in preclinical studies, is safe and effective in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using a sequential trial design. Methods Between April 2005 and January 2007, 163 ALS patients received VPA 1,500mg or placebo daily. Primary end point was survival. Secondary outcome measure was decline of functional status measured by the revised ALS Functional Rating Scale. Analysis was by intention to treat and according to a sequential trial design. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (number NCT00136110). Results VPA did not affect survival (cumulative survival probability of 0.72 in the VPA group [standard error (SE), 0.06] vs 0.88 in the placebo group [SE, 0.04] at 12 months, and 0.59 in the VPA group [SE, 0.07] vs 0.68 in the placebo group [SE, 0.08] at 16 months) or the rate of decline of functional status. VPA intake did not cause serious adverse reactions. Interpretation Our finding that VPA, at a dose used in epilepsy, does not show a beneficial effect on survival or disease progression in patients with ALS has implications for future trials with histone deacetylase inhibitors in ALS and other neurodegenerative diseases. The use of a sequential trial design allowed inclusion of only half the number of patients required for a classic trial design and prevented patients from unnecessarily continuing potentially harmful study medication. Ann Neurol 2009;66:227,234 [source] Levodopa: Faster and better word learning in normal humansANNALS OF NEUROLOGY, Issue 1 2004Stefan Knecht MD Dopamine is a potent modulator of learning and has been implicated in the encoding of stimulus salience. Repetition, however, as required for the acquisition and reacquisition of sensorimotor or cognitive skills (e.g., in aphasia therapy), decreases salience. We here tested whether increasing brain levels of dopamine during repetitive training improves learning success. Forty healthy humans took 100mg of the dopamine precursor levodopa or placebo daily for 5 days in a randomized double-blind and parallel-group design. Ninety minutes later on each day, subjects were trained on an artificial vocabulary using a high-frequency repetitive approach. Levodopa significantly enhanced the speed, overall success, and long-term retention of novel word learning in a dose-dependent manner. These findings indicate new ways to potentiate learning in a variety of domains if conventional training alone fails. [source] Epitope-specific immunotherapy of rheumatoid arthritis: Clinical responsiveness occurs with immune deviation and relies on the expression of a cluster of molecules associated with T cell tolerance in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, pilot phase II trial,ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 11 2009Eva C. Koffeman Objective Induction of immune tolerance to maintain clinical control with a minimal drug regimen is a current research focus in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Accordingly, we are developing a tolerization approach to dnaJP1, a peptide part of a pathogenic mechanism that contributes to autoimmune inflammation in RA. We undertook this study to test 2 hypotheses: 1) that mucosal induction of immune tolerance to dnaJP1 would lead to a qualitative change from a proinflammatory phenotype to a more tolerogenic functional phenotype, and 2) that immune deviation of responses to an inflammatory epitope might translate into clinical improvement. Methods One hundred sixty patients with active RA and with immunologic reactivity to dnaJP1 were enrolled in a pilot phase II trial. They received oral doses of 25 mg of dnaJP1 or placebo daily for 6 months. Results The dnaJP1 peptide was safe and well-tolerated. In response to treatment with dnaJP1, there was a significant reduction in the percentage of T cells producing tumor necrosis factor , and a corresponding trend toward an increased percentage of T cells producing interleukin-10. Coexpression of a cluster of molecules (programmed death 1 and its ligands) associated with T cell regulation was also found to be a prerequisite for successful tolerization in clinical responders. Analysis of the primary efficacy end point (meeting the American College of Rheumatology 20% improvement criteria at least once on day 112, 140, or 168) showed a difference between treatment groups that became significant in post hoc analysis using generalized estimating equations. Differences in clinical responses were also found between treatment groups on day 140 and at followup. Post hoc analysis showed that the combination of dnaJP1 and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) was superior to the combination of HCQ and placebo. Conclusion Tolerization to dnaJP1 leads to immune deviation and a trend toward clinical efficacy. Susceptibility to treatment relies on the