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Plasticized Poly (plasticized + poly)
Selected AbstractsCrosslinking of PVC formulations treated with UV lightJOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY, Issue 2 2006G. Arias Typical wire and cable formulations of plasticized Poly(vinyl chloride) were prepared with three different stabilizer systems: Ca/Zn (2:1 or 1:1) and dibasic lead phthalate. The mixtures contained trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA) as crosslinking agent and a UV photoinitiator (Irgacure 819). Mixtures were dry-blended, then roll-milled and to finally hot-pressed at 180°C to obtain sheets of 1 and 1.5 mm thickness. Small specimens (3 × 3 cm) were irradiated with UV light for up to 10 days while monitoring changes at different time intervals. The presence of TMPTMA in the samples, as expected, influenced the storage modulus (E,) and gel content percentage, specifically for the thinner samples. These results indicated that UV irradiation produced surface crosslinking. The samples with crosslinking agent also reached higher carbonyl index values. The Ca/Zn formulations showed higher mechanical properties with respect to the Pb ones, thus suggesting that during the stabilization period of the Ca/Zn mixtures, an effective crosslinking was promoted. Irregular behavior was observed during the last days of treatment for both types of formulations, thereby suggesting an optimum irradiation time for this procedure. J. VINYL. ADDIT. TECHNOL. 12:49,54, 2006. © 2006 Society of Plastics Engineers. [source] Iodide-Selective Electrode Based on Copper PhthalocyanineELECTROANALYSIS, Issue 23 2002Saeed Shahrokhian Abstract Copper phthalocyanine was used as ion carrier for preparing polymeric membrane selective sensor for detection of iodide. The electrode was prepared by incorporating the ionophore into plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane, coated on the surface of graphite electrode. This novel electrode shows high selectivity for iodide with respect to many common inorganic and organic anions. The effects of membrane composition, pH and the influence of lipophilic cationic and anionic additives and also nature of plasticizer on the response characteristics of the electrode were investigated. A calibration plot with near-Nernestian slope for iodide was observed over a wide linear range of five decades of concentration (5×10,6,1×10,1,M). The electrode has a fast response time, and micro-molar detection limit (ca. 1×10,6,M iodide) and could be used over a wide pH range of 3.0,8.0. Application of the electrode to the potentiometric titration of iodide ion with silver nitrate is reported. This sensor is used for determination of the minute amounts of iodide in lake water samples. [source] Effects of epoxidized sunflower oil on the mechanical and dynamical analysis of the plasticized poly(vinyl chloride)JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2008Badra Bouchareb Abstract Epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO), is one of the most commonly used epoxides because of its typical combined roles as a plasticizer and heat stabilizer. In this study, a novel plasticizer of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) resins, epoxidized sunflower oil (ESO), was synthesized, and its performance was evaluated. ESO was designed to act as a coplasticizer and a heat stabilizer like ESBO. ESO is used as organic coplasticizer for plasticized PVC containing Ca and Zn stearates as primary stabilizers and stearic acid as lubricant. Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a conventional plasticizer for PVC, was partially replaced by ESO. Mechanical properties (tensile and shore D hardness) were investigated. The performance of ESO to ESB0 (20 g) for comparison, indicated that ESO could be used as secondary plasticizer for PVC in combination with DEHP. All mechanical and dynamical properties of plasticized PVC sheets varied with the oxirane oxygen of the ESO. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 [source] Metal-exchanged clay and zeolite additives as smoke suppressants and fire retardants for poly(vinyl chloride)JOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY, Issue 2 2009Alexander G. Zestos Cone calorimetry studies showed that various metal-exchanged clays and zeolites containing only 3,4% of Cu(II), Cu(I), Zn(II), or Al(III) were effective smoke suppressants and fire retardants for plasticized poly(vinyl chloride). Copper(II)-Zn(II) and Cu(II)-Al(III) synergism for smoke and heat reduction was observed with binary blends of the clays, and the effectiveness of the additives was usually improved considerably by heating plasticizer-additive mixtures under very high shear before combining them with the polymer. Possible mechanisms of action of the additives are described. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers [source] Considerations affecting landfill biodegradability of PVCJOURNAL OF VINYL & ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY, Issue 3 2007Richard F. Grossman The combination of tin carboxylate heat stabilizer and a dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide-titanate adduct enables anaerobic landfill decomposition of plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC). Through a mechanism as yet not understood, the above combination directs decomposition under anaerobic conditions to chain scission, thus lowering molecular weight to the point of vulnerability to microorganisms. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 13:133,135, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers [source] Metallocene based polyolefin: a potential candidate for the replacement of flexible poly (vinyl chloride) in the medical fieldPOLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES, Issue 9 2010M. C. Sunny Abstract A comparative assessment of the performance properties of metallocene polyolefin (m-PO) with those of plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (pPVC) and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer having 18% vinyl acetate content (EVA-18), the two common polymers used for flexible medical products, is carried out. The preliminary evaluation of the processability, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of the new material, m-PO is described. The processability parameters like mixing torque and melt viscosity of m-PO are found to be comparable with those of pPVC and EVA-18. Mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength (TS) of m-PO are much higher than that of pPVC and EVA-18. Thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicates that the thermal degradation of m-PO takes place only at temperatures above 340°C and can be processed at 170°C without much damage. Oxygen and carbon dioxide permeabilities of m-PO at three different temperatures (10, 25, and 40°C) are evaluated and compared with those of pPVC and EVA-18. It could be seen that the permeabilities of both the gases for m-PO at three temperatures were lower than those of pPVC and EVA. Biological evaluation of m-PO is carried out by assessing its cytotoxicity, hemolytic property, and blood clotting initiation. The cytotoxicity studies indicate that m-PO is non-toxic to the monolayer of L929 mammalian fibroblast cell lines on direct contact or the exposure of its extract. Non-hemolytic property of m-PO by direct contact as well as test on extract is revealed both in static and in dynamic conditions. Blood clotting time experiments indicate that the initiation of blood clotting due to m-PO is faster than that of pPVC and EVA-18. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] | ||||||||||