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Performance Impact (performance + impact)
Selected AbstractsInformation Processing and Firm-Internal Environment Contingencies: Performance Impact on Global New Product DevelopmentCREATIVITY AND INNOVATION MANAGEMENT, Issue 3 2010Elko Kleinschmidt Innovation in its essence is an information processing activity. Thus, a major factor impacting the success of new product development (NPD) programs, especially those responding to global markets, is the firm's ability to access, share and apply NPD information, which is often widely dispersed, functionally, geographically and culturally. To this end, an IT-communication strength is essential, one that is nested in an internal organizational environment that ensures its effective functioning. Using organizational information processing (OIP) theory as a framework, superior global NPD program performance is shown to result from an effective IT/Communication strength and the commitment components of the firm's internal environment, which are hypothesized to moderate this relationship. IT/Communication strength is identified in this study in terms of two components including the IT/Comm Infrastructure and IT/Comm Capability of the firm, whereas the moderating internal environment of the firm incorporates Resource Commitment and Senior Management Involvement. Data from a major empirical study of international NPD programs (382 SBUs) are used to develop and test this model. Based on a hierarchical regression analysis, the results are substantially supportive, with some unexpected findings. These shed light on the complex relationships of the firm's internal environment, OIP competency, and global NPD program performance. [source] Supply Chain Strategy, Product Characteristics, and Performance Impact: Evidence from Chinese Manufacturers,DECISION SCIENCES, Issue 4 2009Yinan Qi ABSTRACT Supply chain management has become one of the most popular approaches to enhance the global competitiveness of business corporations today. Firms must have clear strategic thinking in order to effectively organize such complicated activities, resources, communications, and processes. An emerging body of literature offers a framework that identifies three kinds of supply chain strategies: lean strategy, agile strategy, and lean/agile strategy based on in-depth case studies. Extant research also suggests that supply chain strategies must be matched with product characteristics in order for firms to achieve better performance. This article investigates supply chain strategies and empirically tests the supply chain strategy model that posits lean, agile, and lean/agile approaches using data collected from 604 manufacturing firms in China. Cluster analyses of the data indicate that Chinese firms are adopting a variation of lean, agile, and lean/agile supply chain strategies identified in the western literature. However, the data reveal that some firms have a traditional strategy that does not emphasize either lean or agile principles. These firms perform worse than firms that have a strategy focused on lean, agile, or lean/agile supply chain. The strategies are examined with respect to product characteristics and financial and operational performance. The article makes significant contributions to the supply chain management literature by examining the supply chain strategies used by Chinese firms. In addition, this work empirically tests the applicability of supply chain strategy models that have not been rigorously tested empirically or in the fast-growing Chinese economy. [source] Performance Impact of the Elimination of Direct Labor Variance Reporting: A Field StudyJOURNAL OF ACCOUNTING RESEARCH, Issue 4 2002Rajiv D. Banker Using a field study approach, we examine two competing perspectives on direct labor variance reporting: some argue that direct labor variance reporting is costly and cumbersome, and should be eliminated; whereas others contend that without direct labor variance information, managers will not be able to monitor workers effectively, causing workers to shirk and worker productivity to decline. Specifically, we investigate the productivity and quality impacts of eliminating direct labor variance reporting with panel data containing 36 months of data from seven experimental plants that eliminated direct labor variance reporting and 11 control plants that did not. The experimental plants experienced a significant decline in labor productivity compared to the control plants. Also, the experimental plants showed an improvement in product quality, indicating that workers reallocate their efforts to other tasks as a result of the change in the information set available to evaluate them. [source] Evolution of the reverse link of CDMA-based systems to support high-speed dataBELL LABS TECHNICAL JOURNAL, Issue 3 2002Nandu Gopalakrishnan Development of an upcoming release of the CDMA2000* family of standards is expected to focus on enhancing the reverse link (RL) operation to support high-speed packet data applications. The challenge is to design a system that yields substantial throughput gain while causing only minimal perturbations to the existing standard. We are proposing a system that evolves features already present in the CDMA2000 Release B and IS-856 (1xEV-DO) standards and reuses concepts and capabilities that have been introduced for high-speed packet data support on the forward link (FL) in Release C of the CDMA2000 standard. The RL of Release C of the CDMA2000 standard supports a relatively slow scheduled operation of this link using signaling messages. Scheduling with shorter latencies can be achieved by moving this functionality to the physical layer. Concurrently, both the FL and RL channel conditions may be tracked, and users may be scheduled based on this knowledge. To further manage the power and bandwidth cost on the FL, that is, of scheduling users' transmissions on the RL, the mobile station (MS) is permitted to operate in either a scheduled mode or an autonomous mode. A capability is provided for the MS station to switch the mode of operation. Performance impact of, and gain from, some of the system features is characterized through simulation results. © 2003 Lucent Technologies Inc. [source] The development and resulting performance impact of positive psychological capitalHUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT QUARTERLY, Issue 1 2010Fred Luthans Recently, theory and research have supported psychological capital (PsyCap) as an emerging core construct linked to positive outcomes at the individual and organizational level. However, to date, little attention has been given to PsyCap development through training interventions; nor have there been attempts to determine empirically if such PsyCap development has a causal impact on participants' performance. To fill these gaps we first conducted a pilot test of the PsyCap intervention (PCI) model with a randomized control group design. Next, we conducted a follow-up study with a cross section of practicing managers to determine if following the training guidelines of the PCI caused the participants' performance to improve. Results provide beginning empirical evidence that short training interventions such as PCI not only may be used to develop participants' psychological capital, but can also lead to an improvement in their on-the-job performance. The implications these findings have for human resource development and performance management conclude the article. [source] Marketing mix standardization in multinational corporations: A review of the evidenceINTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT REVIEWS, Issue 4 2007Andreas Birnik This paper reports the findings of a systematic review of literature on marketing mix standardization in multinational corporations. The objective is to extract and synthesize ,best evidence' regarding marketing mix standardization practices in multinational corporations and to identify evidence regarding the performance impact of marketing mix standardization. Beyond relevance to an academic audience, this review could be useful for management practitioners in multinationals seeking to integrate operations across borders. In this context, the paper seeks to make a contribution to evidence based policy and practice. [source] Voluntary Appointment of Independent Directors in Taiwan: Motives and ConsequencesJOURNAL OF BUSINESS FINANCE & ACCOUNTING, Issue 9-10 2008Chaur-Shiuh Young Abstract:, This study explores factors that motivate firms to increase board independence in the absence of legal requirements to do so. In addition, we examine the impact of voluntary enhancement of board independence on firm performance. Using a sample of listed companies in Taiwan, we show that voluntary appointment of independent directors is associated with both economic factors and managerial power. Specifically, we find that board independence increases with the weaknesses of alternative corporate governance mechanisms and the severity of agency problems. However, board independence decreases with managerial ownership and family control. In addition, by employing a simultaneous equations model with selectivity, we provide evidence supporting the positive performance impact of voluntary appointment of independent directors in Taiwan. [source] | ||||||||||