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Artificial Extracellular Matrix (artificial + extracellular_matrix)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Polymers and Materials Science	100%

Selected Abstracts

Polysaccharide-based artificial extracellular matrix: Preparation and characterization of three-dimensional, macroporous chitosan, and heparin composite scaffold

JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE, Issue 6 2008
Shu-Huei Yu
Abstract Scaffold-guided tissue engineering based on synthetic and natural occurring polymers has gained many interests in recent year. In this study, the development of a chitosan-heparin artificial extracellular matrix (AECM) is reported. Three-dimensional, macroporous composite AECMs composed of heparin (Hep) and chitosan (Chito) were prepared by an interpolyelectrolyte complex/lyophilization method. The Chito-Hep composite AECMs were, respectively, crosslinked with glutaraldehyde, as well as cocrosslinked with N,N -(3-dimethylaminopropyl)- N,-ethyl carbodiimide (EDC/NHS) and N -hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The crosslinking reactions were examined by FT-IR analysis. In physiological buffer solution (PBS), the EDC/NHS-crosslinked Chito-Hep composite AECM showed a relative lower water retention ratio than its glutaraldehyde-crosslinked counterparts. The EDC/NHS-crosslinked Chito-Hep composite AECMs showed excellent biocompatibility, according to the results of the in vitro cytotoxic test. This result suggested that the EDC/NHS-crosslinked Chito-Hep composite AECMs might be a potential biomaterial for scaffold-guided tissue engineering applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 [source]

Electrospun, Biofunctionalized Fibers as Tailored in vitro Substrates for Keratinocyte Cell Culture

MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, Issue 9 2010
Dirk Grafahrend
Abstract Cell adhesion preventing fiber surfaces were tailored differently with bioactive peptides (a fibronectin fragment (GRGDS), a collagen IV fragment (GEFYFDLRLKGDK) and a combination of both) to provide an artificial extracellular matrix as a substrate for HaCaT keratinocyte cell culture. Therefore, a polymer blend containing a six-arm star-shaped statistical copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in the ratio 80:20 (NCO- sP[EO- co -PO]) and poly-[D,L -(lactide- co -glycolide)] (PLGA) was electrospun. The resulting fibers were biofunctionalized and investigated as in vitro substrates using the HaCaT kerationcyte cell line. Appropriate surface chemistry on these electrospun fibers proved to prevent adhesion of keratinocytes, while additional immobilization of certain peptide sequences induced cell adhesion. These specific fibers enable investigation of immobilized active molecules and the subsequent cellular response to the scaffold. HaCaT keratinocytes were found to selectively adhere to those fibers modified with either collagen IV segment GEFYFDLRLKGDK or a mixture of the two peptide sequences GEFYFDLRLKGDK and GRGDS (1:1). However, the synergistic effects of both (the fibronectin fragment and the collagen IV fragment) seem to significantly increase the numbers of adherent keratinocytes. [source]

Development of a Model Bladder Extracellular Matrix Combining Disulfide Cross-Linked Hyaluronan with Decellularized Bladder Tissue

MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE, Issue 8 2006
Allison L. Brown
Abstract Summary: In this work we investigate the feasibility of modifying porcine-derived BAM to include HA with a view to developing a model, artificial extracellular matrix for the study of bladder cell-matrix interactions. HA-DPTH was incorporated into BAM disks and then cross-linked oxidatively to a disulfide containing hydrogel. Disks were seeded with bladder smooth muscle cells (BSMC) and UEC under three culture configurations and incubated for 3, 7, and 14 d. At each time point, matrix contraction was measured, and media supernatants assayed for cell-secreted gelatinase activity. To evaluate cell adherence and organization, triple immunofluorescent labeling of cell nuclei, actin cytoskeleton, and focal contacts was performed. HA-modified BAM exhibited a significant increase in matrix contraction and induced a higher level of cell-secreted gelatinase activity compared to unmodified BAM. Immunofluorescent labeling demonstrated that BSMCs remained adherent to both scaffold types over time. The distribution and organization of the cytoskeleton and focal contacts did not appear to be altered by the presence of HA. Interestingly, cellular infiltration into modified BAM was evident by 7 d and continued beyond 14 d, while BSMCs seeded onto unmodified BAM remained localized to the surface out to 14 d, with minimal infiltration evident only at day 28. These differences in cell infiltration support the gelatinase activity results. Increases in cell migration and matrix proteolysis in the presence of HA may be contributing factors toward BAM remodeling leading to increased matrix contraction with time. The model ECM developed in this work will be utilized for future studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms controlling key remodeling events associated with bladder repair. Matrix contraction of cell-seeded BAM scaffolds. [source]