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Outpatient Sample (outpatient + sample)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Medical Sciences	80%

Selected Abstracts

Development of the Bipolar Inventory of Symptoms Scale: concurrent validity, discriminant validity and retest reliability

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH, Issue 4 2008
Jodi M. Gonzalez
Abstract Scales used in studies of bipolar disorder have generally been standardized with major depressive or hospitalized manic patients. A clinician rated scale based on a semi-structured interview for persons with bipolar disorder, with comprehensive coverage of bipolar symptomatology, is needed. We report concurrent, divergent and convergent psychometric reliability, discriminant validity and relationship to a measure of overall function for a new psychometric rating instrument. A primarily outpatient sample of 224 subjects was assessed using the Bipolar Inventory of Symptoms Scale (BISS). The BISS total score and depression and mania subscales were compared to the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF). Clinical mood states were also compared using the BISS. The BISS scores demonstrated good concurrent validity, with estimates (Pearson correlations) ranging from 0.74 to 0.94 for YMRS and MADRS and test,retest reliability from 0.95 to 0.98. BISS concurrent validity with the GAF was significant for four clinical states, but not mixed states. The BISS discriminated primary bipolar mood states as well as subjects recovered for eight weeks compared to healthy controls. In conclusion, the BISS is a reliable and valid instrument broadly applicable in clinical research to assess the comprehensive domains of bipolar disorder. Future directions include factor analysis and sensitivity to change from treatment studies. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

The relationship between interpersonal problems and the helping alliance

JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY, Issue 4 2005
Bernd Puschner
Using data from a large longitudinal naturalistic study on course and outcome of psychotherapy, the present paper investigates the amount of interpersonal problems in an outpatient sample (N = 714) and the extent to which a patient's interpersonal problems determine the quality of the helping alliance. The results show that at the beginning of psychotherapy, subjects reported significant interpersonal distress on 2.43 of the eight IIP scales. Interpersonal problems were most prevalent in the octants "introverted," "submissive," "exploitable," and "overly nurturant." Furthermore, interpersonal problems were related to the helping alliance in different ways: "Too hostile" patients reported relatively poor initial helping alliance whereas "too friendly" patients rated more favorably the relationship to the therapist. However, interpersonal problems at intake did not predict the therapeutic alliance one-and-a-half years later. The results indicate that a poor initial helping alliance might be reversed during the course of treatment. Implications for future research and psychotherapeutic practice are discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol. [source]

Long-Term Posttreatment Functioning Among Those Treated for Alcohol Use Disorders

ALCOHOLISM, Issue 2 2006
Patrick R. Clifford
This article summarizes the proceedings of a symposium that was organized and chaired by Patrick R. Clifford and presented at the 2005 Research Society on Alcoholism meeting in Santa Barbara, California. The aims of the presentation were to focus on the prediction and explanation of longer-term functioning following alcohol use disorders (AUD) treatment. Along these lines, Stephen A. Maisto, PhD, presented data (i.e., Project MATCH outpatient sample) on the relationship between drinking behavior in the first year following AUD outpatient treatment initiation and functioning at 3-year follow-up. Robert L. Stout, PhD, using data from the Extended Case Monitoring Study, analyzed long-term drinking patterns using shorter-term information. James R. McKay, PhD, examined the relationship between treatment services received and problem severities across a 2-year follow-up period. J. Scott Tonigan, PhD, served as the panel discussant. [source]

The impact of panic-agoraphobic comorbidity on suicidality in hospitalized patients with major depression

DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY, Issue 3 2010
Lily A. Brown B.S.
Abstract Background: Previous research in outpatient samples suggests that panic and agoraphobic comorbidity is related to suicidality in outpatients with major depression. The purpose of the study was to further investigate this relationship specifically in a hospitalized sample. Method: This study examined the severity of current suicidal ideation and behaviors in a psychiatric hospital sample diagnosed with major depressive disorder alone (MDD; n=28) versus MDD plus panic-agoraphobic spectrum disorders (MDD+PAS; n=69). Results: Members of the MDD+PAS group were significantly more likely to have had a suicide attempt history, higher current depression severity, and higher current suicidal severity compared with individuals in the MDD alone group. The relationship between the current suicidality and comorbid PAS remained significant after controlling for the overall depression severity and other clinical factors. Conclusions: These findings suggest that panic-agoraphobic comorbidity is associated with a greater risk for suicidality in hospitalized patients, which cannot be adequately explained by the level of current depression alone. The clinical and research implications for these findings are discussed. Depression and Anxiety, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [source]

The Effect of Poststroke Depression on Recovery from Stroke

PSYCHOGERIATRICS, Issue 2 2002
Amane Tateno
Background: Stroke is a major health problem and poststroke depression is known to be one of the frequent and severe psychiatric complications following stroke. Methods: Based on the results of structured psychiatric mental state exams and DSM diagnostic criteria, the prevalence of poststroke depression has been examined in numerous study populations throughout the world. Longitudinal examinations have documented the effect of poststroke depression on recovery from stroke. Results: The mean prevalence of poststroke major depression was 21.1 % and minor depression was 17.1% among hospitalized or outpatient samples. Community samples showed a slightly lower rate of 14.1% and 9.1%, respectively. Furthermore, the existence of poststroke depression leads to poorer physical recovery, greater cognitive impairment, and worse recovery in activities of daily living compared with non-depressed patients. Several studies have also found that poststroke depression is associated with increased mortality compared with non-depressed patients who had comparable strokes and similar premorbid risk factors. Finally, several studies have found that successful treatment of poststroke depression improves both cognitive and physical recovery and decreases mortality. Conclusion: The current review documents the beneficial effect of identifying and treating poststroke depression on both recovery and survival following stroke. [source]