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Personality Disorder Diagnoses (personality + disorder_diagnosis)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	71%
Psychology	28%

Selected Abstracts

The Validity of a Personality Disorder Diagnosis for People with an Intellectual Disability

JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES, Issue 3 2008
Jessica Moreland
Background, It has long been appreciated that people with intellectual disabilities experience mental health problems. Studies into the prevalence of personality disorder in the population of people with an intellectual disability indicate significant variations, which have no clear explanation. Method, Work on personality disorder and personality is reviewed. Results, This article will outline some of the reasons for the variations in the reported prevalence figures including the impact of diagnostic overshadowing, problems inherent within the diagnostic classification systems and instruments that have a significant impact upon the reliability of a diagnosis. It will also argue that there are some fundamental issues relating to the validity of the construct of personality disorder and its application to the population of people with intellectual disabilities. The article notes that the model of personality, which in itself is not without critics, is derived from research on the general population and has not been integrated with personality research conducted within the population of people with an intellectual disability. Conclusion, It is suggested that the current diagnostic systems need to be reviewed in the context of an existing evidence base from within the field of intellectual disabilities. There are grounds to be cautious with the current diagnostic process and to question its clinical utility. Furthermore, diagnosis may only serve as an intermediate step and as part of a more detailed nomothetic approach. [source]

Personality disorders improve in patients treated for major depression

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 3 2010
R. T. Mulder
Mulder RT, Joyce PR, Frampton CMA. Personality disorders improve in patients treated for major depression. Objective:, To examine the stability of personality disorders and their change in response to the treatment of major depression. Method:, 149 depressed out-patients taking part in a treatment study were systematically assessed for personality disorders at baseline and after 18 months of treatment using the SCID-II. Results:, Personality disorder diagnoses and symptoms demonstrated low-to-moderate stability (overall , = 0.41). In general, personality disorder diagnoses and symptoms significantly reduced over the 18 months of treatment. There was a trend for the patients who had a better response to treatment to lose more personality disorder symptoms, but even those who never recovered from their depression over the 18 months of treatment lost, on average, nearly three personality disorder symptoms. Conclusion:, Personality disorders are neither particularly stable nor treatment resistant. In depressed out-patients, personality disorder symptoms in general improve significantly even in patients whose response to their treatment for depressive symptoms is modest or poor. [source]

Reliability of personality disorder diagnosis during depression: the contribution of collateral informant reports

ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 6 2007
B. G. Case
Objective:, Research has found low concordance of personality disorder diagnoses made during depression versus after remission and made using patient versus collateral informants, but little is known about the reliability of personality disorder (PD) diagnoses made during depression using patient and collateral reports. Method:, A total of 168 patients were evaluated for PDs during depression and following response using patient and close informant reports. , coefficients of inter-informant and test,retest reliability were calculated. Results:, After depression response, the proportion diagnosed with cluster A and C PDs fell by both patient and close informant report, and overall inter-informant reliability declined. Overall test,retest reliability did not differ between patients and informants. Conclusion:, Collateral informants do not improve the reliability of PD diagnoses made during depressive episodes. [source]

Personality disorder scale predictors of depression stability over time as a partial function of mental health history

PERSONALITY AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 4 2009
Alan R. King
The high comorbidity of personality disturbance and psychiatric symptomatology has been well established. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV (DSM-IV) personality disorder symptom clusters often represent aberrant, intense and labile emotional reactions to stressors. The role of personality disorder traits on the variability of depression symptoms as expressed over time, however, has gained relatively little research attention. The presence and number of personality disorder diagnoses have been associated with earlier depression onset and less favourable treatment outcomes suggesting that this form of mood disturbance may be more durable over time when associated with Axis II features. The present study examined Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) temporal stability as a function of Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-II) personality disorder base rate scores among 406 college students with and without reported histories of significant mental health concerns. Instability of BDI scores across time was shown to be predicted (r = 0.15) by selected personality disorderscale dimensions (antisocial, self-defeating, borderline and total number of MCMI-II personality disorder elevations). BDI reliability did drop significantly among participants reporting a mental health treatment history and multiple personality disorder elevations. Gender differences were not found in the strength of these bivariate correlations. Women generated smaller BDI absolute differences than men. While BDI test,retest reliability was only linked modestly to personality disorder attributes in this college sample, further study may be warranted to evaluate similar relationships within a clinical sample. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

The manualization of a treatment programme for personality disorder

CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR AND MENTAL HEALTH, Issue 1 2005
Mary McMurran
Background The advantages of manualized psychological treatments include: the promotion of evidence-based practice, the enhancement of treatment integrity, the facilitation of staff training, and the potential replicability of treatment. Argument The manualization of a multi-component, multidisciplinary treatment programme for male personality-disordered offenders is described. The background to this development is explained and the treatment setting is described briefly, followed by a description of the eight treatment manuals: (1) the treatment overview, (2) Psychoeducation focusing on personality disorder diagnosis and core beliefs, (3) Trust and Self-awareness group exercises, (4) Stop & Think! - a social problem-solving intervention, (5) Controlling Angry Aggression, (6) Controlling Substance Use, (7) Criminal Thinking/Belief Therapy, and (8) Skills for Living - a social skills manual. Conclusions In addition to the original aims of manualization, this exercise has clarified the treatment programme, included less highly trained staff in the delivery of therapy and permitted the evaluation of treatment modules, thus contributing to the incremental evaluation of the overall programme. These manuals may usefully be shared with other practitioners in the field. Copyright © 2005 Whurr Publishers Ltd. [source]