			Home About us Contact

PAI Scores (pai + score)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	100%

Selected Abstracts

Radiological assessment of periapical status using the periapical index: comparison of periapical radiography and digital panoramic radiography

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 6 2007
C. Ridao-Sacie
Abstract Aim, To compare the use of periapical radiographs and digital panoramic images displayed on monitor and glossy paper in the assessment of the periapical status of the teeth using the periapical index (PAI). Methodology, A total of 86 subjects were examined. All participants underwent a full-mouth radiographic survey (14 periapical radiographs) and a panoramic radiography. The periapical status, using the PAI score, of all appraised teeth was assessed. Results, Periapical radiographs allowed the assessment of the periapical status of 87% of teeth using the PAI. On the contrary, digital radiography had a significantly reduced potential to allow assessment of the periapical status (P < 0.01). Only 57.6% and 34.1% of teeth could be appraised using digital panoramic images displayed on monitor and glossy paper respectively (P < 0.01). The total percentage of teeth with periapical pathosis was five fold higher when assessed with digital panoramic images displayed on glossy paper compared with periapical radiographs (P < 0.01). Conclusions, Teeth were best viewed on periapical radiographs except maxillary second and third molars, which were better viewed in orthopantomograms. Orthopantomograms on screen were scorable more often than when on printed images. Apical periodontitis was scored more often on paper than on screen, and more often on screen than in periapical radiographs. [source]

Evaluation of radiographs, clinical signs and symptoms associated with pulp canal obliteration: an aid to treatment decision

DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY, Issue 6 2009
Adeleke O. Oginni
The dental clinician faced with this condition has to make a difficult decision. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical signs and symptoms associated with teeth with PCO and to assess the status of the periapical tissues using the periapical index (PAI) as an aid in making a treatment decision. The study included teeth diagnosed with PCO in patients with a history of traumatic injury to the involved teeth. Histories of associated signs and symptoms including pain, swelling and drainage from a sinus tract were elicited. Tooth color, sensibility to electric pulp testing, mobility and percussion tenderness were recorded. The periapical status was assessed using the PAI. Two hundred and seventy-six teeth were diagnosed with PCO. One hundred and fifty-seven (56.9%) and 119 (43.1%) demonstrated partial or total PCO, respectively. Yellow discoloration presented most frequently, occurring in 186 (67.4%) teeth. Sixty-two (33.3%) of these had developed periapical lesions and reacted negatively to sensibility testing. Fifty-seven (30.7%) of these teeth presented radiographically with a normal periapical appearance and reacted normally to sensibility testing, whereas 67 (36.0%) presented with small changes in the periapical bone pattern and reacted in the high normal range to sensibility testing. Teeth with PAI scores ,2 presented with occasional spontaneous pain. Teeth with PAI scores ,3 presented with clinical symptoms and signs ranging from pain on percussion to spontaneous pain, and slight swelling to sinus tract drainage. Based on the findings of this study, endodontic treatment should be initiated in teeth with tenderness to percussion, PAI scores ,3 and a negative response to sensibility testing. [source]

A multivariate analysis of the outcome of endodontic treatment

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES, Issue 3 2004
Dag Ørstavik
In the present study, multivariate analyses were performed on clinical and treatment variables that may influence the outcome of endodontic treatment. Data collected in a previous clinical-radiographic follow-up study were used. Of 810 treated, 675 roots in 498 teeth were followed for 6 months to 4 yr. Of these, 192 (the CAP group) had pre-existing, chronic apical periodontitis and 483 (the NAP group) had not. Root canal treatment followed a standard procedure with one of three sealers chosen at random. Demographic, clinical and radiographic variables were recorded at the start of, and during treatment. The periapical index (PAI) score was used to record the outcome of treatment, and applied in two different endpoint modes (END1 and END2) as the dependent variable for multivariate statistical analyses using logistic regression and the general model. The modes reflected increasing PAI scores (END1) and conventional success/failure assessment (END2). Dropouts were largely similar to the cases followed up. A total of 10 preoperative and peroperative variables were found to be significantly associated with treatment outcome by the multivariate analyses of either the total material or the NAP or CAP subgroups. Several of these were not significant in univariate analyses (e.g. the effect of sealer). Conventional success/failure analyses (END2) identified fewer of the influential variables and had low explanatory power, whereas PAI scores on an ordinal scale (END1) were most sensitive in identifying variables of influence on the treatment outcome. [source]

Prevalence of apical periodontitis and frequency of root-filled teeth in an adult Spanish population

INTERNATIONAL ENDODONTIC JOURNAL, Issue 3 2004
A. Jiménez-Pinzón
Abstract Aim, To estimate the prevalence of teeth with apical periodontitis (AP) and root-filled teeth in an adult Spanish population. Methodology, A total of 180 subjects, aged 37.1 ± 15.7 years, presenting as new patients to the Faculty of Dentistry, Seville, Spain, were examined. All participants underwent a full-mouth radiographic survey (14 periapical radiographs). The frequency of root canal treatment and the periapical status of all teeth, using the periapical index (PAI) score, were assessed. An intraobserver agreement test on PAI scores produced a Cohen's kappa of 0.77 (substantial agreement). Results were analysed statistically using the Chi-square test. Results, Apical periodontitis in one or several teeth was found in 110 subjects (61.1% prevalence), and 73 (40.6% prevalence) had at least one root-filled tooth. Among subjects with root-filled teeth, 48 (65.8%) had AP affecting at least one root-filled tooth. A total of 4453 teeth were examined, of these 186 (4.2%) had AP. The total number of root-filled teeth was 93 (2.1%), of which 60 (64.5%) had AP. Among non-root filled teeth, only 2.9% had AP. The prevalence of AP in connection with molar teeth was higher (5.5%) than for premolar (4.5%) and anterior teeth (3.2%; P < 0.01). More premolar and molar teeth were root-filled (2.8 and 2.7%, respectively) than anterior teeth (1.3%; P < 0.01). The prevalence of AP increased with age. Conclusions, The prevalence of AP in root-filled and untreated teeth, and the frequency of root-filled teeth were comparable to those reported in previous similar studies carried out in European countries. The prevalence of root-filled teeth with AP was found to be higher compared to that demonstrated in other epidemiological studies. [source]