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Own Weight (own + weight)
Selected AbstractsMetabolic syndrome: collapsing under its own weight?DIABETIC MEDICINE, Issue 5 2009D. Preiss Invited counterview to article by Cameron AJ, Zimmet PZ, Shaw JE, Alberti KGMM. The metabolic syndrome: in need of a global mission statement. Diabet Med 2009;26: 306,309 [source] Magnetic-Field-Induced Locomotion of Glass Fibers on Water Surfaces: Towards the Understanding of How Much Force One Magnetic Nanoparticle Can DeliverADVANCED MATERIALS, Issue 19 2009Feng Shi The amount of force one magnetic nanoparticle (MNPs) can deliver is calculated using Fe3O4 MNPs building blocks to modify glass fibers. Our results demonstrate that one weight unit of Fe3O4 MNPs can eventually drag ,10,000 times its own weight on a water surface, a significant finding for the development of new magnetic delivery systems and micromanipulators. [source] Sex differences in weight perception and nutritional behaviour in adults with cystic fibrosisJOURNAL OF HUMAN NUTRITION & DIETETICS, Issue 2 2001S. Walters Introduction Good nutritional status in cystic fibrosis (CF) is associated with improved clinical status and survival. In some conditions where dietary and pharmacological treatment are important (e.g. diabetes), a combination of eating disorders and failure of treatment compliance has been reported. Cases of eating disorders have been reported in CF. Societal pressures on young women to remain slim may compromise optimum clinical management as women are content to remain underweight. Objective To determine whether women have different perception of their weight than men with CF and whether this manifests in different nutritional behaviour. Methods Confidential postal questionnaire to 1870 adults with CF in 1994 known to the Association of Cystic Fibrosis Adults (UK). Participants were asked their own weight and height, and their perception of their weight. Very underweight was defined as < 85% ideal body weight, underweight as 85,94%, normal weight as 95,104%, overweight as 105,114% and very overweight as 115% and over. Results A significantly higher proportion of women than men who are very underweight (29% vs. 11%) or underweight (41% vs. 15%) saw themselves as being of normal weight or overweight. Conversely, a significantly higher proportion of men than women who were normal weight (42% vs. 19%) saw themselves as underweight. All P -values < 0.01. A significantly higher proportion of people who perceived themselves to be underweight were taking oral or enteral food supplements compared with those who did not (77% vs. 30%, P < 0.05). Multiple logistic regression showed that perception of self as underweight was the strongest predictor of taking oral or enteral food supplements (adjusted odds ratio 2.42), even after adjustment for age, sex, overall severity score, body mass index, and seeing a dietitian in the last year. Conclusion Young women with CF tend to overestimate their weight, and young men with CF underestimate their weight when compared with their actual body weight. Perception of self as underweight is reflected in nutritional behaviour, being a significant predictor of taking oral and enteral food supplements. People working with young patients with CF should be aware of these sex differences in weight perception, and work with young women and young men with CF to achieve a realistic perception of body weight and realistic nutritional goals. There is a need for further research into body image, weight perception, eating behaviour and adherence to pancreatic enzyme supplementation and oral and enteral food supplementation in young patients with CF. [source] MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF UNPRESSED SEMI-HARD CHEESES BY UNIAXIAL COMPRESSIONJOURNAL OF TEXTURE STUDIES, Issue 2 2000BRIGITTE WEINRICHTER ABSTRACT Different lots of Tilsit cheeses, which are characterized by their open structure caused by pressing under their own weight during manufacture, were subjected to uniaxial compression, a quasi-standard for the evaluation of mechanical properties of hard and semi-hard cheeses. Additionally, video films showing the behaviour of the specimens during compression were analysed. For standard Tilsit with a fat content of 35% in dry matter, the cheese mass proved to be highly anisotropic with respect to stress response and lateral expansion expressed as apparent Poisson number. Specimens cut perpendicular to the flat side of the cheese wheels, which had lentil-shaped eyes with their major axis parallel to the compression plates, showed significantly higher stresses and lower Poisson numbers than specimens sampled parallel to the flat side of the cheese wheels. Therefore, stress values calculated on the basis of actual specimen diameter were different from those calculated by assuming constant specimen's volume. However, for samples with a fat content of approx. 