coexpression of molecules that can down-regulate adaptive immunity. [source] Prevention of glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in mice by inhibition of RANKLARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 5 2009Lorenz C. Hofbauer Objective RANKL has been implicated in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of denosumab, a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against human RANKL (hRANKL), in a murine model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Methods Eight-month-old male homozygous hRANKL-knockin mice expressing a chimeric RANKL protein with a humanized exon 5 received 2.1 mg/kg of prednisolone or placebo daily over 4 weeks via subcutaneous slow-release pellets and were additionally treated with phosphate buffered saline or denosumab (10 mg/kg subcutaneously twice weekly). Two groups of wild-type mice were also treated with either prednisolone or vehicle. Results The 4-week prednisolone treatment induced loss of vertebral and femoral volumetric bone mineral density in the hRANKL-knockin mice. Glucocorticoid-induced bone loss was associated with suppressed vertebral bone formation and increased bone resorption, as evidenced by increases in the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP),positive osteoclasts, TRAP-5b protein in bone extracts, serum levels of TRAP-5b, and urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline. Denosumab prevented prednisolone-induced bone loss by a pronounced antiresorptive effect. Biomechanical compression tests of lumbar vertebrae revealed a detrimental effect of prednisolone on bone strength that was prevented by denosumab. Conclusion Our findings indicate that RANKL inhibition by denosumab prevents glucocorticoid-induced loss of bone mass and strength in hRANKL-knockin mice. [source] The Effect of Metformin in Overweight Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and Poor Metabolic ControlBASIC AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY, Issue 3 2009Iben Brock Jacobsen Double-blinded intervention with 2000 mg metformin or placebo daily in 24 type 1 diabetic patients as adjunct to intensive insulin therapy. Primary endpoint was HbA1c, while secondary endpoints were body weight, frequency of hypoglycaemia, blood pressure, lipids, insulin dosage and self-monitored blood glucose profiles were measured. After 24 weeks, no difference in HbA1c was seen between the metformin and placebo groups (,0.5 ± 0.3 vs. ,0.2 ± 0.2%, P = 0.26. , mean ± S.E.M). Mean diurnal blood glucose profiles showed no statistical significant difference between the groups. The total daily insulin dose (IU) was significantly reduced in the metformin group compared to placebo after 24 weeks (,5.9 ± 2.2 vs. 2.9 ± 1.7, P = 0.004. , mean ± S.E.M). An increase in the frequency of hypoglycaemia was seen in the metformin group (0.7 ± 0.9 vs. 0.3 ± 0.5 events patient,1 week,1, P = 0.005), and a reduction in body weight was found using metformin compared to placebo (,3.0 ± 1.0 vs. 0.8 ± 1.1, P = 0.02. , mean ± S.E.M). Lipids and blood pressure did not differ significantly after intervention. Metformin, as adjunct to intensive insulin therapy, was associated with a reduction in the total daily insulin dose and a significant weight loss in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. [source] World Health Organisation multicentre randomised trial of supplementation with vitamins C and E among pregnant women at high risk for pre-eclampsia in populations of low nutritional status from developing countriesBJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 6 2009J Villar Objective, To determine if vitamin C and E supplementation in high-risk pregnant women with low nutritional status reduces pre-eclampsia. Design, Multicentred, randomised, controlled, double-blinded trial. Setting, Antenatal care clinics and Hospitals in four countries. Population, Pregnant women between 14 and 22 weeks' gestation. Method, Randomised women received 1000 mg vitamin C and 400 iu of vitamin E or placebo daily until delivery. Main outcome measures, Pre-eclampsia, low birthweight, small for gestational age and perinatal death. Results, Six hundred and eighty-seven women were randomised to the vitamin group and 678 to the placebo group. Groups had similar gestational ages (18.1; SD 2.4 weeks), socio-economic, clinical and demographical characteristics and blood pressure at trial entry. Risk factors for eligibility were similar, except for multiple pregnancies: placebo group (14.7%), vitamins group (11.8%). Previous pre-eclampsia, or its complications, was the most common risk factor at entry (vitamins 41.6%, placebo 41.3%). Treatment compliance was 87% in the two groups and loss to follow-up was low (vitamins 2.0%, placebo 1.3%). Supplementation was not associated with a