Home About us Contact
|
Home About us Contact | ||
|
|
||
Packing Properties (packing + property)
Selected AbstractsThermally Induced Reversible Phase Transformations Accompanied by Emission Switching Between Different Colors of Two Aromatic-Amine CompoundsADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 31 2009Yunfeng Zhao Thermally driven reversible emission switching between different colors and solid-phase transformation are investigated for two aromatic-amine compounds bearing trifluoromethyl (CF3) groups. The phase-dependent emission properties are attributed to the different molecular packing properties and changeable molecular geometry for different solid phases (see figure). [source] Effects of Rice Batter on Oil Uptake and Sensory Quality of Coated Fried OkraJOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE, Issue 1 2005Fred F. Shih ABSTRACT: Okra was coated and deep-fat fried with batters of flour sources including rice flour, a mixture of rice flour and small amounts of pregelatinized rice flour (PGRF), and, as a control, traditional wheat flour. The addition of PGRF, up to 8%, enhanced batter viscosity and the coating properties of the rice batter. Oil uptake of the fried batter decreased with the addition of up to 5% PGRF. Rice flour fried batters, with and without PGRF, were found to absorb substantially lower oil, by as much as 51 %, compared with the wheat batter. The fried okra coated with the rice batter containing 5% PGRF, when evaluated for sensory properties on appearance and surface attributes, was found to be superior or equal to those with the wheat batter and rice batter without PGRF. Particularly, its golden brown color is considered more desirable than the lighter yellow color of the other 2 entities. Similarly, most of its 1st-bite and after-chew properties were slightly better and were in the normal range of commercially available products. Specifically, its distinctive crispiness is considered a positive attribute, whereas its slightly higher tooth packing properties, while remaining in the range of commercial products, may be noticeable to some consumers. [source] Two-phase flow in structured packings: Modeling and calculation on a macroscopic scaleAICHE JOURNAL, Issue 3 2008B. Mahr Abstract A model is presented that allows calculating the macroscopic flow field of counter-current two-phase flow in strongly anisotropic porous structures. It is applied to corrugated structured packings. All flow field variables and packing properties are averaged over the volume of an elementary cell. The anisotropic gas flow resistance is derived from measurements and from separate CFD calculations on 3D-X-ray CT scans. The liquid's flow resistance is calculated using an analytical model of liquid film flow on an inclined plate. Liquid flow along both preferential flow directions is represented by two separate phases, in order to consider horizontal forces despite their symmetry. Gas-liquid momentum transfer above the loading point is included. The macroscopic flow field is calculated for a 288 mm I.D. column containing four packing elements. Liquid spreading from a point source, for uniform irrigation, increased hold-up at the packing elements' joints and pressure drop are tested against experimental results. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008 [source] Tilings, packings, coverings, and the approximation of functionsMATHEMATISCHE NACHRICHTEN, Issue 1 2004Aicke Hinrichs Abstract A packing (resp. covering) , of a normed space X consisting of unit balls is called completely saturated (resp. completely reduced) if no finite set of its members can be replaced by a more numerous (resp. less numerous) set of unit balls of X without losing the packing property (resp. covering property) of ,. We show that a normed space X admits completely saturated packings with disjoint closed unit balls as well as completely reduced coverings with open unit balls, provided that there exists a tiling of X with unit balls. Completely reduced coverings by open balls are of interest in the context of an approximation theory for continuous real-valued functions that rests on so-called controllable coverings of compact metric spaces. The close relation between controllable coverings and completely reduced coverings allows an extension of the approximation theory to non-compact spaces. (© 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] | ||||||||||