60% in dry matter no differences caused by compression direction were observed. [source] Influence of the COOH and COONa groups and crosslink density of poly(acrylic acid)/montmorillonite superabsorbent composite on water absorbencyPOLYMER INTERNATIONAL, Issue 9 2001Jihuai Wu Abstract A novel poly(acrylic acid)/montmorillonite superabsorbent composite with a water absorbency of 1100 times its own weight was synthesized by the graft copolymerization of acrylic acid with a cross-linking agent in the presence of montmorillonite ultrafine powder. The influence of the amount of crosslinker and montmorillonite on water absorbency has been investigated. It was found that a crosslinker concentration of 0.03,wt% and 30,wt% montmorillonite gave the best results. The collaborative absorbent effect of sodium carboxylate and carboxylic acid groups was superior to that of sodium carboxylate or carboxylic acid groups alone, and the composite with a ratio of about 2/3 for sodium carboxylate to carboxyl acid groups possessed the highest water absorbence. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry [source] Rotational motion of a discretized buckled beamPROCEEDINGS IN APPLIED MATHEMATICS & MECHANICS, Issue 1 2006H. Troger We study a simple discretized model of a vertical cylindrical beam with circular cross-section which is clamped at its lower end and free at its upper end. If the beam is longer than a critical length the initially straight configuration will loose its stability and the beam will buckle due to its own weight. Now the base of the buckled beam is rotated about its vertical axis. Several different families of steady state motions are detected for the undamped system. Their stability is investigated. Moreover it is shown that there is a big difference in the behavior of the discretized model of the beam whether internal damping is included in the model or not. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) [source] Hairy Root Culture in a Liquid-Dispersed Bioreactor: Characterization of Spatial HeterogeneityBIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS, Issue 3 2000Gary R. C. Williams A liquid-dispersed reactor equipped with a vertical mesh cylinder for inoculum support was developed for culture of Atropa belladonna hairy roots. The working volume of the culture vessel was 4.4 L with an aspect ratio of 1.7. Medium was dispersed as a spray onto the top of the root bed, and the roots grew radially outward from the central mesh cylinder to the vessel wall. Significant benefits in terms of liquid drainage and reduced interstitial liquid holdup were obtained using a vertical rather than horizontal support structure for the biomass and by operating the reactor with cocurrent air and liquid flow. With root growth, a pattern of spatial heterogeneity developed in the vessel. Higher local biomass densities, lower volumes of interstitial liquid, lower sugar concentrations, and higher root atropine contents were found in the upper sections of the root bed compared with the lower sections, suggesting a greater level of metabolic activity toward the top of the reactor. Although gas-liquid oxygen transfer to the spray droplets was very rapid, there was evidence of significant oxygen limitations in the reactor. Substantial volumes of non-free-draining interstitial liquid accumulated in the root bed. Roots near the bottom of the vessel trapped up to 3,4 times their own weight in liquid, thus eliminating the advantages of improved contact with the gas phase offered by liquid-dispersed culture systems. Local nutrient and product concentrations in the non-free-draining liquid were significantly different from those in the bulk medium, indicating poor liquid mixing within the root bed. Oxygen enrichment of the gas phase improved neither growth nor atropine production, highlighting the greater importance of liquid-solid compared with gas-liquid oxygen transfer resistance. The absence of mechanical or pneumatic agitation and the tendency of the root bed to accumulate liquid and impede drainage were identified as the major limitations to reactor performance. Improved reactor operating strategies and selection or development of root lines offering minimal resistance to liquid flow and low liquid retention characteristics are possible solutions to these problems. [source] | |||||||||||||