reduction of pre-eclampsia (RR: 1.0; 95% CI: 0.9,1.3), eclampsia (RR: 1.5; 95% CI: 0.3,8.9), gestational hypertension (RR: 1.2; 95% CI: 0.9,1.7), nor any other maternal outcome. Low birthweight (RR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.8,1.1), small for gestational age (RR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.8,1.1) and perinatal deaths (RR: 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6,1.2) were also unaffected. Conclusion, Vitamins C and E at the doses used did not prevent pre-eclampsia in these high-risk women. [source] Aspirin (100 mg) used for prevention of pre-eclampsia in nulliparous women: the Essai Régional Aspirine Mère,Enfant study (Part 1)BJOG : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY, Issue 5 2003Damien Subtil Objective To reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia in nulliparous women, in accordance with the suggestion of a recent meta-analysis that low dose aspirin might decrease this incidence by more than half if used early enough in and at a sufficient dose during pregnancy (more than 75 mg). Design Multicentre randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Setting Twenty eight centres in Northern of France and one in Belgium. Population Three thousand and two hundred ninety-four nulliparous women recruited between 14 and 20 weeks. Methods Randomisation to either 100 mg aspirin or placebo daily from inclusion through 34 weeks. Main outcome measures Preeclampsia was defined as hypertension (,140 and or 90 mmHg) associated with proteinuria (,0.5 g/L). Results The aspirin (n= 1644) and placebo (n= 1650) groups did not differ significantly in the mothers' incidence of pre-eclampsia (28 of 1632 [1.7%] vs 26 of 1637 [1.6%]; relative risk, RR, 1.08, 95% CI 0.64,1.83), hypertension, HELLP syndrome or placental abruption, or in the children's incidence of perinatal deaths or birthweight below the 10th centile. The incidence of babies with birthweight below the third centile was significantly higher in the aspirin group, with no explanation. The incidence of maternal side effects was higher in the aspirin group, principally because of a significantly higher rate of haemorrhage. Conclusions Aspirin at a dose of 100 mg does not reduce the incidence of pre-eclampsia in nulliparous women. Aspirin (100 mg) is associated with an increase in bleeding complications. [source] Rofecoxib is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 1A2: studies with tizanidine and caffeine in healthy subjectsBRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY, Issue 3 2006Janne T. Backman Aims Case reports suggest an interaction between rofecoxib and the CYP1A2 substrate tizanidine. Our objectives were to explore the extent and mechanism of this possible interaction and to determine the CYP1A2 inhibitory potency of rofecoxib. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, two-phase cross-over study, nine healthy subjects took 25 mg rofecoxib or placebo daily for 4 days and, on day 4, each ingested 4 mg tizanidine. Plasma concentrations and the urinary excretion of tizanidine, its metabolites (M) and rofecoxib, and pharmacodynamic variables were measured up to 24 h. On day 3, a caffeine test was performed to estimate CYP1A2 activity. Results Rofecoxib increased the area under the plasma concentration,time curve (AUC0,,) of tizanidine by 13.6-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.0, 15.6; P < 0.001), peak plasma concentration (Cmax) by 6.1-fold (4.8, 7.3; P < 0.001) and elimination half-life (t1/2) from 1.6 to 3.0 h (P < 0.001). Consequently, rofecoxib markedly increased the blood pressure-lowering and sedative effects of tizanidine (P < 0.05). Rofecoxib increased several fold the tizanidine/M-3 and tizanidine/M-4 ratios in plasma and urine and the tizanidine/M-5, tizanidine/M-9 and tizanidine/M-10 ratios in urine (P < 0.05). In addition, it increased the plasma caffeine/paraxanthine ratio by 2.4-fold (95% CI 1.4, 3.4; P = 0.008) and this ratio correlated with the tizanidine/metabolite ratios. Finally, the AUC0,25 of rofecoxib correlated with the placebo phase caffeine/paraxanthine ratio (r = 0.80, P = 0.01). Conclusions Rofecoxib is a potent inhibitor of CYP1A2 and it greatly increases the plasma concentrations and adverse effects of tizanidine. The findings suggest that rofecoxib itself is also metabolized by CYP1A2, raising concerns about interactions between rofecoxib and other CYP1A2 substrate and inhibitor drugs. [source] Efficacy and tolerability of EPs 7630 in patients (aged 6,18 years old) with acute bronchitisACTA PAEDIATRICA, Issue 4 2010A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical dose-finding study Abstract Aim:, For EPs-7630, a herbal drug preparation from Pelargonium sidoides roots, therapeutic effects in respiratory tract infections