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Paranoid Schizophrenia (paranoid + schizophrenia)
Selected AbstractsParanoid schizophrenia and idiopathic Parkinson's disease do coexist: A challenge for cliniciansPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 5 2006CHRISTINE WINTER md No abstract is available for this article. [source] Clinical and serotonergic predictors of non-affective acute remitting psychosis in patients with a first-episode psychosisACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 1 2009B. Arranz Objective:, The study aimed to establish clinical predictors of non-affective acute remitting psychosis (NARP) and assess whether these patients showed a distinct serotonergic profile. Method:, First-episode never treated psychotic patients diagnosed of paranoid schizophrenia (n = 35; 21 men and 14 women) or NARP (n = 28; 15 men and 13 women) were included. Results:, NARP patients showed significantly lower negative symptomatology, better premorbid adjustment, shorter duration of untreated psychosis, more depressive symptomatology and a lower number of 5-HT2A receptors than the paranoid schizophrenia patients. In the logistic regression, the four variables associated with the presence of NARP were: low number of 5-HT2A receptors; good premorbid adjustment; low score in the item ,hallucinatory behaviour' and reduced duration of untreated psychosis. Conclusion:, Our findings support the view that NARP is a highly distinctive condition different from either affective psychosis or other non-affective psychosis such as schizophrenia, and highlight the need for its validation. [source] Working memory and multi-tasking in paranoid schizophrenia with and without comorbid substance use disorderADDICTION, Issue 5 2008Patrizia Thoma ABSTRACT Aims Addiction is a frequent comorbid disorder in schizophrenia and associated with poor outcome. The present study sought to determine whether addicted and non-addicted schizophrenic patients are impaired differentially on the executive abilities of working memory and multi-tasking which are relevant for maintaining abstinence. Design Comparisons of executive performance in clinical and control groups. Setting In-patient setting. Participants The cognitive profile of schizophrenic patients with and without comorbid substance abuse disorder was compared with that of patients suffering from major depression or alcoholism and healthy participants. Measurements A range of cognitive tasks was used to assess: (i) the ability to update continuously context information in working memory and to use it for action selection; and (ii) the capacity to divide attention between different sensory input channels and to coordinate verbal and manual responses. Findings Single-diagnosis schizophrenic patients showed pronounced impairments on measures of online maintenance and use of context information. Their ability to coordinate different sensory input channels (divided attention) was also impaired. Addicted schizophrenics showed evidence of impaired sensory input management and of reduced context sensitivity, when age differences were controlled. Conclusions The present study indicates severe working memory and multi-tasking deficits in schizophrenia which are, however, not exacerbated by comorbid addiction. [source] Improvement in social competence in patients with schizophrenia: a pilot study using a performance-based measure using virtual reality,HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY: CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL, Issue 8 2009Kyung-Min Park Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to explore the possibility of the use of Virtual Reality Functional Skills Assessment (VRFSA) in a future regular clinical trial, as well as to report a preliminary result about effectiveness of atypical antipsychotics to social competence in schizophrenia. Methods We developed the VRFSA that measured subjects' performances automatically and used analogue scale rather than Likert scale. Twenty-four female patients with paranoid schizophrenia and 15 healthy females were recruited. This was a 6-week, randomized, open-label, and flexible dose study, and 2 treatments (baseline versus post-treatment),×,2 skills phases (receptive versus expressive),×,2 patient groups (aripiprazole versus risperidone) analysis of variance was used in the final analysis. Results There was a significant difference in the VRFAS between the patients and the healthy subjects (p,<,0.05). Eighteen patients were included in the final analysis. We found larger treatment effect than those found in previous studies, and significant treatment,×,skills phase,×,group interaction effect on the VRFAS. Conclusions Our results suggest that the VRFAS is strongly sensitive to changes in social competence and thus especially beneficial in short-term clinical trials. In addition, atypical antipsychotics can improve social competence and differentially improve receptive skills and expressive skills in schizophrenia. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source] Asphyxiation by Occlusion of Nose and Mouth by Duct Tape: Two Unusual SuicidesJOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES, Issue 6 2009Stephen DeRoux M.D. Abstract:, The most recent U.S. statistics (2005) determined that 22.2% of suicides are by suffocation. This number likely includes suicidal hanging. Based on previous reports the majority of nonhanging suicidal asphyxiations are accomplished by securing a plastic bag over the head. We report two instances of a far less common method of suicidal asphyxiation, occlusion of the nose and mouth by duct tape. One was a 47-year-old man with a history of paranoid schizophrenia with suicidal ideation and the other was a 52-year-old man who was depressed due to gambling debts. The value of scene investigation, including review of available video surveillance to determine the manner of death is highlighted. [source] Effectiveness of aripiprazole in a patient with presumed idiopathic Parkinson's disease and chronic paranoid schizophreniaPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES, Issue 1 2010Junya Fujino md No abstract is available for this article. [source] An initial report of a new biological marker for bipolar disorder: P85 evoked brain potentialBIPOLAR DISORDERS, Issue 6 2009Julie V Patterson Objectives:, Progress toward understanding the neurobiological and genetic underpinnings of bipolar disorder has been limited by the scarcity of potential biological markers that predict its occurrence. A measure of the integrity of brain inhibitory function, sensory gating, measured using the amplitude of the evoked potential at 50 ms to the first of two paired clicks divided by the response to the second, has been characterized as a biological marker for schizophrenia. Currently, no such biological marker exists for bipolar disorder. The goal of this research was to determine how gating of an auditory brain potential at 85 ms (P85), not previously examined in sensory gating studies, differentiated control and patient groups. Methods:, P50 and P85 auditory evoked potentials were collected from individuals diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder (n = 45), paranoid schizophrenia (n = 66), and bipolar I disorder (n = 42) using DSM-IV criteria and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV; and from 56 healthy controls. Results:, The P85 gating ratio was significantly larger in the bipolar disorder group compared to each of the other groups (F3,204 = 5.47, p = 0.001, and post-hoc tests). The P50 gating ratio was significantly larger for the schizoaffective group than for the control group (F3,204 = 2.81, p = 0.040), but did not differ from the ratio for the schizophrenia, paranoid type (p = 0.08) and bipolar groups. Conclusions:, The previously unstudied P85 gating ratio may provide a new marker specific to bipolar disorder. The findings will promote further studies to investigate the unique contribution of this measure as an endophenotype. [source] | ||||||||||