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Patient Race/ethnicity (patient + ethnicity)
Selected AbstractsPatient ethnicity and three psychiatric intensive care units compared: the Tompkins Acute Ward StudyJOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC & MENTAL HEALTH NURSING, Issue 3 2008L. BOWERS rmn phd Psychiatric care units provide care to disturbed patients in a context of higher security and staffing levels. Although such units are numerous, few systematic comparisons have been made, and there are indications that ethnic minority groups may be over-represented. The aim of this study was to compare the rates of adverse incidents and patterns of usage of three psychiatric intensive care units. The study used a triangulation or multi-method design, bringing together data from official statistics, local audit and interviews conducted with staff. Intensive care patients were more likely to be young, male and suffering a psychotic disorder, as compared with general acute ward patients. Caribbean patients were twice as likely, and Asian patients half as likely, to receive intensive care (age, gender and diagnosis controlled). There were large differences in service levels, staffing, team functioning and adverse incidents between the three units. Various aspects of physical security were important in preventing absconds. More evaluative research is required in order to define effective service levels, and to explore the nature of the interaction between ethnicity and inpatient care provision during acute illness. [source] Differences in the process of diabetic care between south Asian and white patients in inner-city practices in Nottingham, UKHEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY, Issue 3 2004Christopher David BM BS MRCGP Abstract The prevalence and complication rate of diabetes is higher amongst British south Asians when compared to the rest of the adult population. There is some evidence to suggest that there are differences in access to healthcare in the UK for different ethnic groups, but there has been little research examining differences in processes of care between ethnic groups and place of delivery of diabetic care. The present study was a retrospective, multi-practice audit exploring differences in the processes of diabetic care provided to white and south Asian patients. Data were obtained from eight practices located in deprived areas in Nottingham, UK. A review of the evidence-based protocols for the monitoring of diabetic care generated a list of process criteria to be measured. All primary care data sources were examined over a 12-month period by a single investigator. The data were analysed with respect to patient ethnicity and place of diabetic care after adjusting for confounders. Eight hundred and thirty-nine diabetic patients were included in the audit and 671 (80.0%) received a formal annual diabetic review. One hundred and five (12.5%) patients were classified as south Asian. They were significantly less likely to have their blood pressure [86% versus 89%, odds ratio (OR) = 0.62, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) = 0.54,0.72] or serum creatinine (67% versus 76%, OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.32,0.52) measured when compared to white patients. Patients receiving shared care from a hospital-based diabetic team were more likely to have a range of items of the annual review recorded. When examined by ethnicity, south Asians receiving shared care were again less likely than white patients to have their blood pressure and serum creatinine measured. There was also some evidence that they may be less likely to have their body mass index recorded and their feet examined. The findings of the present study showed that, although most diabetic patients received a formal annual clinical review, scope for improvement remained. Shared care of patients with a hospital-based team produced better results when processes of care were examined. However, this benefit did not apply equally to south Asian and white patients. Further studies are indicated to confirm these results, which may have wider implications for the planning and provision of diabetic care. [source] Variation in Emergency Department Wait Times for Children by Race/Ethnicity and Payment SourceHEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH, Issue 6 2009Christine Y. Park Objective. To quantify the variation in emergency department (ED) wait times by patient race/ethnicity and payment source, and to divide the overall association into between- and within-hospital components. Data Source. 2005 and 2006 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys. Study Design. Linear regression was used to analyze the independent associations between race/ethnicity, payment source, and ED wait times in a pooled cross-sectional design. A hybrid fixed effects specification was used to measure the between- and within-hospital components. Data Extraction Methods. Data were limited to children under 16 years presenting at EDs. Principal Results. Unadjusted and adjusted ED wait times were significantly longer for non-Hispanic black and Hispanic children than for non-Hispanic white children. Children in EDs with higher shares of non-Hispanic black and Hispanic children waited longer. Moreover, Hispanic children waited 10.4 percent longer than non-Hispanic white children when treated at the same hospital. ED wait times for children did not vary significantly by payment source. Conclusions. There are sizable racial/ethnic differences in children's ED wait times that can be attributed to both the racial/ethnic mix of children in EDs and to differential treatment by race/ethnicity inside the ED. [source] Race, Segregation, and Physicians' Participation in MedicaidTHE MILBANK QUARTERLY, Issue 2 2006JESSICA GREENE Many studies have explored the extent to which physicians' characteristics and Medicaid program factors influence physicians' decisions to accept Medicaid patients. In this article, we turn to patient race/ethnicity and residential segregation as potential influences. Using the 2000/2001 Community Tracking Study and other sources we show that physicians are significantly less likely to participate in Medicaid in areas where the poor are nonwhite and in areas that are racially segregated. Surprisingly,and contrary to the prevailing Medicaid participation theory,we find no link between poverty segregation and Medicaid participation when controlling for these racial factors. Accordingly, this study contributes to an accumulating body of circumstantial evidence that patient race influences physicians' choices, which in turn may contribute to racial disparities in access to health care. [source] | ||||||||||