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Papanicolaou Stain (papanicolaou + stain)
Selected AbstractsCytomorphological study of soft tissue neoplasms: role of fluorescent immunocytochemistry in diagnosisCYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 5 2005B. Rekhi Objectives:, Exact categorization of soft tissue tumours (STTs) on smears requires application of various ancillary techniques. This study was aimed at evaluating the role of fluorescent immunocytochemistry (FICC) in cyto-diagnosis of 30 STT cases. Methods:, Thirty cases of soft tissue tumours were included in the present study. All cases were subjected to routine Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain. Extra smears were made and kept for fluorescent immunostaining. A panel of cytoskeletal antibodies, tagged with FITC (Fluorescein isothyocynate), was employed in all these cases. Fluorescent immunostained smears were examined under Zeiss Confocal Laser scanning microscope, using double immunofluorescence (red-green). Finally, all cases were subjected to biopsy and again immunoperoxidase staining. Results:, Among the 30 cases in the present study, unaided cytological diagnoses ranged from ,spindle cell' tumour in four (13.3%) cases, benign and malignant spindle cell tumour in 17 (56.6%) cases, to malignant mesenchymal tumour in nine (30%) cases. FICC helped in further correct categorization of 25/30 (83.3%) cases viz. leiomyoma (three), benign neurogenic tumour (six), schwannoma (one), dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (three), synovial sarcoma (two), rhabdomyosarcoma (two), malignant fibrous histiocytoma (five) and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (three). Aggressive fibromatosis was found to be a missed diagnosis in two cases. Overall concordance between cyto-diagnosis with FICC, and histopathology results was 83.3% (P < 0.05). Conclusion:, Fluorescent immunocytochemistry is a significant ancillary technique for making a rapid and specific diagnosis of STT, as required for their timely management. Incorporation of a wide panel of antibody markers with clinico-cytological correlation is recommended in forming an exact diagnosis in these cases. [source] Testing automated liquid-based cytology samples with a manual liquid-based cytology method using residual cell suspensions from 500 ThinPrep casesDIAGNOSTIC CYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 6 2006John A. Maksem M.D. Abstract We report a technical improvement upon a previously disclosed manual liquid-based cytology (MLBC) method; and, we use the improved method to prepare slides from residual ThinPrep specimens in order to see how often ThinPrep diagnoses correspond to diagnoses derived from exhaustive examination of their parent sample suspensions. Residual cell suspensions from 500 ThinPrep cases comprising (1) 20 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs); (2) 200 high risk (HR) negatives and 20 ASC-US; and (3) 260 screening cytology specimens were studied. Institutional review committee guidelines allowed us to know diagnoses by groups of specimens, but did not allow us to know individual patient diagnoses, so we could not perform case-by-case matched outcome-comparisons. Cells were concentrated by conventional centrifugation and sedimented into a polymer gel that was then vortex-mixed and converted into a viscous cell-rich suspension. The cell suspension was smeared between two clean glass slides, which were air-dried and stained with the Papanicolaou stain. Two study-sets were created, comprising one slide from each case. Each of the two study sets was examined by two cytopathologists, and discordant diagnoses were adjudicated. Because of the ambiguity involved in the "atypical" (ASC-US, ASC-H, AGC) diagnosis categories, only outcomes at the level of LSIL or greater were recorded. All MLBC SILs were digitally imaged and abnormal slides plus digital images were sent to the laboratory that provided the residual automated liquid-based cytology (ALBC) suspensions. The final diagnoses were confirmed by the laboratory that provided the residual ALBC specimens. MLBC slides of the 20 LSIL cases afforded 2 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and 18 LSILs. Those of the 200 HR-Negatives showed 3 HSILs and 30 LSILs; and those of the 20 HR-ASC-US showed 3 HSILs and 9 LSILs. MLBC slides of the 260 screening cytology specimens showed 1 Carcinoma, 3 HSILs and 20 LSILs; affording 3 HSILs and 14 LSILs more than originally diagnosed. The MLBC method of this report is useful for preparing cell suspensions for cytological examination. Our analytical method was exhaustive and used nearly all of the cell material that was provided to us for analysis; therefore, we conclude that this approach is useful for determining how well ALBC instruments represent their parent sample suspensions. It appears that "rare events" may be overlooked when limited sample aliquots are analyzed by ALBC instruments, and this probably accounts for our increased discovery of SILs by the MLBC method. Also, SILs often present as aggregates of cohesive cells which, if overlooked or ineffectively transferred to ALBC slides, would not be diagnosed. