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Other Grounds (other + ground)

Distribution by Scientific Domains

Humanities and Social Sciences	50%

Selected Abstracts

The Equality Deficit: Protection against Discrimination on the Grounds of Sexual Orientation in Employment

GENDER, WORK & ORGANISATION, Issue 4 2001
Nicole Busby
The provisions of UK law offer no specific protection to gay men and lesbians suffering discrimination in the workplace on the grounds of sexual orientation. Such discrimination may take many forms and can result in ,fair' dismissal in certain circumstances. This article considers the degree of legal protection available under current provisions and investigates possible sources for the development of specific anti-discrimination legislation. It is concluded that, despite the application of certain aspects of employment law, the level of protection afforded to this group of workers amounts to an equality deficit in comparison to the legal redress available to those discriminated against on other grounds. Although the development of human rights legislation may have some application in this context, the combination of institutionalized discrimination and wider public policy concerns suggest that the introduction of specific legislation aimed at eliminating such discrimination in the United Kingdom is still some way off. [source]

Scandinavian clinical practice guidelines on general anaesthesia for emergency situations

ACTA ANAESTHESIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, Issue 8 2010
A. G. JENSEN
Emergency patients need special considerations and the number and severity of complications from general anaesthesia can be higher than during scheduled procedures. Guidelines are therefore needed. The Clinical Practice Committee of the Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine appointed a working group to develop guidelines based on literature searches to assess evidence, and a consensus meeting was held. Consensus opinion was used in the many topics where high-grade evidence was unavailable. The recommendations include the following: anaesthesia for emergency patients should be given by, or under very close supervision by, experienced anaesthesiologists. Problems with the airway and the circulation must be anticipated. The risk of aspiration must be judged for each patient. Pre-operative gastric emptying is rarely indicated. For pre-oxygenation, either tidal volume breathing for 3 min or eight deep breaths over 60 s and oxygen flow 10 l/min should be used. Pre-oxygenation in the obese patients should be performed in the head-up position. The use of cricoid pressure is not considered mandatory, but can be used on individual judgement. The hypnotic drug has a minor influence on intubation conditions, and should be chosen on other grounds. Ketamine should be considered in haemodynamically compromised patients. Opioids may be used to reduce the stress response following intubation. For optimal intubation conditions, succinylcholine 1,1.5 mg/kg is preferred. Outside the operation room, rapid sequence intubation is also considered the safest method. For all patients, precautions to avoid aspiration and other complications must also be considered at the end of anaesthesia. [source]

Evidence from ESR studies for [Co(,-C2H4)3] produced at 77 K in a rotating cryostat,

MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY, Issue 10 2006
Lynda J. Hayton
Abstract Co atoms were reacted with ethene at 77 K and the paramagnetic products studied by electron spin resonance (ESR) at X- and K-bands. The ESR spectra of the major product at both frequencies showed eight cobalt multiplets (ICo = 7/2) indicating a mono-cobalt complex. The spectra have orthorhombic g and cobalt hyperfine tensors and were simulated by the parameters; g1 = 2.284, g2 = 2.0027, g3 = 2.1527; A1 < , 25 MHz, A2 = , 109 MHz, A3 = , 198 MHz. Proton and 13C (1% natural abundance) hyperfine couplings were lower than the line widths (<2 MHz) indicating less than 0.5 spin transfer to the ethene ligands. We assigned the spectrum to a Jahn,Teller-distorted planar trigonal mono-cobalt tris-ethene [Co(,-C2H4)3] complex in C2v symmetry. The SOMO is either a 3dx2,y2 (2a1) orbital in a T-geometry or a 3dxy (b1) orbital in a Y-geometry but there is only a spin density, a2, of 0.30 in these d orbitals. The spin deficiency of 0.70 is attributed to two factors; spin transfer from the Co to ethene ,/,* orbitals and a 4p orbital contribution, b2, to the SOMO. Calculations of a2 and b2 have been made at three levels of spin transfer, ,. At , = 0.00a2 is 0.23 and b2 is 0.78, at , = 0.25a2 is 0.25 and b2 is 0.52 and at , = 0.50a2 is 0.28 and b2 is 0.23. The other possible assignment to a mono-cobalt bis-ethene complex [Co(,-C2H4)2] cannot be discounted from the ESR data alone but is considered unlikely on other grounds. The complex is stable up to ,220 K indicating a barrier to decomposition of ,50 kJ Mol,1 Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [source]

Knowledge and Practical Reason

PHILOSOPHY COMPASS (ELECTRONIC), Issue 6 2008
Jessica Brown
It has become recently popular to suggest that knowledge is the epistemic norm of practical reasoning and that this provides an important constraint on the correct account of knowledge, one which favours subject-sensitive invariantism over contextualism and classic invariantism. I argue that there are putative counterexamples to both directions of the knowledge norm. Even if the knowledge norm can be defended against these counterexamples, I argue that it is a delicate issue whether it is true, one which relies on fine distinctions among a variety of relevant notions of propriety which our intuitions may reflect. These notions variously apply to the agent herself, her character traits, her beliefs, her reasoning and any resultant action. Given the delicacy of these issues, I argue that the knowledge norm is not a fixed point from which to defend substantive and controversial views in epistemology. Rather, these views need to be defended on other grounds. [source]