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PET Images (pet + image)
Selected AbstractsSubstantial Thalamostriatal Dopaminergic Defect in Unverricht-Lundborg DiseaseEPILEPSIA, Issue 9 2007Miikka Korja Summary:,Purpose: Unverricht-Lundborg disease (ULD) is currently classified as progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Myoclonus, the characteristic symptom in ULD, suggests that dopamine neurotransmission may be involved in the pathophysiology of ULD. Our purpose was to examine brain dopaminergic function in ULD patients. Methods: Four genetically and clinically diagnosed ULD patients and eight healthy controls were scanned with [11C]raclopride-PET. PET images were coregistered to individual 1.5T MR images and region-of-interest analysis was performed for the striatum and thalamus. Standardized uptake values and individual voxel-wise binding potential maps of the patients and controls were also analyzed. Results: ULD patients had markedly higher (31,54%) dopamine D2-like receptor availabilities than healthy controls in both the striatum and the thalamus. The proportionally highest binding potentials were detected in the thalamus. There were no significant differences in the cerebellar uptake of [11C]raclopride in ULD patients versus healthy controls. Voxel-based results were in accordance with the region-of-interest analysis. Conclusions: These results suggest that dopaminergic modulation at the level of the striatum and thalamus could be a crucial factor contributing to the symptoms of ULD. In the light of our data, we propose that ULD with dopamine dysfunction and dyskinetic symptoms shares certain pathophysiological mechanisms with classical movement disorders. Future studies are therefore warranted to study the effect of dopaminergic pharmacotherapy in ULD. [source] FDG-PET Images Quantified by Probabilistic Atlas of Brain and Surgical Prognosis of Temporal Lobe EpilepsyEPILEPSIA, Issue 9 2002Sang Kun Lee Summary: ,Purpose: This study evaluated the relation between hypometabolism, diagnosed by fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and the surgical outcome of a large and homogeneous series of cases of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), by using a probabilistic atlas of the human brain (statistical probabilistic anatomical maps: SPAM). Methods: Ninety-five surgically proven intractable mTLE patients and 22 age-matched controls were spatially normalized to the average brain PET template of international consortium of brain mapping (ICBM). The diagnosis of mTLE was confirmed by the presence of hippocampal sclerosis on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and video-EEG monitoring. Counts from normalized PET images were multiplied by the probability from 98 volumes of interest (VOIs) of SPAM. Asymmetric indexes (AIs) reflecting the severity of hypometabolism were calculated by counts of selected 12 VOIs from SPAM images in both temporal lobes. Extent of hypometabolism was determined by the number of voxels showing decreased metabolism in each VOI segmented by SPAM. Results: Of the 95 patients studied, 76 (80%) were seizure free, and 19 (20%) had postoperative seizures for the ,2-year follow-up period. No significant association between the severity of hypometabolism in each VOI of the temporal lobe and surgical outcome was identified (p > 0.05). The number of voxels showing decreased hypometabolism was not significantly different between the good- and poor-outcome groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that focal severity and extent of hypometabolism quantified by a probabilistic atlas of brain were not related to the surgical outcome in mTLE patients who had hippocampal sclerosis on MRI. We should develop a more localized and specified anatomic map for mTLE for further results. [source] Selective Arterial Distribution of Cerebral Hyperperfusion in Fabry DiseaseJOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING, Issue 3 2001David F. Moore MD ABSTRACT Fabry disease is an X-linked recessive deficiency of lysosomal ,-galactosidase A associated with an increased risk of early onset cerebrovascular disease. The disorder is reported to affect the posterior circulation predominantly. This hypothesis was investigated directly by the measurement of regional cerebral blood flow with positron emission tomography (PET). Resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in 26 hemizygous patients with Fabry disease and 10 control participants was examined using H215O and PET. Statistical parametric mapping (SPM{t}, SPM99) and PET images of patients and controls were produced. Significantly increased SPM{t} clusters were then color coded and blended with a coregistered T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) template. Cerebral arterial territory maps were digitized and rescaled. Custom OpenGL and ImageVision Library C++ code was written to allow a first-order affine transformation of the blended SPM{t} and MRI template onto the arterial territory map. The affine transformation was constrained by choosing corresponding cerebral landmark "tie points" between the SPM{t}, MRI template images and the cerebral arterial territory maps. The data demonstrated that the posterior circulation is the predominant arterial territory with a significantly increased rCBF in Fabry disease. No arterial distribution had a decreased rCBF. [source] 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose,positron emission tomography scanning is more useful in followup than in the initial assessment of patients with Erdheim-Chester diseaseARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM, Issue 10 2009Laurent Arnaud Objective Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare form of non,Langerhans' cell histiocytosis. The aim of this study was to assess the value of whole-body scanning with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose,positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in a large cohort of ECD patients from a single center. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all PET scans performed on 31 patients with ECD who were referred to our department between 2005 and 2008. PET images were reviewed by 2 independent nuclear medicine specialist physicians and were compared with other imaging modalities performed within 15 days of each PET scan. Results Thirty-one patients (10 women and 21 men; median age 59.5 years) underwent a total of 65 PET scans. Twenty-three patients (74%) were untreated at the time of the initial PET scan, whereas 30 of the 34 followup PET scans (88%) were performed in patients who were undergoing immunomodulatory therapy. Comparison of the initial and followup PET scans with other imaging modalities revealed that the sensitivity of PET scanning varied greatly among the different organs studied (range 4.3,100%), while the specificity remained high (range 69.2,100%). Followup PET scans were particularly helpful in assessing central nervous system (CNS) involvement, since the PET scan was able to detect an early therapeutic response of CNS lesions, even before magnetic resonance imaging showed a decrease in their size. PET scanning was also very helpful in evaluating the cardiovascular system, which is a major prognostic factor in ECD, by assessing the heart and the entire vascular tree during a single session. Conclusion The results of our large, single-center, retrospective study suggest that the findings of a FDG-PET scan may be interesting in the initial assessment of patients with ECD, but its greater contribution is in followup of these patients. [source] | ||||||||||