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Asian Species (asian + species)
Selected AbstractsSubterranean species of the ant genus Crematogaster in Asia (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE, Issue 3 2010Shingo HOSOISHI Abstract Three Crematogaster ant species, C. (Orthocrema) javanica Menozzi, C. (O.) myops Forel and C. (O.) masukoi sp. nov., share reduced compound eyes which characterizes them among Asian species of the subgenus Orthocrema. The new species is described based on material from Borneo. It can be distinguished from C. javanica and C. myops by its smooth surface of clypeus and acutely produced subpetiolar process. Reduced compound eyes and yellowish body suggest that these three species are subterranean. [source] The survival rate of Lanyu Scops Owls Otus elegans botelensisIBIS, Issue 3 2001LUCIA LIU SEVERINGHAUS Few species of owls have been well studied in the wild and estimates of survival rates are available only for a few species in the temperate region. This paper reports the adult annual and monthly survival estimates of the Lanyu Scops Owl Otus elegans botelensis, a subtropical Asian species, based on a 13-year study of a colour-marked population. The estimated seasonal survival pattern was relatively stable, with an indication of lower survival during May-June, the time of egg-laying and chick-rearing. Female survival in this species was consistently higher than male survival by an estimated 7%, which may have resulted from differential costs in reproduction. Annual survival rates during 1986-96 showed no significant differences between years. Based on a model with constant survival and annual variation in recapture rate, average annual survival for all birds was estimated as 75%, which is higher than expected given the small body weight of the Lanyu Scops Owl. This survival and the stable monthly survival pattern are discussed in light of the mild subtropical conditions of Lanyu Island. [source] Phylogeographic analysis of Pimoidae (Arachnida: Araneae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and nuclear 28S rRNA gene regionsJOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH, Issue 2 2008Q. Wang Abstract Using mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and nuclear DNA 28S rRNA data, we explored the phylogenetic relationships of the family Pimoidae (Arachnida: Araneae) and tested the North America to Asia dispersal hypothesis. Sequence data were analysed using maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference. A phylogenetic analysis suggested that vicariance, instead of dispersal, better explained the present distribution pattern of Pimoidae. Times of divergence events were estimated using penalized likelihood method. The dating analysis suggested that the emergence time of Pimoidae was approximately 140 million years ago (Ma). The divergence time of the North American and Asian species of Pimoa was approximately 110 Ma. Our phylogenetic hypothesis supports the current morphology-based taxonomy and suggests that the cave dwelling might have played an important role in the speciation of pimoids in arid areas. Kurzfassung Die verwandtschaftlichen Verhältnisse der Spinnenfamilie Pimoidae (Arachnida: Araneae) wurden mit Hilfe von mtDNA COI und nuDNA 28S rRNA-Daten untersucht und die Ausbreitungshypothese von Nordamerika nach Asien getestet. Sequenzen wurden mit Maximum Parsimonie und Bayesian Inferenz analysiert. Die Analyse zeigte, dass das rezente Verbreitungsmuster der Pimoidae durch Vikarianz besser erklärt wird als durch Ausbreitung. Zeiten für Aufspaltungsereignisse wurden geschätzt mit Hilfe der Bayesischen Molekularen Analyse. Diese legt eine Abspaltung der Pimoidae vor etwa 140 Millionen Jahren nahe. Die Aufspaltung zwischen Nordamerika und Asien hat demzufolge vor 110 Millionen Jahren stattgefunden. Unsere phylogenetische Analyse unterstützt die aktuelle auf Morphologie basierende Taxonomie und zeigt, dass das Höhlenleben eine größere Rolle bei der Speziation in trockenen als in feuchten Gebieten spielte. [source] Evolutionary assessment of Artemia tibetiana (Crustacea, Anostraca) based on morphometry and 16S rRNA RFLP analysisJOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH, Issue 3 2005A. D. Baxevanis Abstract Over the last few years, molecular-based assays in the genus Artemia have considerably enriched prior systematic assessments based on morphometry. For the first time, morphometric and 16S rRNA PCR-RFLP analyses on all type-locality bisexual species of the genus have been employed here. Emphasis was put on the Asian species (Artemia urmiana, A. tibetiana, A. sinica) where patterns of divergence and reproductive isolation are rather discrete, and especially on A. tibetiana for which recent reports have questioned its specific status. Discriminant analysis of morphometric characters has shown significant differentiation among species. Classification scores were 99.4 and 100% for males and females, respectively. Mitochondrial DNA RFLP patterns have given indications for lower, albeit similar patterns of differentiation compared with those obtained by morphometry. Artemia tibetiana and A. urmiana are mitochondrially indistinguishable which is suggestive of recent ancestry. Our data, in conjunction with past evidence, are supportive of a significant amount of divergence between A. tibetiana and A. sinica. Morphometric and molecular assays can be reciprocally informative provided theory and patterns of speciation are incorporated into systematic assessments. Résumé Ces dernières années, les outils moléculaires utilisés dans l'étude du genre Artemia ont considèrablement enrichi les analyses systématiques antérieures basées sur la morphométrie. Pour la première fois, des analyses morphométriques et des analyses PCR-RFLP de l'ARN ribosomique 16S ont été effectuées pour toutes les espèces amphigoniques d'Artemia venant des localités types. Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes concentrés sur les espèces asiatiques (A. urmiana, A. tibetiana, A. sinica), qui présentent des traits de divergence et un isolement reproductif assez singuliers, et tout particulièrement sur l'A. tibetiana dont le statut d'espèce à part entière a été mis en doute dans de récentes études. Une analyse discriminante des caractéristiques morphométriques a révélé une différenciation importante parmi les espèces. Pour les mâles et les femelles, les scores de classification étaient respectivement de 99,4% et 100%. Les profils RFLP de l'ADN mitochondrial ont montré une différenciation similaire à celle observée grâce à l'analyse morphométrique. L'ADN mitochondrial de l'A. tibetiana est indifférenciable de celui de l'A. urmiana, ce qui suggère que ces deux espèces ont récemment divergé. Nos données, combinées à celles recueillies par le passé, indiquent une grande divergence entre l'A. tibetiana et l'A. sinica. Les analyses morphométriques et moléculaires peuvent se compléter à condition de tenir compte de la théorie de la spéciation et des modèles de spéciation durant les analyses systématiques. [source] Cross-species amplification of microsatellite loci in Aquilegia and Semiaquilegia (Ranunculaceae)MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES, Issue 2 2005JI Y. YANG Abstract We developed 16 microsatellite loci from an F2 hybrid between Aquilegia formosa and Aquilegia pubescens. In samples of 28 individuals, we found an average of 14 alleles per locus from each parental species. We tested these loci for cross-amplification in 10 additional species of Aquilegia and found that all 16 loci amplified in other North American species and 12 consistently amplified in European or Asian species. Nine loci amplified in the sister species to Aquilegia, Semiaquilegia adoxoides. The success of cross-species amplification suggests that these microsatellites should prove useful for studies in a broad range of Aquilegia species. [source] The Thrips orientalis group from South-east Asia and Australia: some species identities and relationships (Thysanoptera, Thripidae)AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY, Issue 4 2005Laurence A Mound Abstract, A thrips associated in Thailand with the flowers of Paederia foetida, a rubiaceous weed in Florida that is a threat to Australia, is here recognised as Thrips morindae Priesner, a species previously considered a synonym of T. javanicus Priesner. Systematic relationships of these species with others in South-east Asia and the Australasian region are discussed. Two new species-groups are designated: the T. obscuratus group of six species from New Zealand and New Caledonia, and the T. orientalis group of 12 South-east Asian species that are associated with scented white flowers such as Gardenia. Four species of this second group are recorded from tropical Australia. [source] Multivariate analysis of leaf shape patterns in Asian species of the Uvaria group (Annonaceae)BOTANICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY, Issue 3 2003CONOR MEADE Multivariate analysis of leaf radian measurements was used to investigate variation in leaf shape among 34 Asian species of the Uvaria group, a large palaeotropical group of climbing Annonaceae characterized by imbricate petals and stellate hairs. Raw data were normalized by conversion into 15 ratio characters and using the log10 transformation. All species surveyed showed a unique leaf-shape ,bauplan'. The ratio character with the greatest discriminating power in both the Principal Components Analysis and Discriminant Analysis (DA) results was a measure of the shape of the leaf base. Ratio characters with the highest factor loadings for principal components 1 and 2 clearly separated the sampled taxa when plotted against one another and provided support for the retention of several taxa as distinct species or varieties. Classification of cases into taxa using DA yielded a correct classification rate of only 52% for the ratio-transformed data; however, division of taxa in the dataset into smaller subgroups defined by discrete morphological characters significantly increased the accuracy of case identification to between 67 and 100% of cases correctly classified, depending on the group. Case identification using DA on log10 -transformed data was higher than for the ratio values in the entire dataset (61.7%) and the larger subgroups. However, the rate of correct case assignment was lower in the smaller groups than for the ratio data. © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2003, 143, 231,242. [source] The phylogeny of the Pantropical genus Arrhipis Bonvouloir (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae)CLADISTICS, Issue 1 2010Lena Brüstle The phylogeny of the genus Arrhipis Bonvouloir (Coleoptera, Eucnemidae) is clarified with a cladistic analysis based on five molecular markers and morphology. Sixteen species from Africa, America, Asia, and Australia are included in the analysis. Two separate Asian clades are recovered, one of them being the sister group to a clade with the American and African species. With the exception of the continental south-east Asian species, all Gondwanan regions have monophyletic faunas. According to the present data, the continental south-east Asian fauna comprises two monophyletic groups, one of which is the sister group to African and American species. Vicariance seems to be the logical explanation for the distribution of these lignicolous beetles. © The Willi Hennig Society 2009. [source] | ||||||||||