Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Particular Family (particular + family)
Selected AbstractsMass Producing Food Traditions for West Africans AbroadAMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, Issue 4 2007ELISHA P. RENNE In this article, I examine West African foods sold mainly in specialty grocery stores, focusing on how technologies used in food production in West Africa are referenced in the brand names and packaging of processed African foods sold in the United States. Through their association with "timeless" West African food-processing techniques, such foods evoke memories of childhood and home. Yet the transformation of West African foods through new technologies of processing, packaging, and branding reflects different time and health concerns of West African immigrants living in the United States. Through their purchase of time-saving, mass-produced, and hygienically packaged foodstuffs, which are ideologically similar to but technologically very different from the production processes and cooking in Africa, West Africans in the United States use food to maintain social relations with their particular families, hometown associations, and religious groups, while also constituting national, regional, and global connections through the reinvention of food traditions. [source] Review of the etiologic heterogeneity of the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (Hemifacial Microsomia)*ORTHODONTICS & CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH, Issue 3 2007JK Hartsfield Structured Abstract Author,,, James K. Hartsfield Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital asymmetry of the lower face that may be associated with other cranial and extracranial anomalies. The variability of its severity, and wide range of anomalies that have been reported with it in some cases has resulted in these composite manifestations being given a number of names, including oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS). Etiology is often stated to be a perturbation of embryonic blood flow in the developing region, although other factors may also play a role in some cases. Depending on what is considered to be minimum criteria for affected classification, what is often to be presumed to be a sporadic event in a family may be the more severe manifestation of a familial condition. Etiological factors are clearly heterogeneous, the investigation of which is confounded by not only the lack of a refined affected phenotype, but also the apparent influence of genetic factors in some instances that directly influence phenotype perhaps through alteration of mesodermal development, or indirectly through increased susceptibility to vascular disruption. Future studies likely to advance knowledge in this area will need to incorporate an analysis of who may be minimally affected in families, so that advances in genotyping will have greater power to distinguish genetic factors that may influence OVAS through interaction with environmental factors in particular families. The same genetic-environmental factors and or etiological mechanisms may then be investigated in apparently sporadic cases. [source] Metalloporphyrin solubility: A trigger for catalyzing reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethyleneENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY, Issue 2 2004Ishai Dror Abstract Metalloporphyrins are well known for their electron-transfer roles in many natural redox systems. In addition, several metalloporphyrins and related tetrapyrrole macrocycles complexed with various core metals have been shown to catalyze the reductive dechlorination of certain organic compounds, thus demonstrating the potential for using naturally occurring metalloporphyrins to attenuate toxic and persistent chlorinated organic pollutants in the environment. However, despite the great interest in reductive dechlorination reactions and the wide variety of natural and synthetic porphyrins currently available, only soluble porphyrins, which comprise a small fraction of this particular family of organic macrocycles, have been used as electron-transfer shuttles in these reactions. Results from the present study clearly demonstrate that metalloporphyrin solubility is a key factor in their ability to catalyze the reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethylene and its daughter compounds. Additionally, we show that certain insoluble and nonreactive metalloporphyrins can be activated as catalysts merely by changing solution conditions to bring about their dissolution. Furthermore, once a metalloporphyrin is fully dissolved and activated, tetrachloroethylene transformation proceeds rapidly, giving nonchlorinated and less toxic alkenes as the major reaction products. Results from the present study suggest that if the right environmental conditions exist or can be created, specific metalloporphyrins may provide a solution for cleaning up sites that are contaminated with chlorinated organic pollutants. [source] Public,Private Partnerships: An International Performance ReviewPUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REVIEW, Issue 3 2007Graeme A. Hodge Public,private partnerships are enjoying a global resurgence in popularity, but there is still much confusion around notions of partnership, what can be learned from our history with partnerships, and what is new about the partnership forms that are in vogue today. Looking at one particular family of public,private partnerships, the long-term infrastructure contract, this article argues that evaluations thus far point to contradictory results regarding their effectiveness. Despite their continuing popularity with governments, greater care is needed to strengthen future evaluations and conduct such assessments away from the policy cheerleaders. [source] Determinants of Placental VascularityAMERICAN JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY, Issue 4 2004Donald S. Torry Problem:, Vascular growth during implantation and placentation is critical for successful gestation and it is thought that vascular insufficiencies during placentation contribute to a number of obstetrical complications. However, relatively little is known regarding the regulation of angiogenesis in the placenta. Method of study:, We review literature concerning the potential significance of inadequate placental vascularity as a contributor to the obstetrical complications of spontaneous abortion, fetal growth restriction and preeclampsia. Gene expression assays were used to compare fluctuations of placenta growth factor (PlGF) and PlGF receptor expression in normal and preeclamptic trophoblast in vitro. Results:, Studies have shown that common obstetrical complications manifest altered placental vascularity. Both intrinsic defects (gene knockouts) and extrinsic factors (O2 tension, cytokines, etc) may be responsible for the defects. Some of these factors have been shown to influence trophoblast vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/PlGF expression suggesting this particular family of angiogenic proteins play an important role in placental angiogenesis. Conclusion:, Placental vascularization reflects a complex interaction of regulatory factors. Understanding the regulation of vascular growth in the placenta will provide much needed insight into placenta-related vascular insufficiencies. [source] | ||||||||||