outside the strict indication for antibiotics have already been demonstrated in adults. Now, a dose-finding study for EPs-7630 was performed in children and adolescents. Methods:, A total of 400 patients (aged 6,18 years) were randomized to receive either 30 mg, 60 mg or 90 mg EPs-7630 or placebo daily. Primary outcome criterion was the change in the Bronchitis Severity Score (BSS) from day 0 to day 7. Results:, After 7 days of treatment, the change in the BSS total score was significantly better in the 60 mg and 90 mg groups compared with placebo that of the without relevant differences between these two dosages. Especially ,coughing', ,sputum' and ,rales at auscultation' improved under EPs-7630. Onset of effect was faster, time of bed rest shorter and treatment outcome and satisfaction with treatment were rated better. Tolerability was comparable with placebo in all treatment groups. Conclusion:, EPs-7630 is effective in acute bronchitis outside the strict indication for antibiotics in 6,18 years old patients, with a dose of 60 mg or 90 mg daily offering the best benefit/risk ratio. EPs-7630 significantly reduces the severity of symptoms, leads to a more favourable course of the disease and a faster recovery from acute bronchitis compared with the placebo, and is well tolerated. [source] Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Cerivastatin 0.8 mg in Patients with Primary HypercholesterolemiaCLINICAL CARDIOLOGY, Issue S4 2001Jonathan Isaacsohn M.D. Abstract Background: Statins are the agents of choice in reducing elevated plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Hypothesis: Cerivastatin 0.8 mg has greater long-term efficacy in reducing LDL-C than pravastatin 40 mg in primary hypercholesterolemia. Methods: In this double-blind, parallel-group, 52-week study, patients (n = 1,170) were randomized (4:1:1) to cerivastatin 0.8 mg, cerivastatin 0.4 mg, or placebo daily. After 8 weeks, placebo was switched to pravastatin 40 mg. Patients with insufficient LDL-C lowering after 24 weeks were allowed open-labeled resin therapy. Results: Cerivastatin 0.8 mg reduced LDL-C versus cerivastatin 0.4 mg (40.8 vs. 33.6%, p<0.0001) or pravastatin 40 mg (31.5%, p<0.0001), and brought 81.8% of all patients, and 54.1% of patients with atherosclerotic disease, to National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) goals. Cerivastatin 0.8 mg improved mean total C (-29.0%), triglycerides (-18.3%), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (+9.7%) (all , 0.013 vs. pravastatin 40 mg). Higher baseline triglycerides were associated with greater reductions in triglycerides and elevations in HDL-C with cerivastatin. Cerivastatin was well tolerated; the most commonly reported adverse events were arthralgia, headache, pharyngitis, and rhinitis. Symptomatic creatine kinase > 10 × the upper limit of normal (ULN) occurred in 1,1.5, and 0% of patients receiving cerivastatin 0.8 mg, cerivastatin 0.4 mg, and pravastatin 40 mg, respectively. Repeat hepatic transaminases >3 × ULN occurred in 0.3,0.5,0.5, and 0% of patients, respectively. Conclusion: In long-term use, cerivastatin 0.8 mg effectively and safely brings the majority of patients to NCEP goal. [source] Effectiveness of Lactobacillus -containing vaginal tablets in the treatment of symptomatic bacterial vaginosisCLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION, Issue 1 2009P. Mastromarino Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Lactobacillus -containing vaginal tablets in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and in the restoration of a healthy vaginal flora. Thirty-nine women with BV were enrolled in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Patients received either one Lactobacillus -containing tablet or placebo daily for 7 days. Clinical criteria, vaginal Gram stain scores and symptoms were compared with those at the initial visit and those at completion of therapy and 2 weeks later. After completion of therapy, all of the patients in the Lactobacillus -treated group (n = 18) were free of BV, showing a normal (83%) or intermediate (17%) vaginal flora, as compared with only two patients free of BV with intermediate flora (12%) from among the 16 placebo-treated women (p <0.001). Two weeks after completion of therapy, treatment was successful (score <7) in 61% of Lactobacillus -treated patients as compared with 19% of those in the placebo group (p <0.05). In the treatment group, the total number of symptomatic patients and the intensity of their symptoms, in particular vaginal malodour, were significantly reduced at both follow-up visits. The data indicate that intravaginal administration of exogenous selected strains of lactobacilli can restore a normal vaginal microbiota and be used in treating bacterial vaginosis. [source] | ||||||||||