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2006;34:391,396. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source] Cancer Cell Exfoliation by Preoperative Colonoscopic ExaminationDIGESTIVE ENDOSCOPY, Issue 4 2000Yuichi Tomiki Background: Colonoscopic contact and repeated biopsies have been associated with an increased risk of cancer cell dissemination. We examined whether exfoliated cancer cells were detected during preoperative colonoscopic examination in patients with colorectal cancer. Methods: Twenty-five patients with colorectal cancer were studied. Samples were collected by four methods: intestinal lavage solution, endoscope tip, forceps channel (n = 22) and biopsy forceps (n = 3). The collected suspensions were centrifuged, fixed in 95% ethanol, stained with Papanicolaou stain and examined microscopically. Viability of the exfoliated cancer cells was studied in five patients. Samples obtained by endoscope tip and forceps channel were suspended in RPMI 1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum stained with trypan blue or fluorescent dye and examined. Results: Exfoliated cancer cells were detected in 18 of 25 patients (72%). The detection rate was 45.5% in intestinal lavage solution, 68.2% at the endoscope tip and 81.8% in the forceps channel. The detection rate of exfoliated cancer cells adhering to the colonoscope depended on endoscopic contact (P = 0.009). Trypan blue staining and fluorescent staining confirmed the presence of viable cells among the exfoliated cancer cells. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that cancer cells were exfoliated when the colonoscope passed through a stricture and after biopsy or passage of a colonoscope through a stricture, further manipulation of lesions should be avoided to reduce the risk of implantation metastasis. [source] Ex Vivo Fluorescence Imaging of Normal and Malignant Urothelial Cells to Enhance Early DiagnosisPHOTOCHEMISTRY & PHOTOBIOLOGY, Issue 5 2007Karine Steenkeste ABSTRACT Urinary cytology is a noninvasive and unconstraining technique for urothelial cancer diagnosis but lacks sensitivity for detecting low-grade lesions. In this study, the fluorescence properties of classical Papanicolaou-stained urothelial cytological slides from patients or from cell lines were monitored to investigate metabolic changes in normal and tumoral cells. Time- and spectrally-resolved fluorescence imaging was performed at the single cell level to assess the spectral and temporal properties as well as the spatial distribution of the fluorescence emitted by urothelial cells. The results reveal quite different fluorescence distributions between tumoral urothelial cells, characterized by a perimembrane fluorescence localization, and the normal cells which exhibit an intracellular fluorescence. This is not caused by differences in the fluorescence emission of the endogenous fluorophores NAD(P)H, flavoproteins or porphyrins but by various localization of the EA 50 Papanicolaou stain as revealed by both the spectral and time-resolved parameters. The present results demonstrate that the use of single-cell endofluorescence emission of Papanicolaou-stained urothelial cytological slides can allow an early ex vivo diagnosis of low-grade bladder cancers. [source] Evaluation of accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology for diagnosis of canine mammary tumours: comparative features with human tumoursCYTOPATHOLOGY, Issue 3 2007G. D. Cassali Objective:, The authors evaluated the accuracy of the fine needle aspiration cytology technique in the diagnosis of 77 canine mammary gland tumours using the same cytological and histological criteria currently applied to the diagnosis of human breast cancer. Methods:, The study was performed in 73 pure or mixed-breed female dogs submitted to surgical resections of ,mammary tumours'. All cytological smears were stained by routine May-Grunwald,Giemsa and Papanicolaou stains. Results:, We obtained a correct cyto-histological correlation in 52/77 cases (67.5%) when all cytopathological examinations were considered, and in 52/56 cases (92.9%) when the inconclusive cases were excluded from the analysis. Conclusion:, Our results demonstrate that, because of the similarity of the cytological findings in the human and canine mammary gland tumours, it is possible to use the same cytological criteria applied in human pathology for the diagnosis of canine mammary gland tumours. [source] | ||||||||||