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Petroleum Ether Extract (petroleum + ether_extract)
Selected AbstractsEVALUATION OF EXTRACTS FROM BAMBOO FOR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AGAINST CULEX PIPIENS PALLENSINSECT SCIENCE, Issue 4 2004Hai-qun Cao Abstract The extracts from 7 species of bamboo were tested for larvicidal activity against Culex pipiens pallens. At the tested concentration, the extracts of selected bamboo had different degree of toxic effects on the fourth instar larvae of Culex pipiens pallens. Among them, the extracts of Pleioblastus juxianensis, Brachystachyum albostriatum, Phyllostachys platyglossa and Pleioblastus amarus were found to be effective with LC50values at 24 h of 30.65 mg/L, 53.94 mg/L, 41.21 mg/L and 54.49 mg/L respectively, against Culex pipiens pallens larvae. The extract of Pleioblastus juxianensis by Soxhlet method showed stronger activity than the extract obtained by interval-shaking, the LC50 of which were 30.65 mg/L and 48.34 mg/L, respectively. The diethyl ether extract of Pleioblastus juxianensis exhibited better larvicidal activity than the methanol extract and the petroleum ether extract. The results would help to provide the basis for the study of environment acceptable pesticide for mosquito control, and also help to comprehensively utilize the source of bamboo. [source] Insecticidal activity of deoxypodophyllotoxin, isolated from Juniperus sabina L, and related lignans against larvae of Pieris rapae LPEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE (FORMERLY: PESTICIDE SCIENCE), Issue 11 2004Rong Gao Abstract In the course of screening for naturally occurring insecticides from plants from the northwestern part of China, a petroleum ether extract of Juniperus sabina L was found to show insecticidal activity against fifth-instar larvae of Pieris rapae L. From the extract, an insecticidal compound was isolated by bioassay-guided fractionation. The compound was identified as deoxypodophyllotoxin (1) by comparison of its spectroscopic characteristics with literature data. In bioassays, 1 showed antifeedant activity against fifth-instar larvae of P rapae at 0.05,1.00 g litre,1 and its AFC50 (concentration for 50% antifeedant activity) values at 12 and 48 h were 0.170 and 0.060 g litre,1, respectively. In that concentration range, all treated insects died within 48 h after treatment and compound 1 showed delayed insecticidal activity. At 0.015,0.100 g litre,1, 1 showed insecticidal activity, with an LC50 of 0.020 g litre,1. The related compound deoxypicropodophyllotoxin (2), however, showed lower antifeedant and insecticidal activities than 1 in bioassay. This indicated that the trans -lactone ring is an important moiety for enhancing activity in these compounds. Comparison of the insecticidal activities of 1 and another related compound, podophyllotoxin (3), suggested that varying the substituent at C-4 is an exciting possibility for synthesizing more potent analogues. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory potential of a carbazole alkaloid, mahanimbine, from Murraya koenigiiPHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 4 2010N. Satheesh Kumar Abstract In the search for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors from Indian medicinal plants, via bioassay-guided isolation, a carbazole alkaloid, mahanimbine [3, 5-dimethyl-3-(4- methylpent-3-enyl)-11H-pyrano [5, 6-a] carbazole], was isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the leaves of Murraya koenigii. Inhibition of AChE was evaluated based on Ellman's method using 96-well microplate readers. Mahanimbine inhibited AChE activity in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 0.03 ± 0.09,mg/mL, while galantamine was used as a standard. The AChE inhibitory activity of this carbazole alkaloid has not been reported so far, and this study is the first to reveal this activity in carbazole alkaloid mahanimbine, isolated from Murraya koenigii. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Anxiolytic and antiemetic activity of Zingiber officinalePHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH, Issue 7 2002S. L. Vishwakarma Abstract The benzene fraction (BF) of a petroleum ether extract of dried rhizomes of ginger, which contained anticonvulsant principle(s), was screened for anxiolytic and antiemetic activity. Motor coordination was not affected by BF per se, but diazepam-induced motor incoordination was potentiated. Animals treated with BF showed decreased occupancy in the closed arm of the elevated plus maze suggesting the presence of anxiolytic principles in the BF. BF also blocked lithium sulphate-induced conditioned place aversion indicating antiemetic activity. These findings suggest that the fraction (BF) possesses anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and antiemetic activity. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Hymenocallis littoralisSalisb.CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY, Issue 2 2008Amina Abstract A phytochemical investigation of the bulbs and flowers of Hymenocallis littoralisSalisb., cultivated in Egypt, was carried out, which resulted in the isolation of four alkaloids, lycorine (1), hippeastrine (2), 11-hydroxyvittatine (3), and (+)-8- O -demethylmaritidine (4), and of two flavonoids, quercetin 3,- O -glucoside (5), and rutin (6). The volatile constituents of the plant flowers were analyzed for the first time by GC/MS, which led to the identification of 26 known compounds (Table,1). Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the petroleum ether extract of the flowers of H. littoralis was investigated. [source] | ||||||||||