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Particular Account (particular + account)
Selected AbstractsSpatial Scale and the Geography of Tobacco Smoking in New Zealand: A Multilevel PerspectiveNEW ZEALAND GEOGRAPHER, Issue 2 2003GRAHAM MOON ABSTRACT Smoking in New Zealand is more common in deprived areas and in areas with a significant Maori population. Despite its status as a major health problem there has been little work investigating this apparent geography of smoking Data from the 1996 Census is used to construct a multilevel ,proportions-as-responses' model of smoking prevalence. This enables an exploration of the geography of smoking at different spatial scales. Levels within the model distinguish contextual variation between local authorities, census area units and meshblocks. Particular account is taken of the influence of deprivation and ethnicity on smoking. Results confirm the importance of ethnicity and deprivation and indicate that cross-level interaction between meshblock and census area unit measures is significant. They also challenge crude stereotypes about the apparent geography of smoking and suggest that, while levels of smoking may be high in parts of North Island, they are less high than might be expected given the socio-demographic composition of the areas concerned. Conversely, smoking is more prevalent than expected in parts of South Island. The paper notes the health policy implications of these emergent geographies. [source] Loudness dependence of evoked dipole source activity during acute serotonin challenge in femalesHUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 1 2008Christine Norra Abstract Objectives Direct challenge of cortical serotonergic (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) availability by tryptophan depletion test (TDT) was used to assess the hypothesized inverse relationship between central 5-HT function and loudness dependence of auditory evoked potentials (LDAEPs). Gender must be taken into particular account here, since there are gender differences in 5-HT brain synthesis, with women reacting more strongly to TDT. Methods In a double-blind, controlled cross-over study, 16 healthy females were ingested two highly concentrated amino acid mixtures with (+TRP) or without TRP (,TRP). While monitoring TRP levels and mood states, the AEP of different loudness stimuli were recorded, followed by dipole source analysis. Results Under the ,TRP condition, free plasma TRP levels decreased by 81.10% (±5.14). Most of the loudness change rates of the relevant N1/P2 tangential dipole activities were significantly increased under ,TRP, but calculated LDAEP did not differ significantly between treatments. LDAEP and states of mood were not correlated. Conclusions Despite strong TRP depletion, the results did not reach sufficient evidence that LDAEP is a valid biological marker of central 5-HT activity in females when using TDT. This agrees with the literature and supports the view that LDAEP indicates predominantly biological vulnerability in predisposed individuals. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] In Defence of Associative Political Obligations: Part OnePOLITICAL STUDIES, Issue 3 2006John Horton Part One of this article seeks to defend the idea of associative political obligations against a number of criticisms that have been advanced opposing it. The purpose of this defence is not to demonstrate that the associative account is therefore the best explanation of political obligations, but only that the principal reasons which have been given for rejecting it are much less compelling than its critics maintain. The argument focuses in particular on the various criticisms advanced by A. John Simmons. Two general lines of defence figure especially prominently. First, it is shown how many of the criticisms in one way or another ultimately rest on the assumption that political obligations must be voluntarily acquired, when it is just this assumption that is contested by an associative account. Secondly, it rebuts the charge that the idea of associative obligations faces a particular problem because it entails the view that members must have obligations to associations or groups that are evil. While it is not claimed that the idea of associative political obligations is entirely without difficulties, it is contended that stories of its demise are greatly exaggerated, and in this respect the ground is laid for Part Two of the article, which sketches a particular account of associative political obligations. [source] The spatial politics of the past unbound: transnational networks and the making of political identitiesGLOBAL NETWORKS, Issue 4 2007DAVID FEATHERSTONE Abstract In this article I consider the relations between historical and contemporary forms of transnational political networks. I contest accounts that counterpose a networked present against a more settled and bounded past, arguing that this contrast rests on a problematic temporalization of difference in the construction of political identities. I consider how this temporalization produces particular accounts of relations between space, politics and identity. Drawing on the insurgent imaginative geography of resistance in C. L. R. James's The Black Jacobins, I argue for a focus on the dynamic geographies of connection formed through transnational networks. I develop this position through a discussion of the relations of the London Corresponding Society, formed in London in 1792, to transnational routes of political activists, organizational forms and ideas. This account highlights the multiple political identities crafted through transnational political networks. I conclude by outlining elements of a ,usable past' for contemporary counter-global struggles. [source] | ||||||||||